| Volltext: | Index Aboriginal art 407, 434 abstract art 443, 550-2 Abstract Expressionism: Blesh 547-8; Gibson 550-1, 553; Parsons 546-7, 550-1, 553; USA/universal 4,443,540-1 academy: Chinese women 429- 30; conferences 69-70, 72-3; feminism 6,50; gender 70, 71, 78-9; language 300; mystery fiction 83n2; political discourse 442-3; pornography 178-9; productivity 82; race 71, 78-9, 226; rape discourse 163 activism: art 109-10; cultural 347-8; radical feminism 99; theory 49,443; USA 51; Warner 52 Adams, Carol 152-3 Adams, Marie Jeane 613-14, 617, 622 Adelaide Women's Liberation Movement 96-7 Adelman, Shonagh 540, 544-6 Adler, Judith 189 advertising 135,465 aesthetics 309-11; African 326, 328, 610; analytic 324n7; Caribbean 327-8; class 173; collage 115-16; female 241; feminist art 289; formalism 252; ideology 332; innovation 323; lesbian 221; Marxism 309; photographic strategies 357; pre-aesthetic realm 304— 7; theory 322—3; see also black aesthetics; feminist aesthetics Afri-COBRA 226 African-American art: and African art 605; Amos 639; basketry 228; black nude 274—5, 276, 277nl; gender 589; history 224—5; Negritude 327; pottery 228; quilts 228-30, 589, 612-23; racism 600; Smith, R. 58; see also black artists; black women artists African-Americans 65-6nl; academy/race 226; culture 598; double consciousness 330; masculinity 333; style 610-11; visibility 220, 576; see also black feminists; black women; black women artists; race; racism Africans: aesthetics 326, 328, 610; art 226, 589, 603, 605; culture 598; sold into slavery 605-7; see also Fon of Dahomey; Yoruba culture Afro-American art: see African- American art ageing 135-6,609 AIDS 58, 83, 509 Aliara, Pamela: on Neel 6, 166, 280-8 allegory 513 Alloway, Lawrence 206, 283— 4 Althusser, Louis 441, 459, 460-1, 525 American Soviet Joint Venture 147 Amos, Emma 639 Anderson, Laurie 389 Andre, Carl 117 androcentrism 163, 189 androgyny 583 Anna Livia Plurabelle: constructions 420-8; identity 417-19, 421-2, 425; male power/desire 413-15; renaming 415-16 anorexia nervosa 541, 569 anthologies 6 anthropology 10, 17, 598-600 anti-essentialism 528, 535-6, 547 anti-painting 369 anti-pornography 53 Apollinaire, Guillaume 170, 171 appearance 432,433 Appiah, Anthony 326, 514 Applebroog, Ida 391 appliqué work 613-14 archaeology 224-6 architecture 145, 169, 205-6 archival research 5, 7 Ariadne, social network 115 Aristotle 566 Arnheim, Rudolf 175 Arnold, Sir Thomas 175 art 247-8, 324n5; autocracy 177-8; autonomy 252-3; body 143, 578, 579, 593-4; class 446-7, 639—40; culture 12-13, 117,212, 308-12, 369; gender 47-8, 144, 295-6, 589; hierarchy 41, 168-9, 171-2, 174-5, 176-7; high/low 110- 11, 168, 174-5, 228-9; politics 51-2, 54, 99, 106, 107-18, 163, 281,327, 365, 376, 452, 509-10; postmodern 389; psychoanalytic theory 475; race/racism 8n6, 209, 639-40; representation 253, 461; society 41-3, 54, 68-9, 626-7; subject matter 14, 15, 230; tradition 434, 499-500; see also feminist art Art and Theory Conference, AIDS Day 83 690 Index art criticism 117, 232nl, 238; art history 224-31; authenticity 76-7; black feminist 164, 225, 226-8; Chile 265; distancing 113; education 225; femininity 162; feminist 144—5, 299; feminist art 318-19,496; Lippard 238—41; male 200, 577; masculinity 162; mimesis 435-6; society 212; theory 213-14, 498; women artists 200 art education 210, 372-3, 376-7; see also art schools art history 4—5, 111-13, 232nl, 250-1; alternative 63; art criticism 224—31; bourgeois 251, 254; canon 227-8; Chile 376; elitism 71-2; Euroethnicism 61; feminine beauty 307; feminism 164-5, 251-2, 254, 255, 369-70; gender 73, 140; lesbian artists 556-7; male dominance 310; Marxism 254; modernism 165, 251, 252-3; national identity 4; Neel 281; object-centred 254; psychoanalysis 254; race 8n6, 209; revisions 143-4; semiotics 254; sexism 8n6; social practice of art 133; Womanart 204; women practitioners 70-1; see also black feminist art history; feminist art history Art in America 264 Art Monthly 158,159 Art Monthly Australia 434—5 art production 305-9,311,524, 589-90; feminine 305-7 art schools 210; art history teaching 53; assessments 130-2; education 131-2; feminism 133; gender of staff 130; Kelly 372-3; sexism 131; see also Feminist Art Program; Feminist Studio Workshop art theory 4—5, 51, 162-3 art world 49-50, 99, 232n4, 238 art writing 556 artists: disability 541; gay men 547, 548, 555-6; model 293, 393-4, 569; passive/active 113-14; patriarch 248; race 8n6, 209; subjectivity 384; see also black women artists; gay men artists; lesbian artists; male artists; women artists artists' books exhibition 536-7 Artist's Union 50-1; Women's Workshop 87-8 Arts Council of Great Britain 592 artworks 162, 342-3 Ashcan School 281 àshe, Yoruba culture 599,602,612 Asher, Elise 549 Association of Art Historians 68 Atkinson, Terry 371, 376 Atkinson, Ti-Grace 37-8 Atlanta race murders 603 Augustine, Saint 181, 182-3 Australia: Aboriginal art 407, 434; Adelaide Women's Liberation Movement 96-7; art 213; colonialism 436-7; feminist art theory 3; intellectuals 214; Women's Art Group 96 authenticity: art criticism 76-7; lesbian artists 558; tourism 190; women artists 14, 15, 16 authoritarianism 149-50 authorship: Barthes 257-8, 260, 271, 409; Borsa 257-60; Cixous 526; crisis 498; death of author 132-3, 165-6, 257- 9, 260, 409; female 526; Foucault 257-8, 409; Irigaray 526; Kahlo 271;Levine 135; Miller 258-9; patriarchy 6; text 262 autobiography: black writers 330; Chicago 140; men 637; Neel 166, 280-7; photography 343; self-portraits 343; valorized 76-7,78 autoeroticism 381,384 avant garde 111,117,370,371,494 Ayres, Gillian 390 d'Azevedo, Warren 226 bachelor machine 379-80 'Bad Girls' exhibition 555, 560 Baddeley, Oriana 264, 270-1 Bailey, Buseje 542, 584—7; Body Politics 585-6 Baker, Houston 337 Bakshi, Neelam 69 Baldwin, James 610,638 Banning, Kass 406, 408-12 baptism 619-20 Baraka, Amiri 327 Baranik, Rudolf 108,282 Bardwell, Leland 424 Barnes, Albert C. 176 Barnett, Viola King 623 Barré, Maurice 172 Barrer, Gertrude 548, 551 Barrett, Michèle 290; artistic production 309, 312; cultural politics 308—13; feminist criticism 308-9 Barrie, Ray 465; 'Master/Pieces' 465; Screen Memories 465 Barthé, Richmond 277nl Barthes, Roland 39, 441; authorship 257-8, 260, 271, 409; cinematic of future 470; hieroglyph 467; mythology 39-40; pleasure/jouissance 469; psychoanalysis 476 basketry 228 Basquiat, Jean-Michel 638 Baudrillard, Jean 372, 509, 510 Bauman, Zygmunt 512, 517 Baxandall, Michael 162 Beard, Derrick 275 Bearden, Romare: The Annunciation 276; Artist with Painting and Model 276; Conjur Woman as an Angel 278n8, 280n21; Dream Images 276; female nude 166, 276-7, 279nl8; Folk Musicians 276; Mamie Cole's Living Room 276; Patchwork Quilt 274—5; pornography 166,277-8n3, 280n21; Storyville 278n8; Susannah at the Bath 280n21; Work Train 274-5, 280n21 Beat Generation 188, 195-6nl0 beauty 300-2,307,566 Beauvoir, Simone de 9, 10, 22-4, 98, 528 Beckmann, Max 552 Bell, Clive 226,252 Belting, Hans 227 Benglis, Lynda 579, 583-4n7 Benveniste, Emile 525 Berg, Anne 592 Berger, John 440 Berland, Jody: academia 78-9; interdisciplinarity 75, 79; subjectivity 75-7; women/ institutions 50, 77-8; work stress 50, 80-1; writing on body 81-3 Bernier, Isabelle: art/craft 10; art/social connotation 41-3; women's status 43 Index 691 Bess, Forrest 540, 547, 553 Bey, Khalil 247 Beyond the Purloined Image exhibition 374-5 biblical imagery, quilts 614-23 Bilby, Kenneth 598 biography 142-3, 145, 549-50, 637 biological determinism 19-20, 381,535 biology: cellular process 319-20; female body 432, 524 biotechnology 380 Bird, Isabella 191,192 Birkbeck College 68 Birkett, Dea 191, 192 Biswas, Sutapa 391 black aesthetics: Edmondson 291, 326-31, 334-6; feminist aesthetics 329-31; hooks 327; Jameson 337 black Americans: see African- Americans black artists 63-4, 67nl5, 166, 274—7; see also African- American art; black womar artists Black Arts Movement 327,328-9 black feminist art history i 218; art criticism 224-31; art history 224—31; discourse 219-20; essentialism 221; hooks 218; social construction 221-2 black feminist criticism 164, 225, 226-8 black feminists 220-1, 222, 223— 4 Black Mountain School 638 black women: body 166, 275, 542; elders 609; feminism 333; God 600, 605, 623; lesbians 222, 585; marginalization 443; nude 274-5, 276, 277nl; STOP 603; visibility 220, 576 black women artists 57-9; black feminist theory 223—4; Cliff 599, 605, 612-23; constructionism 220-1 ; disempowerment 222; High 216-17, 222-4; identity 231; lesbians 222; Lippard 242-3; Powers 612-23; Saar 60, 599, 603; USA 57-9; visibility 59, 216-17; white art historian 209; see also WSABAL black writers 328-9, 330 Blackman, Barbara 437 Blake, William 275 blasphemy 591 Blesh, Rudi 547-8 Bloch, Alice 91 Bloch, Iwan • 173 Block magazine 264 Bloomsbury formalism 252 Blum, Andrea 47-8 body: appearance 432; art 143, 578, 579, 595-4; black 166, 275, 542; ego 566; essentialism 530-1; fetishism 274; fluids 564; Foucault 568; lesbian •542; meanings 81, 530-1; procreation 21-2, 23; reading 81, 82; sexuality 265; subjectivity 76; video 344, 384—6; women artists 524-5; written 81-3; see also female body; nude body art "573n 1,578, 593-4 The Body in Representation Conference 68, 69-70, 73 bodybuilding 567-8 Bogan, Louise 284 Boland, Eavan 417, 418, 423, 428 Bonheur, Rosa 141, 200 Boone, Sylvia Ardyn 275 Booth, Wayne 518 Bordo, Susan 193 Borsa, Joan 165-6; authorship 257-60; female subjectivity 260-6; Kahlo 261-72; locations/framing 266-72 Bosnian War 443, 507, 510, 516, 517-18 Bourdieu, Pierre 322-3 Bourgeois, Louise 578-9 bourgeois art history 251,254 Bovenschen, Silvia 290, 298-307; feminist aesthetics 298-307; feminist public spheres 302-3; language 300; male perceptions 301, 302; pre-aesthetics 304-7 Bowery Boys 238 Box Car Bertha 196nl6 Boylan, Clare 425 Bradford, Sarah 618-19 Braidotti, Rosi 380, 396, 398 Brathwaite, Edward 328 Brecht, Bertolt 357 Breeskin, Adelyn 205 Brenson, Michael 59, 66nl0 Breton, André 267 Britain: art education 210; art theory 51; Arts Council 592; historiography 51; Women 2000 68; Women in Profile 68, 69 British Board of Film Classification 155 Brodsky, J. 205 Ni Brolcháin, Muireann 422 Brooks, Romaine 200 Broude, Norma 3, 4 Broudy, H. S. 225 Brown, John 618-19 Bryant, Anita 90 Bryson, Norman 163, 179, 481 Buddhism 18 Burg, Kathleen 90 Bürgin, Victor: and Kelly 344, 373; male sexuality 465; meaning/image 470; Olympia 465; representation 441,460, 461-2, 468-9; Tales from Freud 465; UK 76 465; Zoo 465 Burnham, Jack 110 Burstall, Tim 437 Burton, John 344 Busia, Abena 217, 233n8 Butler, Judith 398, 552 Butler, Octavia 398 Byron, Catharine 418 CalArts, Los Angeles 290; Feminist Art Program 10, 52- 3, 125-6 Cameron, Dan 442, 501-2; 'Post-feminism' 496 Cameron, Julia Margaret 143 camp 501, 541, 552 Camp, Maxime du 247 Campbell, T. D. and C. I. 119 Canada: art 152-4; 'Drawing the Line' 490-1; feminist art 346; Kiss & Tell art collective 490-1; La Centrale 52, 123-4; marginalization 406, 408, 412; Montréal Polytechnique 52, 123-4; national identity 406; Vancouver Art Gallery conversations 369-77; women's video 385 Canaday, John 365, 547 canon: art history 227-8; black feminist criticism 227-8; feminist aesthetics 329; feminist theory 1, 5; gender 46, 318; humanism 496-7; patriarchy 5 692 Index Carby, Hazel 220-1, 333 Caribbean aesthetic 327-8 Carter, Angela 263-4 cartography 482-3 Cash, Stephanie 164, 237-44 Cassady, Carolyn 188 Cassatt, Mary 6, 15, 141, 145 castration theory 441 censorship: Chicago 148, 149; Douglas 154-7; film 155-6; House Unamerican Activities Committee 108; Mapplethorpe 59, 147-8, 149, 150, 509; nude 156; political 54, 157-61; Rochdale Art Gallery 157-61; Santoro 537; Schneemann 53, 147-52; women's movement 53 La Centrale, Montreal 52, 123— 4 ceramics 41-2 Césaire, Aimé 327 Cézanne, Paul 176 Chadwick, Helen 540 Chadwick, Whitney 2; essentialism/constructionism 443-4; essentialism/ poststructuralism 524-6; feminist art 523; feminist art history 5,527 Charcot, Jean-Martin: Deformities and Maladies in Art 482; The Demonic in Art 482; hysteria 135, 441, 480-2, 483, 484-5; photographs 484 chastity 566-7,569 Chatwin, Bruce 185, 188, 568 Chicago, Judy 540; autobiography 140; background 351n3; Birth Project 129; censorship 148, 149; china painting 349; cunts 294; The Dinner Party 111, 342-3, 346-51, 470, 494, 536; feminist art 289; life/work 347; and Lippard 241-2; psychodrama 126; Rabinovitz on 342-3, 346-51; Through the Flower 347; vaginal imagery 294, 576; volunteer helpers 348; Womanhouse 52-3, 125; women's community 129 Chicago Woman's Building 145 childbirth metaphor 320-1, 382— 3 children/ritual 268 Chilean art 265, 376 China: Buddhism 18; Cultural Revolution 430; national identity 429-30 china painting 346, 349 Chodorow, Nancy 26, 27, 190 Christie, Ella 192 Chrysalis magazine 91,140 civil rights/feminism 497 Civil Rights Movement 602, 609 Cixous, Hélène: authorship 526; female body 633, 634; 'The Laugh of the Medusa' 589, 627-35; non-identity 507-8; women's writing 329; writing 329, 627-35 Clark, Kenneth 541,564,565,567 class: aesthetics 173; art 446-7, 639-40; difference 51; feminism 52; politics 638; socialization 353; stereotypes 354; subjectivity 336-7; women artists 143 Cliff, Michelle 5, 589; black women artists 599, 605, 612— 23; Powers 612-23; Saar 599, 603 Clifford, James 184, 185, 186 clothes/image 135-6, 453, 457- 8, 484-5 Coetzee, J. M. 518 cognitive mapping 184, 186-7 Cohen, Arthur 202 Cohen, Stanley 190 collage 115-16, 128, 129, 570-1 collective actions 6, 105, 134, 307; feminist aesthetics 307 collective art 242, 626-7 collectivism 88-9, 98-100, 101 College Art Association 201-2; 2001 conference 5 Collins, Desmond 248 colonialism 421, 424, 426, 436-7 Colored Woman's Manifesto of Art and Politics 521 colour/nature 315 coloured women artists: see black women artists commodification: art 109; culture 358-9; difference 640; female body 502; feminist art 10; Kahlo 263—4; queer culture 555-6 communication 72 computer technology 345 conceptual art 109, 117, 128 conferences 68-73 Connor, Bruce 127 consciousness-raising 50-1, 85- 6, 639 Constantinides, Kathy 500 construction 530-1; femininity 301-2, 454-5, 535-6; language 420-8; see also social construction constructionism: black women artists 220-1; essentialism 443-4, 528-31, 533n3, 544-5 contextualism 225,226 cooking/gender 26,42 Cooper, Anna Julia 230 Copjec, Joan 411, 480-1, 483 Le Corbusier 169, 174 Corinne, Tee 541; The Cunt Coloring Book 537; 'Non-traditional Portraits' 559 Cornell, Joseph 547 Cortor, Eldzier 276 cosmetics 173 cosmopolitanism 515 costume, Kahlo 269-70 Cottingham, Laura 559 Courbet, Gustave 141; The Artist's Studio 248; The Burial at Omans 248; L'origine du monde 165, 245-50; patriarch 248; The Stonebreakers 248; Woman with White Stockings 579; The Wrestlers 247 Coventry, Virginia 215 Cowman, Roz 424, 428 crafts: as art 10, 228-9, 348-9; domestic 42-3, 304; traditional 346 Craig, Kate 384 Cranach, Lucas 542 creation myth 620, 621 creativity: culture 524; gender 300; mythology 591; religion 588; time for 636; women 287, 589, 626-7; working process 450-1 criticism: see art criticism; cultural criticism Cronin, Patricia 541, 558 cross-cultural study 186 cross-dressing 192,432 Crow society 19 Cuban art 627 Cubism 176 Cudjoe, Selwyn 330 Culler, Jonathan 185 Cullwick, Hannah 143, 145-6n4 cultural criticism 184—5, 214-15, 233nl3 Index 693 cultural industries 53 cultural politics 209-10, 308-13 cultural theory 82, 188, 211, 263 culture 313n 1 ; activism 347-8; African-American 598; anthropology 10; art 12-13, 117, 212, 308-12, 369; artefacts 212, 477; commodification 358-9; creativity 524; Eurocentrism 535; gender 13-14, 25-6; hierarchy 274; identity 413; Ireland 425-6; nature 10, 20-1, 25, 29-31, 37-8, 593, 594, 595, 596; otherness 9; patriarchy 2-3; sexuality 14 culture wars 53, 373 cunts: Chicago 294; feminist art 294, 297, 298; sculpture 542; as symbol 582; Wilke 542, 576, 580-1, 583; see also vaginal imagery cyberfeminism 345, 396-7, 399— 401 Cyberfeminist International, Kassel 401-3 cybergrrl-ism 345,398-9 cyborgs 513 Dabydeen, David 275 Dadaism 112,452 Daly, Mary 524 Damon, Betsy 50, 85 dances 121, 145 Danto, Arthur C. 434, 442, 499- 500 Darden, Carole and Norma Jean 611 David, Jacques-Louis 141 Davies, Carol Boyce 331 Davies, Hunter 393, 394 Davis, Angela 329 Dawè, Gerald 421 Dawkins, Heather 394 decadence/decoration 172 deconstruction: Derrida 531-2; essentialism 532-3; femininity 525; feminist art 593; history 254; phallocracy 323; photography 354-5 decoration 169; architecture 169; art 168, 171-2,175, 524; cosmetic 173; decadence 172; domestic environment 176-7; Kahlo 269-70; Malraux 174, 175, 176; use differences 128 Deepwell, Katy 210-11 ; feminism/modernism 344; feminism/painting 210-11; painting/modernism 388-92; women artists 388-92 definition/negation 427 Degas, Edgar 141 Delacroix, Eugène 141 Delaunay, Sonia 202 Deleuze, Gilles 187, 195n6, 380, 384 Delhi, Kari i 78, 80 Derrida, Jacques: deconstruction 531-2; framing 541, 564, 565— 6; Kant 322; Old Testament 45; presence 525 desire: lesbian 545; male 248, 249, 379-80,413-15 deviance 121 Ni Dhomhnaill, Nuala 422, 423, 424 Diamond, Arlyn 75, 79 Dickinson, Emily 638 Dienes, Sari 550 difference 38-9; art/artist 59- 60; class 51; collectivism 101; commodification . 640; gender 4, 5, 9; historically defined J 525; innate 27-8; patriarchy 98, 100; pride ir 576; race 4; representation 541; sexual 38-40, 459, 463, 475, 478, 547, 580; between women 51 Difference: On Representation and Sexuality exhibition 134-5, 373-4,375,441,459-60 digital imaging techniques 383 Dijkstra, Bram 593 Dirnen, Muriel 580 disability 562-4; artists 541; photography 563-4 disaffirmative practices 370-1 discourse: black feminist art history 219-20; dominance 219; Eagieton 217; erotic 578-9; High 217—20; speech 218; subjectivity 525; universalizing 4—5; violence 179 disempowerment 72,222 (Dis)parilies exhibition 391 displacement 431 dispossession 407 dissing 507, 512 distancing: art criticism 113; intimacy 114;self-referentiality 115 Dokumenta (1987) 538-9 Dokumenta (1992) 538, 559 domestic environment 25, 176-7, 349; crafts 42-3, 304 domination: discourse 219; heterosexuaiity 37-9,222; languages 233n8; male 310; patriarchy, 496-7 Douglas, Anna , 54, 154—7 Douglas, Mary 541, 564, 565 Douglass, Frederick 607 drag 552 Drawing Center panel 560 Drawing the Line exhibition, Canada 490-1 Driskell, David 226 Du Bois, W. E. В. 327, 330, 607, 609 Du Plessis, Rachel Blau 330-1 Dubreuil-Blondin, Nicole 442, 493-5 Duchamp, Marcel 344, 379, 380, 579 Duffy, Mary 541, 562-4 Duncan, Carol 200 Duncan, Robert 638 Dürer, Albrecht 483, 541; Draughtsman Drawing a Nude 569 Durham, Edith 191 Eagieton, Terry 217, 218, 222-3, 312 Eastern Art Report 159 Eberhardt, Isabelle 191, 192 écriture feminine 391, 526, 528 Edelson, Mary Beth: goddess 595; Goddess Head 595-6; letter to McEvilley 588-9, 592-7 Edgerton, Samuel 482 Edmondson, Belinda: black aesthetics 291,326-31,334—6; feminist aesthetics 325-6, 329—31; feminist public sphere 331-4; poststructuralism 334— 6; subjectivity /Marxism 336— 8 education 26, 53, 145, 225; see . also art education; art schools Educational Alliance, Figurative . Artists' Group • 293 Edwards, Sandy 438 ego/body 566 Egyptian art 171 Eins, Stefan 114 Ejagham people 613, 614 694 Index elders, black women 609 elitism 71-2,111 Elle 264 emancipation 622 embroidery 41 Emin, Tracy 162 Enloe, Cynthia 188, 189 erotica: collections 247; feminism 580; lesbian imagery 491-2; lesbian photography 489, 559; male gaze 540; Nochlin 575; Wilke 578-9; women 381,575-7 eroticism 149, 151-2 essentialism: black feminist art history 221; body 530-1; constructionism 443—4, 528— 31, 533n3, 544-5; deconstruction 532-3; discriminatory 539; femininity 528; feminism 510; Fuss 337-8, 443^1, 544- 5; Heath 83nl, 531; historicism 529, 532; poststructuralism 524—6; Sheela-na-gig figures 535; Spivak 83nl, 263, 444, 531, 536, 538; strategic 444, 536, 538 ethics: postmodernism 511-12; universalism 442-3, 511, 512 ethnography 407,436 ethnomusicology 598 etiquette 145 Ettinger, Bracha 391 Eurocentrism 218-19,232n2, 325, 535 Euroethnicism 49-50, 58-61, 63, 65, 67-8n22 European Muslims 406-7, 430-3 everyday life, resistance 190 exogamy 25 exotica 172 Expressionism 141; see also Abstract Expressionism fascist art 113 Feldman, E. 225, 253 Felski, Rita 291, 326; aesthetics/ ideology 332; feminist public sphere 331—4, 335; subjectivity 332 female body: de Beauvoir 22-4; biological functions 432, 524; boundaries 566; Cixous 633, 634; commodification 502; disability 562-4; fetishism 135, 464; framing 565-6; Greenham Common 121-2; imagery 449; Lippard 580; mirror images 569; patriarchy 525; performance art 448-9; representations 540, 541, 568— 9; Saville 394—5; subjectivity 558; unidealized 558; validation 580; video 385; Wilke 578 feminine, writers of 589 femininity 308; art criticism 162; beauty 300-2; construct 301-2, 454-5, 535-6; craft 10; deconstruction 525; essentialism 528; Freud 301; image 456; machine 380; masculinity 308,457-8; men 632-3; nature 300; professional 71; representations 307-8; skill 450; social construction 100, 101, 134, 306—8; Williamson 441 feminism 200,397-8,411-12; academy 6, 50; art 4, 107, 636-7; art history 164-5, 251-2, 254, 255, 369-70; art schools 133; black feminists 220-1, 222, 223-4; black women 333; civil rights 497; class 52; commitment 68; creative production of women 253; critical theory 498; cultural politics 308-12; Danto 499- 500; depoliticized 442; erotica 580; essentialism 510; feminist art 368; interdisciplinarity 79; Internet 401; Jameson 497; Lippard 239-40; marginalization 406; media 505n8; modernism 4, 133, 136, 344, 389, 493; multicultural 405, 430-1; Owens 500; painting 372, 390; patriarchy 2-3, 49, 210-11; politics 97; postmodernism 496, 501, 509; poststructuralism 523; psychoanalytic theory 441; race 329-30, 333-4; radical 99; religion 588-90; representation 469-70; sexuality 477-8; subjectivity 332, 449; travel 187-9; women artists 640; see also feminist theory feminist aesthetics 298-307; alternative 322-3; black aesthetics 329-31; Bovenschen 298—307; canon 329; collective actions 307; Edmondson 325-6, 329-31; Eurocentrism 325; feminist theory 317-19; Hein 316-19; Irigaray 290, 313-16; Kramer 289-90, 292-3; Lippard 241;Mainardi 296; USA 325 feminist art 3, 128; aesthetics 289; appearance 432; art criticism 318-19, 496; Canada 346; Chadwick 523; Chicago 289; commodification 10; cunts 294, 297, 298; deconstruction 593; disability 562-4; exhibitions 318; feminism 368; Firestone 298; Greer 366; intention/ response 342, 525; Kelly 343-4; Kramer 292-3; Lippard 133, 211; Mainardi 289-90, 295-6; mother-daughter relationship 135; Neel 292; non-figurative paintings 297; other 292—3; pain 313-14; personal/ political 107, 342-3; Pollock 134—8, 343-4; postmodernism 133; realism 297; sexuality 134-5; Stein 290, 297-8; suppressed 150; transgressive 136-7; women's movement 111; see also Feminist Art Program feminist art criticism 2, 140-1, 144-5, 165, 231, 299; black 164, 225, 226-8 feminist art history: Australia 3; Chadwick 5, 527; ideology 527; life/work 263; Marxism 142; see also black feminist art history Feminist Art Journal: aesthetic bias 203; feminist texts 140; historical women artists 202; male critics 200; Nemser 200, 201, 202, 203-4; women artists 199, 200, 202-3, 204-6 Feminist Art Program: CalArts, Los Angeles 10, 52-3, 125-6; Fresno 52; Harper 126-30; Wilding 127 feminist criticism 308-9 feminist magazines 200-1, 374 feminist public sphere 302-3, 331-4, 335 Index 695 Feminist Studio Workshop 89-90, 91 feminist theory: canon 1, 4, 5; essentialism/constructionism 533n3; feminist aesthetics 317-19; France 391, 526; gendered subject 132; Hein 290-1,316-17, 319-23; patriarchy 2-3; pluralism 290-1,316-17 'femmages' 128 Fernandes, Joyce 549 Fernier, Robert 246 fetishism: body 274; female body 135, 464; photography 356; representation 463; of women 537 fiction/narrative 466 Fierce Pussy Collective 560 fierceness 602-3 figurative art 345, 375-6, 391-2 Figurative Artists' Group, Educational Alliance 293 film censorship 155-6 film criticism 233nl2, 545 film screen 383 Fine, Perle 550 Finley, Karen 149 Firestone, Shulamith: The Dialectic of Sex 9; feminist art 298; women artists 9, 14, 15- 16; women/culture 13-14 Fischer Fine Art 157-8 Fisher, William 608-9 Flack, Audrey 202 Flax, Jane 578 Fleming, Marie 406, 409-12 Flemming, Paulette 225 flower painting 41, 206, 576, 579, 583n7 flying as gesture 634 Foley, Fiona 407; Badtjala Woman 436, 437, 438; 'The Concept of the Country' 434; curator 407, 434-5; Givid Woman and Mrs Fraser 437-8; • 'Lick my Black Art' 434-5; Lost Badtjalas, Severed Hair 437; Native Blood 438; Native Hybrid 438; nude 436-9; 'Perspecta' 438; 'Tywerabowarryaou, I Shall Never Become a White Man' 434 folk art 174, 228, 229 Fon of Dahomey 613-14,618,619 Fonda, Jane 568 The Forest of Signs exhibition 374 formalism 226, 252, 493, 494, 495 Foster, Hal 134, 371, 389 Foucault, Michel: body 568; death of author 257-8, 409; Habermas 514; knowledge 218-19; power 155, 525; sexuality 462 framing: bodybuilding 567-8; Derrida 541, 564, 565-6; female body 565-6; location 266-72 Frampton, Ken 372 Frank, Peter 206 Frankenthaler, Helen 390, 493 Fraser, Eliza 437-8 Fraser, Nancy 79 Fraser, Valerie 264, 270-1 Fraser Island 437-8 French feminist theory 391, 526 Freud, Lucien 162 Freud, Sigmund: ego/body 566; femininity 301; hysteria 481; Leonardo 474-5, 478; penis envy 42, 542, 576, 577; sexual difference 475; sexuality 441, 462-3, 476, 582; visual 441 . Fried, Michael 493 Fried, Nancy 90, 91 Friedman, B. H. 548 Friedman, Susan Stanford 320-2 Frith, Gill 75 Frow,John 185 Frueh, Joanna: erotica 578-9; female nude 579-80, 582-3; ' feminism 57; pornography ' 580-1; on Wilke 542, 578-83; Witting 581-2 Fry, Gladys-Marie 229 Fry, Roger 171, 226, 252 functionalism 225,226 Fusco, Coco 406-7, 430-3 Fuss, Diana: essentialism/ constructionism 221, 337-8, 443-4, 528-31, 544-5; Essentially Speaking 550; poststructuralism 531—3 Futurist Painters Manifesto : 169 Gabo, Naum 169 Gallop, Jane 504 Gambetta, 247 Ganadilla, Terry 434 Garden of Eden myth 619 Gardner, Louise 481 Garrard, Mary D. 3, 4, 6 Gates, Henry Louis Jr 291; black signifier 219, 330; identity 514; literary theory 334-5; poststructuralism 291,326, 336; The Signifying Monkey 335 Gay Liberation Movement 557 gay men artists 547, 548, 555-6 Gayle, Addison 327 gaze: male 463, 468, 540, 562-3, 595; reversed 449; voyeuristic 276 gender: academy 70, 71, 78-9; art 47-8, 144, 295-6, 589; art history 73, 140; art production 310-13; de Beauvoir 98; canon 46, 318; creativity 26, 42,300, 305-6, 308-9; culture 13-14, 25-6; difference 4, 5, 9; education 26; Euroethnicism 63; identity 45-6, 81, 406, 510; intellectuals 210; machines/technology 344, 396-7; meat-eating 153-4; patriarchy 150; personality 27-8; politics , 638; power relations 138; race 60; social construction 98; status 28-9, 43; subjectivity 11, 132, 459, 461; technology 377-8; tradition 367; transgression 53-4, 152; travel 184—5, 187— 91,192-3 gender roles 9, 23, 26, 27 Genet, Jean 589, 633 genital images: context 539; feminist art 576-7; Irigaray 583; phallus ' 582; pornography 537-8, 580-1; Rose 537, 541- 2; Sheela-na-gig figures 444, 534—5; vaginas 350-1, 384, 386, 537-8, 541-2, 559, 577-8; video 384-6; vulva 536-7, 582; see also cunts genius 323 genre 143, 144 Gentileschi, Artemisia 6 Géricault, Theodore 481-2 German Expressionism 141 ghettoization 67nl5, 145; see also marginalization Giacometti, Alberto 552 Gibson, Ann: Abstract Expressionism 550-1, 553; on Parsons - 540-1, 546-7, 550-1, 553 696 Index Ginotti, Giacomo 275 Glasgow conference 68, 69, 72-3 Gleizes, Albert 172, 176 God: black women 600, 605, 623; masculinity 601-2; women 623; Yoruba 611— 12 goddess: African 603-5,611-12; Edelson 595, 597nl; lesbians 91, 93; Schneemann 593; spirituality 18, 588; women as 315, 588, 597nl; Yoruba 611— 12 goddess artists 593, 595 Godfrey-Isaacs, Laura 390, 540 Goldmann, Lucien 75 Goncourt, Edmond de 247 Gordon, Mary 190 graffiti 67-8n22, 308, 465 Grandy Nanny 598-600 Greenberg, Clement: folk art 174; formalism 226, 252; kitsch/avant-garde 370; Lippard on 240; Pollock 494; purity 170 Greene, Gayle 329 Greenham Common women 52, 118-22, 371, 563 Greer, Germaine 366 Griffin, Susan 524 Grossberg, Lawrence 184, 187, 195n7 group-identity art 242 Grover, Jan Zita: 'Dykes in Context' 486-7, 489; positive images 441-2, 486-9; scarcity problematic 489-92; self-representation 560 Grundberg, Andy 502-3, 506n25 Grunebaum, Gustave von 171 Guattari, Félix 380, 384 Guerrilla Girls 538-9 Guggenheim, Peggy 547 Haacke, Hans 344, 373 Habermas, Jürgen 514 Hackney Flashers Collective 360nl Hadjinicolaou, Nicos 251 Halévy, Ludovic 247 Hall, Lee 549-50,551-2 Hamilton, George Heard 140 Hammond, Harmony: Corinne 559; Cronin 559; history of lesbian art 555-7; Leonard 559; lesbian artists 541, 557-60; queer exhibitions 555-6, 560; queer theory 559-60; Semmel 558 Hansberry, Lorraine 599, 602, 607, 609, 610, 638 Haraway, Donna 398,513 Harding, Sandra 320, 326 Hare, Maud Cuney 608-9 Harlem Renaissance 276, 327 Harman, Lesley 193 Harper, Paula 52, 53, 126-30 Harris, Ann Sutherland 141 Harrison, Margaret 391 Hartigan, Anne le Marguard 421, 424, 427 Hatvany, Baron Francis 246-7 Hawarden, Lady Clementina 143 Hayes, H. R. 576 Hayward Gallery 267, 358 Heath, Stephen: essentialism 83nl, 531; narrative 466,467; representation 460,463; sexuality 441,462 Hegel, G. W. К 45 Heidegger, Martin 45, 344, 378 Heilbrun, Carolyn 287 Hein, Hilde 290-1; aesthetics of theory 322-3, 324n7; childbirth metaphor 321-2; feminist aesthetics 316-19; feminist theory 290—1, 316— 17, 319-23; Keller 319-20 Helms, Jesse 58, 147, 148 Henry, Clare 395 Hepworth, Barbara 537 Herald Review 395 Heresies collective 51, 88-9, 140, 163, 198-9, 593 Herodotus 275 Herrera, Hayden 262-3, 264, 269 Hertz, Neil 246,249 Hesse, Eva 202, 494, 579 heterosexuality 10, 37-9, 40, 222 hierarchy: art 41, 168, 171-2, 174-5; culture 274; language 274 Higgins, Rita Ann 423 Higgs,J. 119 High, Freida (Wasikhongo Tesfagiorgis) 5; black feminism 220-4; black feminist criticism 164, 225, 226-8; black women artists 216-17, 222-4; discourse 217- 20 Hiller, Susan 343, 365-8 Hills, Patricia: Neel's autobiography 283—4 Himid, Lubaina 208, 209, 390 Hirsch, Joseph 169 historicism/essentialism 529, 532 historiography 51, 541, 555-6 history: African-American art 224-5; deconstruction 254; difference 523; gender 45; racism 208; semiotics 254; women 208 Hitler, Adolf 177 Hobbs, Robert 206 Hoffman, Katherine 204 Hofmann, Hans 540, 547 Hogarth, William 275 Holder, Jo 3 Holiday, Billie 609, 624n23 Holland, Juanita 275, 279nl6 Hollier, Denis 246 Holzer, Jenny 115, 540 homelessness 193 homophobia 90,92 homosexuality 100, 501; see also gay men artists; lesbians hooks, bell 2, 4; black aesthetics 327; black feminist art history 218; cultural criticism 233n 13; leisure time 635; speech 217-18; white feminists 333; 'Women Artists: The Creatr" Process' 589-90; writing 635-6 House Unamerican Activities Committee 108 Hughes, Langston 327 humanism 175-6,496-7 Hume, David 171 Hunt, Holman 255 Hunter, Alexis 525 Hurston, Zora Neale 613, 617— 18 Huxley, Aldous 176 Huyssen, Andreas 391, 442, 501 hysteria: Charcot 135, 441, 480- 2, 483, 484-5; Freud 481; Isaak 480-1; mimesis 483; photography 135, 481; psychoanalysis 480-1; representations 441 ICA (Institute of Contemporary Art) 163,207-12 identity: appearance 433; art world 99; black women artists 231; culture 413; displacement Index 697 431; feminine 191; gender 45-6, 81, 406, 510; gender roles 27; images 453, 484-5; individual/collective 50; Irish women 417-19, 421-2, 425, 428; lesbians 489, 545, 549, 550; marginal 260-1; multiple 542; naming 417-18; narrative 467; national 3-4, 406, 429- 30; performative 553; post-essential 514; psychic 476; queer 489,492; racial 538; sexual 465, 475, 545; Spivak 507; subjectivity 45-6, 252, 266-7; women's movement 405 identity politics 507, 545, 572 ideography 614 ideology 441; aesthetics 332; feminist art history 527; gendered subject 459; patriarchy 97; representations 251-2, 460-2 image: clothes 135-6, 453, 457— 8, 484-5; embodiment 451-3; femininity 456; identity 453, 484—5; juxtaposition 452; Kahlo 266-7; lesbian 486-7, 491-2; meaning 470; mirror 383-4, 569; other 353; popular 135; positive 441-2, 486-9; sexuality 477; subjective 487; see also visual images imagery 449, 451-3; biblical 614-23; female 30,241-2, 344, 391, 537; female body 449; flowers 41, 206, 576, 579, 583n7; lesbian 491; religious 229-30; representation 440, 577-8; ritual 596; sexual 17nl, 585; see also genital images Immergluck, Sharon 90, 91 imperialism 222 Impressionist School 15, 141, 175 incest taboo 25 Ingham, John M. 30 initiation rites 24-5 Institute of Contemporary Art 163, 207-12 institutions/women 50, 77-83 INTAR Gallery, Manhattan 58 intellectuals: Australia 214; black 335; gender 210; postmodern 517; productivity 82 intentionality 366,477-8 interdisciplinarity 75,79 intermediacy 29-30 International Association of Women Artists 69 Internet 399—100,401 intertextuality 254,509 Ireland 4; culture 425-6; mythology 424,427; patriarchy 414; Sheela-na-gig figures 444, 534-5, 539; see also Anna Livia Plurabelle\ Irish women Irigaray, Luce: authorship - 526; female writing 329; feminine imagery 344, 391; feminist aesthetics 290, 313-16; gender/history 45; genitalia 583; interview 10—11, 44—6; machines 381; male signifying 485; sexuality 44, 383—4, 470; 'This Sex which is Not One' 582; women painters 390 Irish Museum of Modern Art: Sheéla-na-gig figures 534-5, 539 Irish women: culture 413; identity 1421—2, 425, 428; naming 415-16 ironist 513, 515 irony 113, 114,287,442-3, 509 Isaak, Jo Anna: Charcot 480-2, 483; hysteria 441, 480—1, 483- 5 Iskin, Ruth 89 Islamic art 171 175 Jackson, Harry - 548 Jackson, Irene V. -598,601,609 Jamaica: black churches 604; • lesbians 586; Windward Maroons 598-600 James, C. L. R. 605-7, 607 James, David 150, 152 Jameson, Fredric: black aesthetics 337; cognitive mapping 184, 186-7; feminism 497; Marxist critique 291, 326, 337; The Political Unconscious 336-7; sightseeing 185 Janet, Pierre 480 Janson, H. W. 174 Januszczak, Waldemar 457 Jardine, Alice 531 Jaudon, Valerie: art hierarchy 168-9, 174-5, 176-7; autocracy 177-8; decoration 168, 176-7; humanism 175-6; language 162, 168; purity 170-1; racism 172, 173; sexism 173; war art 169; Western art 171-2 Jehlen, Myra 320 jewellery 41 Johnson, Barbara 217-18, 515 Johnson, Bufifie 550 Johnson, Joyce 188 Johnson, William H. 276 Jolicoeur, Nicole 441, 483-4 Jones, Allen 537 Jones, Amelia 442; Body Art 541; Cameron 496, 501-2; Danto ; 499—500; Grundberg 502-3, 506n25; Huyssens 501; Kelly 498; Kusama 570—4; Kuspit 503-4; Owens 500; post-feminism 442 Jones, Ernest 528 Jones, Hettie 188 Joseph, Gloria I.'. 609 jouissance 469 Joyce, James 406, 413, 589 Kahlo, Frida: art magazines 264; authorship 271; background 261; Borsa on 261-72; childlessness 268; commodification 263-4; costume 269-70; cultural parameters 267-8; decoration 269-70; A Few Small Nips 268; Herrera biography 262— 3, 264, 269; image manipulation 266-7; life/work 263; Mexico 267, 268, 271; Mulvey and Wollen on 139, 143, 264—6; My Nurse and I 270-1; other 270; pain 268; painting 638-9; same-sex relationships 262, 272n9; self-portraits 261— 2, 263, 266, 270-1; Suicide of Dorothy Hale 269; Surrealism 267; travelling exhibition 264— 5 Kahn, Coppelia 329 Kamuf, Peggy 531 Kandinsky, Wassily 141, 177 Kaplan, Caren 194 Kappeler, Susanne: on Bryson 163, 178-83;rape 163, 179-83 Karadzic, Radovan 516,517 Kassel, Cyberfeminist International 401-3 Kelber, Jodi 560 Keller, Evelyn Fox 319-20 698 Index Kelly, Mary 135, 540; art education 372-3; Artist's Union 50, 87; and Burgin 344, 373; context for art 376- 7; conversation with Pollock 369-77; feminism/modernism 389; feminist art 343-4; feminist practices 369-70; Interim 484-5; modernism 133—4, 389; oppositional . postmodernism 371-2; Postpartum Document 464,485; 'Re-viewing Modernist Criticism'. 498; subjectivity 441; women in history 208 Kent, Adaline 550 Kent, Sarah (interview) 365-8 Kerouac, Jack 188 Kerr, Joan 3 Kidron, Biban 120 Kienholz, Edward 127 Kingsley, Mary 191, 192 Kipnis, Laura 505n8 Kirchner, Ludwig 141, 391 Kiss & Tell art collective 490-1 kitsch/avant garde 370,371 Kliever, Lonnie 517 knowledge 45, 218, 434 Kolbowski, Silvia 135 Kollwitz, Käthe 140, 141 Kongo cross 616-17 de Kooning, Willem 170, 342, 548;,, Kosuth, Joseph 175 Kozloff, Joyce: art hierarchy 168-9, 174—5, 176-7; autocracy 177-8; decoration 168, 176-7; feminism 200; humanism 175-6; language 162, 168; purity 170-1; racism 172, 173; sexism 173; war art 169; Western art 171-2 Kozloff, Max 238 Kramer, Hilton 58, 175 Kramer, Marjorie 289-90, 292- 3 Krasner, Lee 390, 494 Krauss, Rosalind 58, 248, 494 Kristeva, Julia: abject 391; art education 344—5; authorship 526; feminism 411-12; happy cosmopolitan 510; ironists 513-14; male ego 190; Reality I and 2 426-7; women artists 390 Kroker, Arthur 412 Kroll, Jack ; 283 Kruger, Barbara 115, 135, 370, 389, 469, 503, 540 Kuhn, Annette 155-6 Kumin, Maxine 287 Kuramitsu, Kris 571, 572 Kusama, Yayoi: 'Body Festivals' 574n 12; collage 570-1; identity politics 572; Infinity Net paintings 571; Kusama''s Peep Show - Endless Love Show 571; performance art 570-4; photography 571; as representation . 541, 572; 'Self Obliteration' 574nl2; self-imaging 570-4 ; Kuspit, Donald 58, 442, 503-4 Labowitz-Starus, Leslie 51, 102- 6, 115 Lacan, Jacques 39—40; desire 249; and Freud 459; Imaginary 480; lack/women 464, 467; mirror phase 483; psychoanalytic theory 525; representation 441,482-3; sexual identity 475; sexuality 441, 463; subjectivity 544; Symbolic order 390-1 Lacan, Sylvie Battaille 245-6 lactation 24 Lacy, Suzanne 51, 102-6, 115, 364 Lakoff, Robin 582 Landau, Ellen 282 language 10, 306; academic 300; art theory 162-3; construction 420-8; domination 233n8; gender identity 45-6; hierarchy 274; mobility metaphors 193—4; moral superiority 168; patriarchy 299, 305; philosophy 45; rape discourse 179-80; reality 217; subjectivity 525; : unconscious 476; visual image 477 Lansner, Fay 202 de Lauretis, Teresa 545, 554n27 Lawler, Louise 502 Leed, Eric 189, 190 Leeds University, Social History of Art 138 Léger, Charles 246-7 Leider, Philip 494 leisure time 589-90, 635 Leonard, Zoë 538, 539, 541, 559 Leonardo da Vinci 474—5, 478 lesbian aesthetic 221, 545 Lesbian Art Community 585 Lesbian Art Project 51, 89-96, 92-5 lesbian artists 540, 541; art history 556-7; authenticity 558; Bailey 584-5; exhibitions 556, 557-8; historiography 555-6; 1970s 556, 558; representation 544; sexual images 585; taboo 89 Lesbian Creators Salon 91 lesbian photography 441-2, 489 lesbians: aesthetics 221; black feminists 222, 585; black women artists 222; body 542; butch/femme 489; coming out 90-1; community 90, 94; desire 545; goddess 91, 93; and heterosexuality 40, 560; identity 489, 545, 549, 550; imagery 486-7, 491-2; Jamaica 586; marginalization 540; Parsons 546, 548, 550, 554n27; peership 92; photography 488-9, 559; relationships 93; representations 545, 548, 560; self-identity 486-7; sensibility 51; sexuality 540; subjectivity 545; as threat 100; Wittig 545 Lessing, Doris 15 letter writing 304—5 Lévi-Strauss, Claude 23, 25, 26, - 40, 596, 605-6, 611 Levine, Sherrie 135, 389,391, 503. Lewis, Edmonia ;• 164, 228, 229, 230-1, 277nl Lewis, Samella 226 Lewis, Wyndham 176 liberalism., 100 life/work; 200; Chicago 347; cultural theory 263; feminist art history 263; Wieland 347-8,409-10 light/fire mythology 382 T ippard, Lucy 2, 4; art activism 109-10; art critic • 238-41; art/ politics^, 107-18; black women ; artists ; 242-3; Bowery Boys 238; Cash on : : 237-44; Changing 239; Chicago 241-2; critiqued 164; female body 580; female imagery Z 241-2, 537; feminism Index 699 239^0; feminist aesthetics 241; feminist art 133,211; From the Center 240; on Greenberg 240; Mixed Blessings 238; modernism 388-9; politics 242-3; Pop art 242; radicalism 52; Six Years: The Dematerialization of the Art Object 238-9; on Wieland 406, 408-12; women artists 140-1, 239, 241-2 Lipton, Eunice 639 El Lissitsky 169 literature: black novelists 328-9; black theorists 334—6; modernism 476; Virility School 15, 16; women audience 16; women writers 302-3, 304, 310, 329, 388 Liu, Hung 406, 429-30, 540 location politics 194, 260, 265, 266-72 Locke, Alain 226 Locke, John 530 Lomax, Yve 135, 467-8, 469 Loos, Adolf 170-3 Lord, Francisco 276 Lorde, Audre 222, 558 Los Angeles: rape-murder 51; 102-6, 115; women artists 141 Los Angeles County Museum of Art: Women Artists: 1550-1950 141 Lösche, Diana: on Foley 407,; 433-9; mimesis 407, 434, 435- 6; nude 436-9; racism 435 Lovelace, Ada 399 Lowe, Bia 91 Lowie, Robert 19, 32n2 Lubell, Ellen 199, 201 Lucretia 163, 181-2, 183 Lyon, Lisa 541, 567-8, Lyotard, Jean-François , 212, 372, 380, 596 McCall, Anthony 10 MacCannell, Dean 185, 186, 190 McCarthy, Mary 15 McClintock, Barbara 319, 320 McCoy, Terry 58 McDowell, Deborah 221 McEvilley, Thomas 588-9, 592-7 machines: bachelor machine 379-80; femininity 380; gender 344, 396-7; Irigaray 381; willing machine 378-9, 380 McKenna, Kate 78-9 magic 599-600 Mailer, Norman 15 Mainardi, Pat: feminist art 289- 90, 295-6; Feminist Art Journal 199, 200-1, 202; Women and Art 200-1 Making their Mark: Women Artists Move into the Mainstream 1970- 1985 499 male artists: Danto on 499-500; dominance 294-5; female model 393-4, 569; homosexuals 547, 548, 555-6; Solanas on 12-13 male dominance: art history 310 Malevich, Kasimir 141, 173 Malraux, André 171,172,174, 175, 176 Manifesto exhibition 114-15 Mapplethorpe, Robert: censorship 59, 147-8, 149, 150, 509; Lyon photographs 541, 567-8; retrospective 58 marginalization: black women 443; Canada 406, 408, 412; feminism 406; identity 260- 1; lesbians 540; patriarchy 443; women 122,254,443; women artists 5; see also ghettoization Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso 169 Marsh, Anne 51, 96-101 Marx, Karl 309, 588 Marxism 142; aesthetics 309; archaeology 225-6; art 374; art history 254; black/feminist aesthetics 326; Jameson 337; subjectivity 132, 336-8 masculinity: art 10; art criticism 162; Barrie 465; black 333; and femininity 308, 457-8; social construction 101; travel 188, 190-1; see also men Mashek, Joseph 178 Maslin, Janet 193 massacre, Montréal Polytechnique 52 Mastai, Judith 370, 372 material cultural theory 223, 228 materialism 599-600 Matisse, Henri 176,393-4 matriarchy 19 Mauclair, Camille 175 Mayer, Rosemary 576 Mazia, Violette de 176 Meaney, Gerardine 419 meanings: body 81, 530-1; image 470; self-portraits 360; women 414 meat-eating 153-4 media on feminism 505n8 mediation 214—15 Medici, Marie de 205 Meehan, Paula 420 men: art history 310; autobiography 637; childbirth metaphor 321; femininity 632-3; feminist art 525; pornography 540; as sex objects 577; sexuality 465, 634—5n 1; see also gay men artists; gender; masculinity Mendelsohn, Erich 177 menstruation 19, 22, 384 mentoring 92, 93 metaphors: childbirth 320-1, 382-3; mobility 193-4; monitor screen 382-3; motel 189; slavery 329; space 194; travel 184, 185-6, 189 meteor symbolism 620 Metzinger, Jean 172 Mexico: Kahlo 261-2, 267, 268, 271; women artists 143 Meyer, Ursula 175 Michelangelo 41 Miles, Jeanne 550 Miller, Nancy K. 258-9, 260-1, 287 Milroy, Sarah 53—4, 152-4 mimesis 407,434,435-6,438,483 minor arts 174 mirror images: female body 569; sexuality 383—4 mirror phase, Lacan 483 misogyny 90 Mitchell, Robin 126 mixed media art 389 mobility metaphors 193-4 modernism: art 169, 170-1, 176; art history 165, 251, 252-3; feminism 4, 133, 136, 344, 389, 493; Kelly 133^4, 389; Lippard 388-9; literature 476; painting 375-6, 388-92; Pollock 253,375-6,390; power 177-8; social history of art 369; universalism 512 Modersohn-Becker, Paula 141, 200, 206 Modotti, Tina 139, 143, 264—5 Moi, Toril 442 MOMA 61, 133 700 Index Mona Lisa 301 Mondrian, Piet 141 Monet, Claude 141 monitor screen metaphor 382-3 monotheism 601-2 montage 354-5,467 Montano, Linda 343; Crucifix 361; Erasing the Past 363—4; Garage Talk 362; Handcuff: Linda Montano and Tom Marioni 362; Home Endurance 362; Lying: Dead Chicken, Live Angel 361; Lying in a Crib 363; performance art 361-4; Rose Mountain Walking Club 363; Three Day Blindfold 363 Montreal, La Centrale 52,123-4 Montreal Polytechnique massacre 52, 123-4 Moore, Liz 592 Morgan, David 70, 73 Morgan, Maud 550 Morgan, Robert 67nl3 Morisot, Berthe 15,141 Moroni, Giovanni Battista: 'Chastity' 541, 566-7 Morreau, Jacqueline (interview) 365-8 Morris, Meaghan 187; art/: culture 212; Australian, intellectuals 213, 214; , criticism/theory 163—4, 213— 14; cultural criticism 214—15; painting '' 215; travel metaphor 189 Morrison, Toni 328, 333—4, 601 Morse, Margaret 215 Morton, May 426 Moss, Irene 201, 205 motel metaphor 189 mother-child relationship 28, 315, 632; art -293; childbirth metaphor '/320-1; daughters 93, 135; race - 602-3; sons *24 Motley, Archibald 276 multiculturalism 405,430-1 Mulvey, Laura 2, 441; on Kahlo 139, 143, 264—6; male gaze 463; pleasure 468, 469; .'Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema' 468, 523 Mundine, Djon 434. Murch, Walter 551 Museum of Modern Art, New York 61, 133 music 145,608-9 Muslims in Europe 406-7, 430- 3 Myrdal, Gunnar 576 mystery fiction 83n2 mythology: Barthes 39-40; creation 620, 621; creativity 591; Garden of Eden 619; Ireland 424,427; Lacan 39- 40; light/fire 382 naming 406, 415-18, 446-7 Nana Bukúu 603, 623 narcissism 14, 541, 571, 572, 629- narrative 115, 466-8, 473n50 Natalie Barney Collective 90-1, 91-2 The Nation 499-500 National Endowment for the Arts 58, 509 national identity 3-4, 406, 429-30 nationalism 424 Native Americans 561n3 naturalism 550-2 nature: colour 315; culture 10, 20-1, 25, 29-31, 37-8, 593, 594, 595, 596; femininity 300; women 10, 22-3, 277, 594 NEA: see National Endowment for the Arts Nead, Lynda: boundaries/body 566; chastity 566-7, 569; Clark 564,565; Derrida 564, 565-6; Douglas 564, 565; Dürer 569; The Female Nude 541; framing * 568-9; Mapplethorpe 567-8 Neal, Larry 327 _ Needham, James Bolivar 275 Neel, Alice 6, 166; Ashcan School 281; autobiography 166, 280-7; exhibitions/lectures 282, 284; feminist art 292; Greenwich Village 285; lectures 286; media coverage 282-3; nervous breakdown 284-5; performance 286, 288nl0; politics/art 281; subversive 286-7; women's movement 282 negation/definition 427 Negritudinists 326, 327 Nemser, Chuck 201 Nemser, Cindy: Art Talk 205; Feminist Art Journal 200, 201, 202, 203-4; on Neel 283; resigning from Women and Art 201 Neo-Dadaism 501 Nevelson, Louise 576 New American Art 108-9 new criticism 238 New York Observer 58 The New York Times 59, 365 Newman, Avis 391 Newman, Barnett 174, 541, 547, 549, 551-2 Nicaragua 487 Nietzsche, Friedrich 45, 344, 378, 379, 380 Nin, Anaïs 15 Nitsch, Hermann 154 Nochlin, Linda: on Courbet 245-50; erotica 575; feminist art criticism 2, 140, 141, 165, 231; nude 440 Nolan, Sidney 437 nomadic subjectivity 187, 188, 195n7 non-identity/ postmodernism 508 Norris, Christopher 510 North, Marianne 191 novels, black writers 328-9 nude: black 274-5, 276, 277nl; censorship 156; de-eroticized 413; ethnography 407; female 13, 14-15, 165, 173, 276-7, 525, 565, 578, 579-80, 582-3; Foley 436-9; Frueh 579-80, 582-3; male 13, 14-15, 73, 293, 577; representation . 440; self-portraits 156, 580-1 object-relations theory 27.28 object/text 253-4 Obscene Publications Act 155 obscenity • 509, 537, 591-2 O'Driscoll, Kathleen 424 Oehlrichs, Dorothy 550 O'Faolain, Julia 420 O'Flaherty, Eamonn 421 O'Hare, Hilda 17nl oil painting 41 O'Keeffe, Georgia 206,576, 579, 583^tn7 Oliveros, Pauline 363 Olmec people ' 270-1 Olson, Charles 638 Onians, John 248 oppression: sexual 585;' transgression 406-7,432; women 633; of women by Index 701 women 70-1; women's movement 298 Orr-Cahall, Christina 58 Ortner, Sherry В.: biological determinism 19-20; body/ procreation 21-2, 23; culture/ gender 25-6; culture/nature 20-1, 29-31; feminine symbolism 30-1; gender/ personality 27-8; gender roles 26; initiation rites 24—5; mother-child relationship . '24, 28; nature/culture 10,25; nature/women 10,22-3; women's status 17-19, 28-9, 31 Oshun 604—5,623 Ossorio, Alphonso 540, 547. 549 other: art/artist 59-60; de Beauvoir 10; culture : 9; difference 38; feminist art 292-3; images 353; Kahlo 270; women 523, 526, 535, 578 Oulton, Therese ; 391 Owens, Craig 371, 389, 442, 500 ; Ozenfant, Amédée 170. 172, 174, 177 Packer, William 393 pain 268, 299, 313-14 painting: ex voto 270-1; feminism 210-11, 372,390; figurative 375-6,391-2; Kahlo 638-9; modernism 375-6, 388-92, 390; Morris 215; non-figurative 297; in oils 41; pleasurable feelings 395; Pollock on 375-6, 389-90, 393; theory/practice 211; women artists 388-9, 390 Pajaczkowska, Claire 255, 257n23 Panofsky, Erwin 482 Parallélogramme 52 Park, Priscilla 549 Parker, Rozsika: embroidery 41; Framing Feminism 163, 207- 12; Old Mistresses 10, 525; representation/sexuality 134; The Subversive Stitch 10 Parks, Rosa 600-1 parody 354 Parrent, Joanne 91 Parsons, Betty 540-1; Abstract Expressionism 546-7, 550-1, 553; anti-essentialism : 547; biography 549-50; as lesbian 546, 548, 550, 554n27 - patriarchy: artist 248; authorship 6; black feminists 222; canon 5; culture 2—3; difference 98, 100; domination 496-7; Eurocentric 232n2; female body 525; feminism 2-3,49; gender 150; ideology 97; Ireland 414; Kruger 503; language 299, 305; marginalizing 443; nature/ culture 595; as norm 218— 19; pre-feminist 498; religion 588; vaginal imagery 537; women's status -17-18, 91 Patterson, Orlando - 600 Paz, Octavio 268 peace activists 401 peership 92,93 penis envy 42, 542, 576, 577 People Weekly .193 performance art 389, 446-9; Kusama ~ 570-4; Potter 440- 1, 446-9; representation 440- 1; ritual 106-7; Schneemann 10, 33-4; Wilding 10, 34-7 performativity/identity 553 personal/political 260-6; feminist art 107, 342-3; photography 564; Rosier 51, 95-6; Wieland 410; women's movement 125 personality/gender 27-8 Peru, tapadas 431-2 Petherbridge, Deanna: Art Monthly 158, 159; The Judgement against Rushdie ..157-61;'Themata' 391 Petit Robert 42-3 Pevsner, Antoine 169 phallic symbolism 582 phallocentrism 545 phallocracy 323 phallologocentrism 632 philosophy/language 45 The Phoenix 201 photography: aesthetic strategies 357; anti-painting 369; autobiography 343; Charcot 484; cultural commodity 358— 9; deconstruction 354—5; disability 563-4; feminist art 145, 389; fetishism 356; hysteria 135, 481; Kusama 571; lesbian 441-2, 488-9; parody 354; personal/political 564; pornography 456, 580-1; reading 487-8; representations 359-60; self-construction 353-4, 355-6; Spence 352-60; Wilke 579; women 143 Picasso, Pablo 169 Pindell, Howardena 59 Piper, Adrian 540; Euroethnicism/art history 59-60, 61; Euroethnicism/ postmodernism 61-2, 65; race/identity 538; race/ women artists 49-50, 57-8 Pístalo, Vladimir 517 Plant, Sadie 396, 398-9 Plath, Sylvia 15 pleasure: jouissance 469; Mulvey 468, 469; painting 395; rape 181, 182-3; visual 463, 468-9 Pliny 250 Podro, Michael 225 poetry 507 politics: academic discourse 442- 3; art 51-2, 54, 99, 106, 107- 18, 163, 281, 327, 365, 376, 452, 509-10; censorship 54, 157— 61; class 638; feminism 97; gender 638; intentionality 477-8; Lippard 242-3; location 194, 260, 265, 266- 72; postmodernism 507-8, 513-15, 516-17, 518; race 157-61, 638; sexual 379; taboo 149; writing 163 Pollock, Griselda: art history/ feminism 2, 165; art school 53, 130-9; Cassatt 6; conversation with Kelly 369— 77; death of author 132-3; disaffirmative practices 370-1; embroidery 41; feminist art 134—8, 343—4; feminist art history 252; feminist imagery 537; The Forest of Signs 370; Framing Feminism 163, 207- 12; and Greenberg 494; group exhibitions 373—4; Leeds University 138; life/work 263; modernism 253, 375-6, 390; Old Mistresses 10, 525; painting 375-6, 389-90, 393; women painters 389-90 Pollock, Jackson 390, 494, 540, 547, 548, 549 pollution 21 Pop art 242 702 Index pornography: academic 178-9; Bearden 166,277-8n3, 280n21; ethnography 436; Frueh 580-1; genital images 537-8, 580-1; men/lesbians 540; mimesis 438; photography 456, 580-1; Sjöö 592; women artists 114, 350- 1; women's response 14 Porter, Charles Ethan 275 Porter, James 226, 228 portraiture 143, 145, 488-9; see also self-portraits post-colonialism 186 post-feminism 442, 498, 501-2 postmodernism 133, 495n7, 495n8; artistic practices 389; cognitive mapping 186-7; death of author 259; Deepwell 344; ethics 511-12; Euroethnicism 61-2,65; feminism 496, 501, 509; feminist art 133; non-identity 508; oppositional 371—2; politics 507-8, 513-15, 516- 17, 518; sightseeing 185; subjectivity 511-12,513 poststructuralism: Edmondson 334—6; essentialism 524-6; feminism 523; Fuss 531-3; Gates 291, 326, 336; nomadic subjects 187; race 67nl9; subjectivity 525; visual images 526 Potter, Sally: imagery 449, 451— 3; performance art 440-1, 446-9; working process. 450—1 pottery 145,228 Potts, Alex 73 Pousette-Dart, Richard 546, 547 Poussin, Nicolas ; 180-1 Powell, Richard ; 226 Dower: Foucault ; 525; knowledge 218, 434; male 413-15; mobility 193—4; modernism 177-8; poetry 507; will ., 378- 9 power relations- 72-3, 138, 378-9 power-to-make-things-happen 599, 602 Powers, Harriet 164; background 228, 613; quilts - 229-30, 589, 612-23; symbolism 614—23. Praz, Mario 301 Pre-Raphaelitism 255 pregnancy 22 Preston, George Nelson 275 Price, Brenda 205 primitive art 171-2 Prince, Richard 502 Prior, Richard 114 Probyn, Elspeth 194 procreation 21-2,23 professionals: subjectivity 81-2; women 71, 74, 78 propaganda 115 prostitution of art 63 Prown, Jules D. 228 psyche, feminine 26-7, 30 psychoanalytic theory: art 441, 475; art history 254; Barthes 476; feminism 441; film criticism 545; hysteria 480- 1; Lacan 525; Rose 441, 475-6, 478; sexual difference 459, 478; sexuality 462-3; subjectivity 544; vision 488 psychodrama 126 public/private spheres 514-15, 539, 559; feminist 302-3, 331— 4, 335 punk art 112-13 purity: art 170-1; racial 514— 15, 538; ritual • 21 queer artists 557 queer culture 555-6, 561n3 queer identity- 489, 492 queer theory 559 quilts: African-American art 228-9; art work 41; biblical imagery 614-23; Mainardi 202; Powers 229-30, 589, 612-23; Ringgold 443, 520-2; Wieland 350 Rabinovitz, Lauren: Chicago 342-3, 346-51; Wieland 342-3, 346-51, 406, 409-12 race 65-6nl; academy 71,78- 9; artists/art historians 8n6, 209; difference 4; feminism 329-30, 333-4; gender 60; identity 538; politics 157-61, 638; poststructuralism 67nl9; power relations 138; purity 514—15, 538; sex 192; women artists 49-50, 57-8 racial determinism 335 racism: art 639-40; emancipation 622; Europe 327, 406-7; exotica 172; history 208; Lösche 435; sexism 49-50, 173, 435; Stevens 364-5; USA 343, 589, 603, 608, 623-4 radicalism 52, 99, 557, 575 Rad way, Janice 187 Rae, Fiona 390 Rahmani, Aviva 147-52 Rainer, Yvonne 114 Ramnoux, Clémence 420 rape: academic discourse 163; Augustine 181, 182-3; Bryson 163, 178-83; Kappeler 178-9; language 179-80; Lucretia 181-2, 183; narratives 179; perpetrators 178-9; pleasure 181, 182-3; Sabine women 180-1 rape-murder, Los Angeles 51, 102-6, 115 Raphael 542 Raven, Arlene 58, 89-90, 92 Read, Herbert 173 reading: Barthes 476; body 81, 82; Miller 258,259; photography 487-8; Wolff 81 realism 141, 297, 466 reality: language 217; representation 460; theory 526 Red Stockings 559-60 Redding, J. Saunders . 327 Reinhardt, Ad 177, 547 religion 588-90 . : religious imagery 229-30 Remington, Deborah 576 Renaissance 61,227 Rendeli, Clare 207-10,212 representations 440-4,482-3; art 253, 461; Bürgin 441,, 460, 461-2, 468-9; difference 541; female body 540, 541, 568-9; femininity 307-8; feminism 469-70; fetishism 463; Heath 460, 463; hysteria 441; ideology 251—2, 460-2; imagery : 440, 577-8; Lacan 441, 482-3; lesbian artists 544; lesbians , 545, 548, 560; nude 440; performance art 440-1; photography 359-60; reality 460; sexuality 459-60, 463, 475—6; socialization 343; subcultures 490; subjectivity 460-2, 469-70; tradition 367 repression 57-8 resistance 190 retrochic 112,113 Index 703 Rhys, Jean 328 Rich, Adrienne 10, 194, 488, 524, 545, 578, 637 Rich, Ruby 114 Richard, Nellie 265, 266, 376 Richardson, Amanda 120 Richardson, Dorothy 306 Richer, Paul 482 Rilke, Rainer Maria 638 Rimbaud, Arthur 516 Ringgold, Faith 443, 520-2 ritual: children 268; collective action 105; imagery 596; initiation 24-5; performance art 106-7; transformative 104-5; universal 20-1 Rivera, Diego 169, 262 Roberts, John 369, 371, 372, 374, 389, 390 Robins, Corinne 163, 199-207 Robinson, Hilary: anti-essentialism 535-6; essentialism 535, 538; Sheela-na-gig figures 444, 534-5, 539; vaginal imagery 534, 536-9 Rochdale Art Gallery 54, 157-61 Rodenbeck, J. F. 571 Romantic art 141 Root, Jane 580-1 Rorty, Richard 511; 512, 516; Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity 513-15 Rosaldo, Michelle Z. " 25 Rose, Barbara 537; vaginal iconology 541-2, 575-7 Rose, Jacqueline 372; Freud 474-5, 476, 478; psychoanalysis 441, 475-6, 478; sexuality 474-8 Rosier, Martha 389; personal/ political 51, 95-6; sarcastic narratives 115;Taggon 137 Roth, Moira 53, 139-46, 430 Rothko, Mark 540, 547, 549 Roualt, Georges Henri 552 Rowley, Alison: Plan 395; on Saville 345, 392-6 Royal Geographical Society 192 Rushdie, Salman 54 Russia 149-50,627 Ryan, Anne 550 Saar, Betye 60, 599, 603-4 Sabine women 163, 180-1 sado-masochism 491 Safouan, Moustapha 485 Said, Edward 185-6,434 same-sex relationships 262, 272n9; see also gay men artists; lesbians San Francisco International Film Festival 147 Sandler, Irving 109 sanitation men 51-2, 106-7 Sant'Elia, Antonio 169 Santoro, Suzanne: Towards New Expression 536-7, 542, 577-8 Sapphic Model of Education 93-4 sarcasm 115 satire 287 de Saussure, Ferdinand 525 Savage, Augusta 276 Saville, Jenny 162, 540; Plan 345, 393, 394—5; size/scale 392-6 Sawyer, Janet 293 Scarpetta, Guy 514-15 Schapiro, Meyer 173, 547 Schapiro, Miriam: and Chicago 52, 125; collage 128, 129; Danto on 499; and Lippard 241-2; Ox 576; separatism 127; teaching methods 125-6 Scherr, Raquel 582 Schlegel, Caroline 30f Schnabel, Day 550 Schneemann, Carolee: censorship 53, 147-52; Fuses 147, 148, 150/151, 152; goddess 593; ' 'Infinity Kisses' 151;'Interior Scroll' 15i; 571; 'Meat Joy' 149; performance art 10, 33—4 Scholes, Robert 466 Schumann, Sarah 302 Schwabacher, Ethel 550 Schwartz, Deb 560 scripto-visual art 211,370 sculptors 144, 145, 228, 230-1 Sedlmayr, Hans 176 Segal, Lee 319 Sekuła, Sonia ,547, 548, 550, 551, 553 sélf-construction: aesthetic strategies 357; Kusama 570- 4; photography 353-4, 355-6; Sherman 457 self-criticism 88-9 self-defence workshops 51,105 self-examination 576-7 self-expression 577-8 self-identity 486-7 self-portraits 143; autobiography 343: Kahlo 261-2, 263, 266, 270—1; meaning 360; nude 156, 580-1; Sherman 458 self-representation 560 Semmel, Joan 541,558,579 Senghor, Leopold 327 separatism 126-7, 129, 208, 221 Serra, Richard 154 Serrano, Andres 58, 59, 148, 149, 150 Serres, Michel 379-80 sewing/gender 42-3 sexism 638; art history 8n6; art schools 131; racism 49-50, 173, 192, 435 Sexton, Anne 16 sexuality 441; advertising 465; authoritarianism 149-50; black nude 274—5; body 265; culture 14; female 524-5, 576; feminism 477-8; feminist art 134—5; Foucault 462; Freud 462-3, 476, 582; graffiti 465; Heath 441, 462; imagery 17nl, 585; images 477; Irigaray 44, 383-4, 470; Lacan 441, 463; lesbians 540; mirror images 383-4; psychoanalysis 462-3; representation 459-60, 463, 475-6; Rose 474-8; taboo 19, 151; Tickner 462-6; transgression 152; unconscious 477; visual exploration 53, 150-1, 474—5, 477; women 17nl, 255 Shange, Ntozake 597-8, 600, 601, 605;'We Dress Up' 610- 11 Sheela-na-gig figures 444; Irish Museum of Modern Art 534-5, 539 Sherman, Cindy 540; 'Film Stills' 453-9; Kuspit on 503-4; photography 453-9; Pollock on 370; self-construction 457, 469; self-portraits 458; 'Untitled' photographs 453-9; Williamson on 441 Shklar, Judith 516 Shohat, Ella 405 Shor, Mira 126 Showalter, Elaine 308, 330 sightseeing 185, 195nl sign theory 76-7, 476, 477 Simmons, Laurie 502 Simone, Nina 609, 621 Simpson, Lorna 540 704 Index Sirionó people of Brazil 30 Sjöö, Monica: God Giving Birth 391, 588, 591-2 Skinner, Beverly 592 Sklar, Robert 285 slavery: Bible 621; James 605- 8; metaphor 329; music 608- 9; Romanian peasants 39; symbolism 230, 616-18; women 598-600 Sleigh, Sylvia 577 slime mould example 319-20 Smith, Barbara 221, 326 Smith, Barbara Herrnstein 511 Smith, Bernard 438 Smith, Christine 200 Smith, Leon Polk 547 Smith, Paul 135 Smith, Roberta 58 Smyth, Ailbhe: constructions 420-8; Irish women 406, 417— 19, 421-2, 425; male power/ desire 413-15; see also Anna Livia Plurabelle Smythe, Roslyn 592 The Snake Pit film , 546, 548 Snyder, Joan 202 Sochen, June 285 social construction. 529; black feminist art history " 221-2; determinist 544; femininity 100, 101, 134, 306-8; gender 98; masculinity' 101 social history of art 251, 369 Social History of Art, Leeds University 138 Socialist Woman 5Q1—" sociality 530-1 socialization • 26, 29-30, 343, 353 society: art 41-3, 54, 68-9, 162, 626-7; criticism 212 Solanas, Valerie 2; gender roles 9, Scum Manifesto 9,12-13,113 Solomon, Nannette 227 Sontag, Susan. 501 Soviet Union 150; see also Russia Soyinka, Wole 328; space metaphors 194 speech * 217—18, 631 ; Speicher, Eugene 286 Spence, Jo: Hayward Gallery 358; ideology 352-4; photography 352-60; representation 343; Three. Perspectives exhibition 352 Spero, Nancy 199, 202, 370, 540, 593 spirituality 589, 596, 608-9 Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty: 'critique' 164; essentialism 83nl, 263, 444, 531; identity 507; strategic essentialism 536, 538; 'The Rani of Sirmur' 263, 267-8 Sprinkle, Annie 286-7, 540 Spurting, Andrea 71 Stamos, Theodore 550, 551-2 Stanhope, Hester 192 Stark, Freya 191 Steady, Filomena Chioma 598 Steele, Lisa 386 Stefan, Verena 299 Stein, Judith 290, 297-8 Sterbak, Jana 53-4, 152-4 stereotypes 354, 450, 594, 596 Sterling, Maya 90, 91 Sterne, Hedda 540, 550, 551, 553 Stevens, May 343, 364-5, 526 Still, Clyfford 547, 549 stone masks 270-1 Stonewall Riots, commemorative exhibitions 555, 560, 561n2 STOP 603 Strathclyde Women's Advisory Committee : 69 Strong, Eithne 418, 427 Stuart, Michelle . 199, 206 Studio International- 110-11 subaltern 431-2 subcultures 490 subject matter of art 14, 15, 230 subjectivity: artist 384; Berland 75-7; black 335; body . 76; class 336-7; critical 270; decentred 259, 332, 510; discourse 525; Felski 332 female 75, 260-6, 441; female body , 558; feminist discourse 332,449; gendered ; 11, 132, 459, 461; identity, 45-6,252, 266-7; image 487; • ' „ interpellated. 132, 460—1; Kelly 441; Lacan 544; language 525; lesbian 545; manipulated 338; Marxism 132, 336-8; nomadic 187,188, 195n7; postmodernism, 511- 12, 513; poststructuralism 525; professionals 81-2; psychoanalysis 544; representation 460-2,469-70; social 186; speaking 217—18; unfixed 344. 383. 470: work 165—6 suffering 299; see also pain Sukula, Sonia 540 Suleiman, Susan Rubin: ethical postmodernism 511—12; postmodernism/art 389, 442— 3, 507-10; postmodernism/ politics 516-17; Rorty 511, 512, 513-15, 516 Sullivan, Louis 170 Surrealism 115-16, 152,267, 452 Swenson, Gene 115 Sylvester, David 394 Symbolic order 38, 390-1 symbolism: feminine 30-1; meteor 620; Powers 614—23; slavery 230, 616-18; train 274, 278n6; see also metaphor taboo: erotic 149; incest 25; lesbian art 89; politics 149; sexual 19, 151 Taeuber-Arp, Sophie 141 Tagg, John 137,227 Tanguay, Eva 285 Taoism 17-18. tapadas, Peru 431-2 tapisserie 42 tattoo 173 Taylor, Laurie 190 teaching, women. 52 teaching techniques, women's movement 125-6 technology -, 344, 377-80, 381 Tenhaaf, Nell: autoeroticism 381; body/video, :384-6; mythology 382; screen/ sexuality : 382-4; technology 344, 377-80 Tesfagiorgis, Wasikhongo: see High, Freida , texts ' 253—4, 259, 262; see also writing Thatcher, Margaret 52, 53, 118— 19, 122 Thelma and Louise film 193 theory: activism - 49, 443; aesthetics • 322-3; art criticism 213-14, 498; biological . 319- 20; black feminists 223; culture 82; feminist theory, 319-20; intervention/ separatism 208; painting 211; reality 526;: representations . 440-4; travel metaphor, 184, 185-6 Thomas, Martin 437 Index 705 Thompson, Robert Farris 228, 603,611,612,617 Three Perspectives exhibition, Spence 352 Tickner, Lisa: art history 165, 250-5; Diß'erence catalogue 441, 459-60; feminism/ representation 469-70; narrative 466-8; pleasure 468-9; representation 460-2; sexuality 462-6; vaginal imagery 537 time: art production 589-90; creativity 636; leisure 589-90, 635; work 637-8, 639 Time on feminism 497-8 Titian, Tarquín and Lucretia 181-2 Todorov, Tzvetan 482 Tolstoy, Leo 173 Tomkins, Calvin 501 Tomiin, Bradley Walker 547 torture 518 tourism 185, 190 Trades Union Congress. 50, 87-8 tradition: art 434, 499-500; gender 367; representations 367 train symbol 274, 278n6 tramping 189 transcendence 274 transgression: feminist art : 136— 7; gender 53^4, 152; : oppression 406-7,432; sexuality, 152 £ travel: cultural criticism 184—5; feminism 187-9, 193-4; gendered 184-5, 187-93; post-colonial criticism 186; Victorian age 191 travel metaphor 184, 185-6, 189 travel writers " 185 Truth, Sojourner , 607 truth/suffering 313-14 Tubman, Harriet 601, 607, 608, 609, 618-19, 624n23 Tynan, Katherine 422 Ukeles, Mierle Laderman 51-2, 106-7 unconscious 476,477 universal/particular 17, 27, 38 universalism: ethics 442-3,511, 512; modernism 512; ritual 20-1 Urry, John 185,189 USA: activism 51; art history 4; black women artists 57-9; education 53; feminist aesthetics 325; feminist art theory 3; feminist theory 4; materialism 599-600; racism 343, 589, 603, 608, 623^4; women sculptors 230-1 utopia 336-7,399-400 vaginal iconology 541-2, 575-7 vaginal imagery: context 559; Corinne 537, 559; Cronin 558; Leonard 559; patriarchy 537; representations 577-8; Robinson 534, 536-9; Tickner 537; video 384, 386; Wieland 350-1; see also cunts Van de Velde, Henry 170 Van den Abbeele, Georges 191 Vancouver Art Gallery conversations 369-77 Vanitas tradition 152 Vansina, Jan 223, 225 - Vasari, Giorgio 227, 250 victimization of women 104 video: body 344, 384—6; vaginal images 384, 386; women 384-6 , Vietnam War protests 574nl2 Vigée-Lebrun, Elizabeth 141 Village Voice 58. violence: discourse 179; male 178-9; modern art 176; sexual 153; against women 103^4,105 Virility School of literature 15,16 visibility: black people 220, 576; black women artists 59, 216- 17; vulva images 582; women 220, 378, 576 visual images: language 477; pleasurable feelings 463; poststructuralism 526; psychoanalysis 488; sexuality 53, 474—5 Vlach, John 228 'oyeurism 276, 384, 559 'ulva images 536-7, 582 Wagstaff, Samuel 567 Walker, Alice 74n2; The Color - Purple , 601, 602-3 Wall, Jeff 373 Wallace, Michele 224, 233nl2 Walsh, Val: academy 50; art/ society 68-9; conference practice 68—73; elitism 71—2 war art 169 Warhol, Andy 9,112,113 Warner, Marina: activism 52; Greenham Common 118-22; women/meaning 414 Washington Women's Art Center 58 Watney, Simon 487-8 weaving 42, 120 WEB, consciousness-raising 50- 1, 85-6 Webb, Peter 246 Webster, Sally 202 Weeks, Jeffrey 462 Weems, Renita 230 Wesselman, Tom 277-8n3 West, Mae 285 Western art 168, 171-2 Westmacott, Sir Richard 171 White, E. Francis 218, 220 White, Patrick 437 Whitney Museum, New York 56-7 Wieland, Joyce: Art Gallery of Ontario 406, 408-12; assistants 348; background 351n3; crafts/ art 348-9; The Far Shore 411; films 410-11; life/work 347- 8, 409-10; О Canada 349-50; О Canada Animation 349-50; personal/political 410; quilts 350; Rabinovitz on 342-3, 346-51, 406, 409-12; True Patriot Love 342-3, 346-51 Wilding, Faith: Braidotti 396, 398; cyberfeminism 345, 396— 7, 399-401; cybergrrl-ism 345, 398-9; Feminist Art Program 127; Internet 399-400; Kassel Cyberfeminist International 401-3; old-style feminism 397-8; performance art 10, 34-7; 'Waiting' 10 Wilke, Hannah: cunt images 542, 576, 580-1, 583; erotica 578- 9; female body 578; goddess art 593; Marxism and Art: Beware of Fascist Feminism 581; 176 One-fold Gestural Sculptures 583; photography 579; So Help Me Hannah photographs 579-80; SOS - Starification Object Series 579, 581 will/power relations 378-9 Williams, Raymond 308, 313nl, 487 706 Index Williams, Sue 391 Williams, Wiliam Carlos 638 Williamson, Judith: image/ representation 441, 457-8; on Sherman 441,453-8 willing machines 378-9, 380 Wilson, Judith 5; on Bearden 166, 274-5, 277-8n3; black artistic production 275-7; black nude 274-5, 277nl Winckelmann, J. I. 250,301 Windward Maroons, Jamaica 598-600 Winnico, D. W. 510 witchcraft 91 Wittig, Monique: Les Guérrillères 581-2; lesbians 545; nature/ culture 37-8; other 10; sexual difference 38-40, 545 Wojnarowicz, David 59, 509 Wolfe, Tom 204 Wolff, Janet 309; androcentrism 163, 189; art production 309; feminist travel 193-4; masculinity/travel 190-1; nomadic 187; post-colonialism 186; postmodernism/mapping 186-7; readings 81; theory/ travel 185-6; travel metaphors 184—5; women/travel 187-9, 191-3 Wollen, Peter 139, 143, 255, 264-6 Wolverton, Terry 51, 89-96 Womanart 199, 201, 202-3, 204— 6 Womanhouse 52-3, 125-6, 127 Woman's Art Journal 206 women: as art category 499; creativity 287, 589, 626-7; devalued 18-19, 29, 407, 425- 6; dichotomy 276-7, 285, 578; erotic art 381, 575-7; in history 208; institutions 50, 77-83; lack 464, 467; marginalization 122, 254, 443; nature 10, 22-3, 277, 594; oppression 70-1, 633; other 523, 526, 535, 578; professionals 71, 74, 78; sexuality 17nl, 255; slavery 598-600; status 17-19, 28-9, 31, 43, 91; teaching 52; victimization 104; visibility 220, 378, 576; writing herself 627-35; see also black women; female body; gender; Irish women; lesbians Women: A Journal of Liberation 589, 626-7 Women 2000 68 Women and Art 200-1 women artists 128; authenticity 14, 15, 16; biography/art 142-3; body 524-5; class 143; Deepwell 389—92; female sexuality 576; feminism 640; Feminist Art Journal 199,200, 202-3, 204—6; Firestone 9, 14, 15-16; ghettoization 145; grouping 591-2; inclusion 504; interventionism 101; Kristeva 390; Lippard 140-1, 239, 241-2; male critics 200; male norm 87-8, 134; marginalization 5; painting 388-9, 390; pornography 114, 350-1; race 49-50, 57-8; as seductress 502-3; separatism 126-7, 129; technology 377-8; time 637-8; unknown 239; Womanart 202-3, 204—6; see also black women artists Women Artists Newsletter 199 Women Artists in Revolution 56-7 Women Artists' Slide Library Journal 163,207 women of colour: see black women Women in Profile 68, 69 Women's Action Coalition 11,47 Women's Ad Hoc Committee 56-7 Women's Art Group 96 Women's Art Movement 96-7, 98-101 women's art slide registry 96 women's movement 125, 237; art 1, 111; censorship 53; collectivity 134; identity 405; Neel 282; oppression 298; teaching techniques 125-6 Women's Workshop, Artist's Union 87-8 women writers 302-3,304 Woolf, Virginia 9,75,284,302, 306 work 80-1, 165-6, 450-1, 639 Wright, Frank Lloyd 177 Writers and Readers Publishing Cooperative 360 writing 302-3, 304; art 556; black 328-9, 330; on body 81-3; Cixous 329, 627-35; feminist 1; hooks 635-6; politics 163; practice/process 258—9; women 302-3, 304, 310, 329, 388; see also literature WSABAL 56-7 Wynter, Sylvia 328 xenophobia 510 Yates, Marie 135, 370; The Missing Woman 467 Yemoja 603-4,623 Yokoi, Rita 52 Yoruba culture: aesthetics 61U; ishe 599, 602, 612; gods/ goddesses 611-12,619; religion 589 Young, Wayland 246 Yowingbala, Dale 434 Yugoslavian peace activists 401 Zaag, Liz Vander 386 Zakanitch, Robert 128 Zamir Network 401 Zwang, Gerald 246 |
