| Volltext: | Thematic Index In the indexes, a vertical slash divides the page numbers by article to aid in finding relevant groups of entries. Author names in square brackets in the thematic index are used to indicate where most entries are from single articles. aesthetic 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 14, 16, 17, 18 | 71, 73, 78,85,87,91 | 110,112 | 115,127,128, 129,130,131 i 138,144,145,160 | 166, 169, 176, 182 I 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196,199, 202, 203, 207, 213, 215, 229, 230, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244. See also aesthetic experience; landscape architecture: ecological aesthetic and ecology versus aesthetics modernist 17 | 35,36 aesthetic experience [Meyer] 188,191,192, 193, 195, 196, 203, 213, 215, 229, 241, 242, 243, 244 agrarian landscape. See landscape alienation from environment 267 animals [Hyson] 23,26,28,30,31,32,33,34, 35, 37, 40, 41, 42. See also wildlife animal rights 37 anthropocentrism 135, 136, 137, 141, 146, 159 I 176. See also homocentrism anthropomorphism 34 art. See also movements: artistic environmental 19 | 146,154,155,157,158, 159,160| 195, 202, 204, 211. See also environmental artists modern 74,93 | 188,190,198,199,243 public 170 association 3 | 55 | 100 | 167, 171, 172, 173 attachment 169, 170, 171 | 266 beautification movement. See movements beauty 3, 19 | 31 | 95 | 104, 112 | 129, 131 I 195, 203, 232 | 252. See also place: of eternal beauty biocentrism 5 | 23, 24, 25 biological diversity 39 biomass 119, 120, 127 | 173 biome 104, 110 city planning. See planning climax 6, 17 | 49 | 78, 90 | 121, 130 | 171, 172, 175, 184. Sec also community community 110 j 201 climax 78, 90 | 172 community metaphor 8,15 | 170,171, 179,183 plant 108 I 118, 119, 120, 121, 124, 125, 126,130 I 172,173,174 social 128 I 146, 150, 152, 154, 157 | 169, 172 j 195, 199,204,220,243 conservation 3,4,8,9,10,13,14,19 ] 29,31, 38, 39, 40, 41, 44 | 49, 58, 65, 67 | 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87,90,91,93,94,95 | 104 | 115 | 154 | 164,169 I 244 | 267. See also movements; planning cultural construction 2, 8 | 25 culture 6,10,16,17,20,21,22 | 37 | 75,91 | 97 I 120,121 I 138,144,157 | 168, 179, 185 I 188,190,192,196, 203, 238, 241 | 245, 262, 264, 266, 267 disturbance. See ecological disturbance diversity. See biological diversity documentary films [Black] 82—85 domination of humans over nature 74, 76 ecocentrism 135, 136 ecological design 104, 110, 113, 114. See also landscape architecture ecological disturbance 8 | 118,120,126 | 173,174,175 I 230,232,238 human 125, 127 | 166, 169-170, 182 natural 123-125 | 166, 182 | 254 ecological inventory 5 | 107,108,109 ecological planning. See planning ecologist 7,17,18,21 | 49 [ 78 | 99,102, 104 I 115, 119, 120, 123, 127, 128, 129, 130,131 I 140 I 170,173, 175,176,179 ecology 4,6,7,8,12,13,16,21 | 38 | 67 | 71,78,79,84,85,91 j 111, 112, 113 j 115, 118,119,120, 121, 126, 127, 128, 129,131 I 142,154,161 | 164, 165, 169, 171,172,175 I 245, 267. See also com- 274 Thematic Index munity: climax and plant; environmental-ism; landscape architecture; plant ecology case studies 121—126. See also individual entries (general index): Glacier Bay; Harvard Forest; Pisgah Tract historical reconstruction of sites 123—125 mathematical analysis 130 new paradigm 115-132 | 145 old paradigm 118 as equilibrium paradigm 119-121 and pseudo-ecology 157 ecosystem 6, 18, 19 | 38 | 119, 125—126, 130 I 135 I 173, 174, 175 j 200, 216, 238- 242, 239, 241 biogeochemical cycles 125—126 empathy 9 | 175 | 192,239,241,242 engagement 2, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 18, 19, 22 | 28 I 115 I 141, 159 I 192, 193, 194, 199, 201,202,214, 230 engineer 46, 47, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 59, 65, 67, 69 I 73,81,85,87 | 128 | 220 as landscape architect [Cushman] 46, 47, 50, 52, 53, 55, 57, 58, 67, 69 environment. See natural environment environmental art. See art environmental artists 157 j 196, 212, 243. See also general index environmental movement. See movements environmental planner 110 environmental thinking 1 | 58 environmental value 8,10,12 | 114 | 187, 188, 189, 191, 199, 202, 203, 204, 223, 227,238,241,244 environmentalism 1, 2, 5, 7, 9,11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16,17,18, 19,21,22 | 47 ) 97,98,99, 102, 103, 114 I 119 I 133, 134,135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 146, 156, 157, 159, 160 | 163, 164, 171 | 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 196, 204, 229,242 I 245 deep [Nadenicek/Hastings] 133, 136, 137, 141, 143, 144, 155, 156, 158, 159 ecological [Nadenicek/Hastings] 133,136, 139-141,154, 156, 159 integrative [Nadenicek/Hastings] 133,136, 138-141, 146, 156, 159 preservation [Nadenicek/Hastings] 133, 136, 137-141, 156, 159 | 185 environmentalist 21,22 | 38,44 | 137,155, 158,159 I 170 equilibrium 8,17 | 119,120. See also ecology: old paradigm erosion 3,16,19 | 45,49,51,58,59,67,69, 70 I 82, 90 I 104 I 125 | 143 | 166 | 191,199, 205,221,222 soil 48,49,51,58,59,61,67 180, 84 | 166 ethic 4, 6, 7, 9 I 23 I 71, 73, 74, 76, 77, 79, 93 I 128 I 135, 143, 157, 160 | 170 | 204, 244 land 137, 158 evolution. See place: as product of physical and biological evolution; plant evolution; theory: evolutionary experience of nature [Kelsch] 175—183 functionality 73, 76-80 garden clubs 54, 55, 63 geologist 99 grassroots activists 142 habitat 2, 5 | 23, 32, 33, 35, 37, 40, 41, 43 | 67 I 104,110 I 130 I 141, 150,152 | 214, 232 heritage 84 | 160 | 181 highway 3,13,17 | 45,46,47,49,50,51,52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69 | 105 construction 45 safety [Cushman] 50, 57, 67 historical preservation and restoration [Cushman] 54, 69, 70 holistic 73, 85 | 118, 119, 120 | 137 homocentrism 5, 23 [ 37. See also anthropocentrism hydrology 3,13 | 84 | 105,107 | 195,197 ideology 5 I 49 I 76 I 127 I 190 idyllic 90 immersion 9,18,20 | 23,25,36,37,38,39, 40,41,42,43 I 191, 192, 238. See also landscape immersion land ethic. See ethic landscape. See also landscape architect; landscape architecture; landscape immersion; planning 275 Thematic Index agrarian 47 middle 10 I 47, 58, 69 | 76, 88 | 135 modern 9 | 26 | 190,198 | 245 landscape architect 1,2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,18,19, 20, 21, 22 | 27, 31, 32, 36, 38 I 55 I 76, 85, 87 | 105 | 131 | 142, 161 I 189, 190, 192, 199, 219, 223, 226, 230, 244 | 267, 268. Sec also engineer landscape architecture ecological aesthetic 128,129—131 ecological approaches 126—132 | 139,140, 141, 145-146,152 ecological design 130 ecology versus aesthetics 127,128 | 145 projects [Nadenicek/Hastings] 146-159 of amelioration 146,150-155 of commentary 146,154—161 landscape immersion [Hyson] 23, 36, 38, 40, 41,43 management 13 | 73, 74, 76, 78, 82, 85, 90, 91, 93 I 97, 99, 104, 110, 113 | 137 | 165,179, 183, 184 | 267 masonry 17 | 58,61,63,65 matrix 105 | 201,232 metaphor 8, 11, 14, 15, 16 | 44 | 119, 120, 128, 130 I 179,181,183,185 | 217, 229 I 253. See also community: community metaphor for nature [Kelsch] 165-179,183, 184,185 middle ground 76 | 199 middle landscape. See landscape minimalist 16 | 190, 241 modern art. See art modern landscape. See landscape modernism 34,35,36 | 75,76 | 193 modernist aesthetic. See aesthetic mosaic 121 | 173, 174 | 201 movements artistic 16 beautification 47,52,55,57,58 | 142 centralization 52 civil rights 141-142 conservation 13 | 29 | 91 contemporary 37 cultural 15 environmental 11 | 32,37,38,39 | 73,84 I 103 I 135,140-144 | 163,165 | 188,189, 190 environmental justice 170 Good Roads (Texas Highway) 47-49, 55, 69 movement toward more federal involvement in environmental regulation 94 native plants 49, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59 | 78 Post—Earth Day 191 postenvironmental 188 preservation 54 protest 17 social 12, 16 myth 182 | 238 mythic 181,182,183 | 230 national 29, 40, 41 | 47, 49, 51, 59, 63, 65 | 79, 81, 82, 84, 87, 88, 91, 93, 94 | 97, 99, 103 I 127 I 142, 150 | 165, 166 | 226 | 250,267 native materials 57 native plants 58 | 239. Sec also movements natural appearance 61 | 245 natural environment 4,9,10,20 | 70 | 74,75, 84, 85, 93, 95 | 136, 138, 152, 154, 157 | 170, 179 I 266 naturalism [Hyson] 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40 naturalistic 2 | 29 | 57,61 | 155. See also rustic overlay method 105, 113 panoramas 2 | 32, 33, 36 parks 2, 3, 13, 14, 16 | 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40, 41, 43, 44 I 53, 54, 55, 57, 59, 63, 65, 67, 69 | 90, 91 I 99,100,110 I 155,157 | 165, 167, 170, 177 I 207,208,210,211,212,213,214, 215, 216, 217, 219, 220, 221, 223, 226, 227, 229, 230, 238, 239, 241, 242 | 264, 267, 268. Sec also individual entries (general index) national 59 roadside [Cushman] 48, 53, 60, 63, 66, 69 safari 37 state 63, 69 urban 57 parkways 13, 14, 16 | 152 276 Thematic Index pastoral 3, 4, 15, 16 | 27 j 52, 58 | 75, 85, 87, 88,90,95 I 189, 190,219,230 patch of forest 173, 182 phenomenology 9,16,18 | 191,192,193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 199, 204, 216, 223, 243, 244 phenomenon 8 | 129 physiographic region 104 place constructed 192 dwelling in a 18 of eternal beauty 19 | 203,221,232 | 245, 254, 264 experience of 202, 206, 213, 216, 217, 243 | 256 fragile 189 of heaven on earth 182 making a 169 | 189, 193, 194, 195,201, 204, 222, 223, 227, 230 meaning and intentions attached to 8 place-specific 194, 196, 198, 200, 211 as product of physical and biological evolution 103,107,108 | 211,229 shaping of in nature 15 time and 12 | 175, 184 wild 138 planning 97, 113 | 226, 230 city 5 I 98,99, 100, 109, 110 | 247 conservation 93-95 ecological 103,104,105,111,112,113 | 119 I 143, 144 I 189, 219 environmental 190. See also environmental planner firm 57 functionalist land- use 15 I 57 I 71, 72, 85, 87, 95 landscape 103 | 119 | 137, 141, 143 organic 4 | 71 regional 80-81,94 | 100 | 142 scientific 78-79, 90, 93 | 145 town 77 Utopian, end of 94 plant community. See community plant ecology 4 | 118 plant evolution 108 plants. Sec native plants; vegetation; weeds; wild flowers pollen analysis 252 postmodern 141,145,150,151 | 188,190, 192,193,199, 202, 211, 216, 229, 230 preservation 7 | 59,67 | 97,102 | 1281 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 141, 142, 154, 156, 157, 159 I 164, 185 | 249. See also environmentalism; historical preservation and restoration; movements; tree preservation and planting progress 3,4,11 | 45,47,49,50,63,69 | 81 propaganda 4,13 | 82,84,95 public art. See art representation 2,8,15 | 26,41 | 156 | 169 | 196, 241 I 260, 264 restoration 8,19 | 115,128,130 | 138,145, 146, 150, 151, 154, 157, 159 | 164, 178 | 187 I 267. See also historical preservation and restoration rhetoric 2,7 | 24,25,38,41,42 | 128 | 133, 134-135, 136, 137, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146,154, 155, 157, 159 rhetorical analysis 136 river basin 104 river valley 3 | 75,87,95 road 3 I 46,47,49,50,51,52,57,58,59,67 | 81 I 166,179 I 220 rustic 61,63,65 landscape design 76 (naturalistic) architectural design 61, 62, 63, 65, 66 sanitary 2,5 | 34,35,36,37 | 65 | 230,238 scenery 55 | 76,87,90,91 | 189,190 | 256, 260, 262, 266 scenic 3, 14, 16 | 54, 55, 65, 69 | 90, 91, 95 | 104 I 142 I 183 I 216, 226 | 245, 248 scenic drives. See tourism, automobile scenic resources 90-93 changing views of landscapes 91 scientific 103 | 128. See also planning selection 120 | 172, 173 standard 32 | 47,51,55 | 112,114 | 131 succession 108 [ 119, 120, 121, 123, 124 | 165, 169, 171, 173, 174, 175, 177 | 221 superorganism 118,119,120,130 symbol 3, 4, 5, 12, 15, 22 | 37 [ 63 | 71, 72, 73,76,79,90,93,95 | 157 | 163,165, 166, 179, 181,183 I 245, 253, 256, 260, 266, 267 technological progress 4 j 49, 69 277 Thematic Index theory ecological 118-121 evolutionary 14 | 120 concept of adaptation 119 tourism, automobile [Cushman] 54, 63, 65, 69 tree preservation and planting [Cushman] 52, 53,54, 56,58,59 vegetation 118 | 175 visual 4, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 17, 18 | 71, 79 | 128 I 177 I 189, 190,215,216,226 | 256, 262, 264, 266 weeds 58 ( 168 wild flowers 52,54,55,58 | 142 | 252,253 wilderness 8,15,22 | 25,32 | 102 | 130 | 135, 138,141,142,155 | 165,166,167,168,169, 171, 175, 178, 183, 184, 185 wildlife [Hyson] 25, 40. See also animals women as environmental activists 46, 54, 55, 60, 69 I 142 women's clubs [Cushman] 54, 57, 60, 63 zoos 2, 3, 5, 17, 18, 19 I 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 1155 General Index Adams, Ansel. See Sierra Club Addison, Richard 33 Adirondack State Park, New York 167-169, 182-183. See also New York State Forest Preserve Five Ponds Wilderness Area 167, 174, 175, 176,179, 183, 184 American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA) 1, 7, 19 I 135-141, 146, 158, 159, 160 I 242 Andre, Carl 16 Andropogon Associates 9,16 | 103,114 | 159,160 I 239 archaeological excavations 250 Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum. See zoos Balmorhea Springs State Park 65, 68 Bargmann, Julie 196, 230, 233 Vintotidale, Pennsylvania, Acid Mining Drainage Project 230, 233, 238 Bastrop State Park 65, 68 Berleant, Arnold 9,18 | 192-193,195,196, 199 Big Bend National Park 65 "BioPark." Sec zoos: National Zoological Park Black, Brian 4, 9, 13, 14, 16, 19 | 69 Blocdel Reserve. See Haag, Richard Bois,Yves-Alain 211 Brand, Stuart 130—131,132 Braun, E. Lucy 104 Brazos River Bridge 60, 61, 63 Brower, David 138,142 Brown, Glenn 29 Buescher State Park 65 Bureau of Reclamation. See government, U.S. federal Burke, Kenneth 136 Burle-Marx, Roberto 239 Byxbce Park. Sec Hargreaves, George Candlestick Point Cultural Park. Sec Hargreaves, George Carson, Rachel 102 | 140,141,142,144 Silent Spring (1962) 102 [ 142 | 187 Cathedral Pines, Cornwall, Connecticut 166, 167, 176, 178-179, 180-182 and Nature Conservancy 166,182 Cedars, Harvey 104 Central Park Menagerie. See zoos Cheek, Neil 38, 39 ChermayefF, Peter 35 Chicago Zoological Park. See zoos Chickamauga Dam. See Tennessee Valley Authority Child, Susan 189, 192, 202, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229 Christo 16 circus 33 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). See government, U.S. federal Clarke, Lewis 104 Clean Air Act. See government, U.S. federal Clean Water Act. See government, U.S. federal Clements, Frederick E. 6 | 78,90 | 118-119 I 171-173, 175 CLRdesign (firm) 23 Club of Rome 142 Coe, Jon Charles 2 | 23,41,42,43 | 155 Columbia River 74-75 Commoner, Barry 142 Condon, Patrick 161 Cook, Robert 6, 7, 12,14,16,17,19,20, 21, 22 I 140 Cosgrove, Denis 190 Crane, David 98, 99 Creese, Walter 73 Croke,Vicki 42 Cronon,William 73 Cullen, Gordon 98 Cushman, Gregory 3, 4, 9, 13, 16, 19 Cutler, Phoebe 76, 87 daintyo (feudal lords) gardens. Sec Japanese gardens De Boer, S. R. 32 De Maria, Walter 196 Democracy on the March. See Lilienthal, David Denver Zoo. See zoos Department of the Interior. See government, U.S. federal Design Consortium (firm) 23 Design with Nature. See McHarg, Ian Detroit Zoo. See zoos 279 General Index Dewey, John 193,196,241 Downing, Andrew Jackson 26 | 87,91 Draper, Earle 17 | 85—87 Dubos, René 103 Earth Day (22 April 1970) 142 | 189,191 Eckbo, Garrett 98 Eckstut, Stan 225, 226, 227, 228, 229 Edo period. See Japanese historical periods Eiseley, Loren 103 Eisenman, Peter 228, 229 Eliot, Charles 99 Ely, Judge Walter R. 52 Emerson, Ralph Waldo 138—139,141 Endangered Species Act. See government, U.S. federal environmental artists. See thematic index and individual names: De Maria,Walter; Haacke, Hans; Haag, Richard; Heizer, Michael; Hollis, Doug; Irwin, Robert; Miss, Mary; Morrison, Darrell; Smithson, Robert; Sonfist, Alan; Van Valkenburgh, Michael Environmental Protection Agency. See government, U.S. federal Erlich, Paul 142 Fastie, Christopher 123—124 federal government. See government, U.S. federal Fehr, Arthur F. 65, 67 Field,Julia Allen 38 Fish andWildlife Service. See government, U.S. federal Five Ponds Wilderness Area. See Adirondack State Park Fogg, Jack 98 Fontana Dam. See Tennessee Valley Authority Fort Davis State Park 65 Fossey, Dian 41 Foster, David 124-126 Fox, Stephen 91 Frampton, Kenneth 193-194 Franklin, Carol 103,113,114 | 159,160 Franklin, Colin 113, 114 Franklin Park Zoo. See zoos Garrett, Garet 79 Geddes, Patrick 100—102,105 Germany 25 | 57 Gilchrist, Gibb 52, 54, 55, 59, 67 Glacier Bay, Alaska 14 | 121—124 Gleason, Henry 172—173 Good Roads movement 47—49, 55 government, U.S. federal 3 | 41 | 46, 50, 59, 65,69 I 80 Bureau of Reclamation 87, 89 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) 13 | 65,68 I 81,85 Clean Air Act (1970) 142 Clean Water Act (1972) 142 Department of the Interior 5 | 94 Endangered Species Act (1973) 142 Environmental Protection Agency 93 Fish andWildlife Service 150 National Trails Act (1968) 142 National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (1968) 142 National Youth Administration 48, 63 Natural Resource Planning Board 94 secretaries of the Interior Harold Ickes 94 Stewart Udall 105 | 142 U.S. Corps of Engineers 87 Wilderness Preservation Act (1964) 142 Works Progress Administration (WPA) 50, 51,52,60,61 Granite Garden, The. See Spirit, Anne Whiston Great Depression 45, 46, 47, 50, 52,57, 58, 59, 61, 67, 69 I 94 Greenwich Village, New York 169-170,178. See also Sonfist, Alan: Time Landscape™ Gubbels,Jac 17 | 55—58,63,65,67 Gutheim, F. A. 93 Haacke, Hans 191 Haag, Richard 19 | 192,195,202,230 Bloedel Reserve (1979) 19 | 230,232-238 Moss Garden 19 | 230,232,234-235 Hagenbeck, Carl 2 | 32, 37, 40, 41, 44 Halprin, Lawrence 8 | 191, 195, 196, 199— 202,208, 212, 213,221—223 Sea Ranch community, California 199—203, 211 Hancocks, David 23,24,40,41,44 Hanna, Robert 113,114 Hanna/Olin. See Olin, Laurie 280 General Index Hargreaves, George 189, 192, 196, 202, 205, 218, 219-222, 223, 226, 230, 231 Byxbee Park (1988-92) 157,158 | 230,231, 238 Candlestick Point Cultural Park, San Francisco 210,211-214,215,216,218 Harvard Forest, Petersham, Massachusetts 124— 126 Harvard University, School of Landscape Architecture 99, 100 Harvey, David 74 Hastings, Catherine 7, 11, 12, 17, 19 Hays, Samuel P. 74,91 Hediger, Heini 2 | 34-35 | 63 Heian period. See Japanese historical periods Heian-kyo 245-247, 248, 254 Heidegger, Martin 194, 195,221 Heizer, Michael 191,196 Henry Doorly Zoo. See zoos Hill, Angus 113 Hill, Clyde 32, 33 Hollis, Doug 212,214 Hornaday, William Temple 2 | 29,30-31,40, 44 Host Analog. See Simpson, Duster Hough, Michael 113 Howett, Catherine 189,192,194—195,196, 199 Hubbard, Henry Vincent 100 Hyson, Jeffrey 2, 3, 5, 9, 16, 17, 18, 19 | 69 Ickes, Harold. See government, U.S. federal: secretaries of the Interior Irwin, Robert 191, 196, 197-198,204,206, 211,214,215,238 Ito.Taiichi 9-10,15,21 Izaak Walton Club 84 Jackson, J. B. 98,99 | 129 Japanese gardens 10,12,15-16,21-22 | 245- 268 daimyo (feudal lords) gardens 10 | 262-264 commoners normally excluded from 264 consolidated garden type 260 formal and informal garden parties 262 preference for rural scenery 262 Rikugi-en 262 scenes from Chinese poems 264 sites for diverse activity 262 kaiyu-shiki (strolling or circuit style) 259, 260 karesansui (dry gardens) 245,247,257,260, 266 miniature gardens 260 Mount Fuji 260, 261 Pure Land Buddhist-style gardens ( jodo-shiki) 245, 254 roji (tea gardens) 256, 258, 266 design techniques 260 shakkei (use of borrowed scenery) 260,261, 263, 264, 265 shindenzukuri (architectural style of the arist) 245, 246, 247, 248, 252, 256, 264 slioin (walled residences) 256 variety of eye-catchers 260 Japanese historical periods Edo period (1603-1867) 10 | 260-262, 265 Heian period 22 | 245,247,251,256,260, 267 Kamakura period (1192—1337) 256 Meiji era (1868-1912) 264 Muromachi period (1338-1576) 256 Tokugawa shogunate 260 Johnson, Lady Bird 69 | 142,143 Johnson, Philip 98 Johnson Johnson and Roy Corporation (JJR) 155-157 Jones, Grant 2 | 23, 41 Jones & Jones 23 Jordan, Lawrie 113 Judd, Donald 16 Juneja, Narendra 113 Kahn, Louis 98, 99 kaiyu-shiki. See Japanese gardens Kamakura period. See Japanese historical periods Kaplan, Rachel 176, 178, 179 Kaplan, Stephen 176,178,179 karesansui. See Japanese gardens Kawarada, Mieko 9-10, 15, 21 Kellert, Stephen 40 Kelsch, Paul 7,12,15,19,20,21 Kiley, Dan 98 Kitamura, Masanri 267 Kyoto Basin 245 Kyoto City 246, 249, 256 281 General Index Lake Lure. See Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) : The Scenic Resources of the Tennessee Valley Landscape Architecture (magazine) 7 | 24,37, 39,43 I 57 I 142, 143, 146-149, 150 Leopold,Aldo 23 | 71,74 | 137,140,141, 155 I 243 and unified conservation 91 Lewis, Phil 113 Lilienthal, David 71—73, 81 Democracy on the March 73 Lincoln Park Zoo. See zoos Link, Theodore 28—29 Linn, Karl 98 London 25, 26, 29, 40 | 100. See also zoos: Regent Park Zoo Loudon, J. C. 100 | 204,238 Lowitt, Richard 94 Lynch, Kevin 194 Mack, Mark 212 Man and Environment. See McHarg, Ian Maple, Terry 43 Martin, William 104 Marx, Leo 85 Mather, Jean Allen 38, 43 Mather, Robert 43 McCutcheon,John T. 33 McHarg, Ian 5-6, 8, 9, 12, 16, 17, 18 ( 69 | 97-114 I 137, 142,144,145,150,151, 159-160 I 189,190,195,199,239 Cape Hatteras, study of 104 Design with Nature 5 | 37 [ 97, 98, 103, 105 I 119-120 I 143-144 Landscape Development Plan, University of Pennsylvania 113 Man and Environment (course at University of Pennsylvania) 5 | 97, 103 Pardisan, Tehran 5—6 | 38 | 97,110, 111-112 "Plan for the Valleys" (project) 104-105 Potomac River basin 5 | 105,107 Wallace McHarg (firm founded in 1962) 103 WMRT (firm) 103,108—110,112 | 150 Woodlands New Community 97,108—110, 113 I 151 McMillan Commission 29 Mead, Margaret 103 Meiji era. See Japanese historical periods Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 193, 197, 198 Meyer, David 202, 238, 240, 242 Meyer, Elizabeth 7,9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 18, 19 | 69 I 129 I 145 Miami Zoo. See zoos Michigan statewide highway landscape programs 53 Milwaukee County Zoo .See zoos miniature gardens. See Japanese gardens Minneapolis Zoo. See zoos Miss, Mary 191, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229 Morgan, Arthur E. 81,85,87 Morris, Desmond 37 Morrish,William 151—152,153,161 | 192, 217, 219, 221, 223 Morrison, Darrell 195 Moses, Robert 143 Moss Garden. See Haag, Richard: Bloedcl Reserve Mount Fuji. See Japanese gardens: miniature gardens Mozingo, Louise 127-128,130 Muhlenberg, Nicholas 104 Muir,John 102 | 135-136,141 | 182 Mumford, Lewis 74,75,85,93,95 | 98,99, 100, 102 Muromachi p .riod. Sec Japanese historical periods Muscle Shoals site. See Tennessee Valley Authority Muskie, Edmund 142 Mutsuhito, emperor °64 Nadenicek, Daniel J. 7, 11, 12, 17, 19 National Conference on City Planning 99 National Farmers Union 94 National Geographic (magazine) 41 National Japanese Literature Research Institute 250 National Trails Act. Sec government, U.S. federal National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act. See government, U.S. federal National Youth Administration. Sec government, U.S. federal National Zoological Park. See zoos Natural Resource Planning Board. Set' government, U.S. federal Netherlands 57 282 General Index New Deal 4,9,13-14,17,18,19,21,22 | 46, 69 | 71, 74, 76, 78, 79, 80, 82, 84, 85, 93- 95 landscape of 73 symbols of the modern age 73—74 New York City 8,21 | 28 | 95 | 224,225, 226-229. See also Sonfist, Alan: Time Landscape™; zoos: Central Park Menagerie and New York Zoological Park New York State Constitution 175, 183 as act of gardening 168 New York State Forest Preserve 175 New York Zoological Park. See zoos New York Zoological Society 30 NoIen,John 99 Norberg-Schulz, Christian 194, 215, 221, 243 Norris Dam. see Tennessee Valley Authority Norris, George 85 Oak Ridge nuclear test site. See Tennessee Valley Authority Odum, Eugene 6 | 23 | 119 | 173, 175 Oi River 248, 254 Olin, Laurie 113,114 | 130 | 140, 160 | 164 I 192, 198,202,228,229 Hanna/Olin 114 | 224, 226 Olmsted, Frederick Law 16 | 27-28 [ 76,87, 91 I 97, 99 I 133 Olmsted family 29 [ 99 Oregon statewide highway landscape programs 53 Pardisan,Tehran. Sec McHarg, Ian; zoos Paris 25 | 57 Parker, Paul 113 parks. See thematic index and individual entries: Balmorhea Springs State Park; Bastrop State Park; Big Bend National Park; Buescher State Park; Fort Davis State Park Perkins, Holmes 98, 99 Perry Dean Hepburn & Stewart 35,36 Philadelphia Zoo. See zoos Pinchot, GifFord 87,91 | 102,105 Pisgah Tract 124 "Plan for the Valleys." See McHarg, Ian Pollan, Michael 8 | 168,176 Poole, Kathy 205 Portico Group, The (firm) 23 Portland, Oregon 8. See also Simpson, Buster: Host Analog Potomac River basin. See McHarg, Ian Prairie Stone, Illinois 155—156, 159 Pure Land Buddhist-style gardens. See Japanese gardens Regent's Park Zoo. See zoos Regional Planning Association 100 Reisner, Marc 76 Ricoeur, Paul 194 Rikugi-en. See Japanese gardens: daimyo (feudal lords) gardens River, The (documentary film) 82—85 advertising poster for 83 directed by Pare Lorentz 82 Roberts, William 103 | 150 Rock Creek Park, Washington, D.C. 29 roji. See Japanese gardens Roosevelt, Franklin Delano 46 173,77—78, 79,93-94 Roosevelt,Theodore 13 | 84,91 Royston, Robert 98 San Diego Zoo. See zoos San Jacinto Battlefield restoration 54, 57 Sauer, Leslie 113,114 Sauer, Rolf 113,114 Schama, Simon 28 | 180 Scholastic (magazine) 80-82 Schwartz, Martha 202,207, 223,238, 240, 242 Scott-Brown, Denise 98 Sea Ranch. See Halprin, Lawrence Sears, Paul B. 91 secretaries of the Interior. See government, U.S. federal shakkei. See Japanese gardens Shepheard, Peter 98,113 Shepherd, Paul 91 Shin Kokin. See waka poems shindenzukitri. See Japanese gardens Shirahata,Yozaburo 262 Shirakawa, emperor 247, 254 shoin. See Japanese gardens Shurcliff and Shurcliff 35 Shurtleff, Arthur A. 31 Siebert, Charles 43 Sierra Club 102 | 138,142 Ansel Adams 142 283 General Index Silent Spring. See Carson, Rachel Simpson, Buster 8, 19 | 163, 165, 171, 175- 176, 179, 184 Host Analog (public sculpture, Portland, Oregon) 8 | 163,164,165,167,171, 172, 174-176,179, 184 Smith, Ken 192,202,238,240,242 Smithson, Robert 191,196,197—198, 204, 211,223, 230,238 Sommer, Robert 37 Sonfist, Alan 8,19,21 | 169 | 191,195 Time Landscape™, Greenwich Village, New York 8,15,21 | 169-171,176,177, 178,179, 184 Soper, Kate 138,139,140,150 Sorrell,Jeanette 55 South Park Zoo. See zoos Spirn,Anne Whiston 5,6,7,18 ) 41 ) 69 | 76 I 129 I 144 I 189, 192, 194, 195-196, 199 The Granite Garden (1986) 113 | 145 | 195 St. Louis Zoo. See zoos Steinitz, Carl 113 Stott, William 79 Surrey design charrette 152,153,161 Susman,Warren 79 Tansley,A. G. 171, 184 Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) 3,4, 13, 14, 16,17 I 71-95 Architectural Group with model 86 Chickamauga Dam (near Chattanooga) 78 and conservation 91 created in Act of 1933 76 dams as part of landscape designs 73, 76, 93 Division of Land Planning and Housing 85 Fontana Dam 72,91,92 and gravity dam 95 legal decisions favoring 94 map of projects 77 Muscle Shoals site 88 Norris Dam 75,77,87,88,89,92 Oak Ridge nuclear test site 94 and recreation 86 and regional economies 90 and "scenery policy" 91 The Scenic Resources of the Tennessee Valley: A Descriptive and Pictorial Inventory 90 Lake Lure 88 symbol of contemporary America 95 Tennessee River and watershed 75 and tourism 90 Wilson Dam 88, 89 Texas 3 | 45—70 Centennial ofTexas Independence (1936) 55, 60, 63 Texas Federation of Women's Clubs 54-55, 63 Texas Highway Department (THD) 3,13, 17 I 46—47, 50—55, 57, 58—67 Thoreau, Henry David 139, 141, 143 Time Landscape™. See Sonfist, Alan Toba ImperialVilla 10 1 245,246,248-249, 250, 251, 254. See also waka poems Todd,Thomas 102,103,111-112 | 150 Tokugawa shogunate. See Japanese historical periods Toronto Zoo. See zoos Toshitsuna, Tachibana 254 Tourbier,Toby 113 Udall, Stewart. Sec government, U.S. federal: secretaries of the Interior University of Pennsylvania. See McHarg, Ian U. S. Corps of Engineers. Sec government, U.S. federal Van Eyck, Aldo 98 Van Rensselaer, Marianna 204 Van Valkenburgh, Michael 188, 189, 192, 195, 202,205, 206, 207-209, 223,240 Vaux, Calvert 27—28 Vintondale, Pennsylvania. Sec Bargmann, Julie Viola blattda (species of violet) 116 sketch of the life cycle 117 waka poems 245, 251, 252, 256, 267 popular topics 252 replaced by contemplating the garden 256 Shin Kokin waka anthology (1205) 262 on Toba Imperial Villa 250 and boating 253 and cherry blossom imagery 251, 253 hunting or fishing not mentioned 253 and insects' chirping 254 senzai-awase (plant-arranging contests) 247, 253,254 Walker, Peter 8 | 189,190,196,199,207,221, 284 General Index 238, 239, 240 Wallace, David 103 ) 150 Wallace, Roberts and Todd (WRT) 150 Walnut Creek National Wildlife Refuge 150— 151, 160 Wheaton, William 98, 99 White, Richard 74-76 Wilderness Preservation Act. See government, U.S. federal Wilson, Alexander 43 Wilson, E. O. 23 Wilson Dam. See Tennessee Valley Authority Wingate, R. E. 53—54 Woodland Park Zoo. See zoos Woodlands New Community. See McHarg, Ian Woods, Alexis 231 Works Progress Administration (WPA). See government, U.S. federal World War II 4,18 [ 52,69 | 90,94 | 98 | 119, 121, 124 I 141 Worster, Donald 76,78 | 175 zoos 2 I 23, 37 Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum 37 | 110 Central Park Menagerie 26, 27, 28 Chicago Zoological Park (Brookfield Zoo) 32, 33, 34 Denver Zoo 32 Detroit Zoo 32, 35 Franklin Park Zoo, Boston 28, 31, 35, 36 Henry Doorly Zoo, Omaha 41,42 Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago 26 Miami Zoo 38 Milwaukee County Zoo 37 Minneapolis Zoo 38 National Zoological Park,Washington, D.C. 29-30,31,40-41 as"BioPark" 41 New York Zoological Park (Bronx Zoo) 29,30-31,37 Pardisan,Tehran 5-6 | 38 | 110 Philadelphia Zoo 26, 27, 33, 36 Regents Park Zoo, London 26, 35 San Diego Zoo 32, 33, 38, 39 | 110 South Park Zoo, Chicago 27-28 St. Louis Zoo 32-33 Toronto Zoo 38 Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle 23, 24, 41-42, 43 Zucker, Paul 87 |
