| Volltext: | Index Page numbers in italics refer to pages that contain illustrations. Aachen, Doniarchiv, Ms. Ci 18 (missal), 225 n.45 Aarscliot (Brabant), Notre-Dame, choir stalls, 175, 179 n.26 Abdinghof altar (Paderborn, Cathedral treasury), 186, 188-192 Abdinghof Gospels (Berlin, Staatliche Museen, Kupferstichkabinett, God. 78 A 3), 182 Adam and Eve, 80, 122, 245, 247 Adoration of the Magi: and Baptism, 110, 127, 211, 226 n.47; and circumcision of Christ, 309-312; depicted on baptismal fonts, 108-109, 111, 115-117, 119, 126; depicted on Shrine of the Three Kings, 203, 206, 208, 211,218, 219; feast of, 115, 127 /Elfric, 231, 237 /Ethelwold (bishop of Winchester), 29, 32, 33 Advent, 58, 82, 117, 119 Agatha of Catania (saint), 03 Agnes of Rome (saint), 62 Agnus Dei, 194, 196 Akirkeby, baptismal font, 119, 120 Alcttin, on drinking and drunkenness, 235, 236-237 altarpieces: and liturgy, 298-299; double-sided, 141, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 151, 152; function of, 298-299, 308, 309; relationship to altars, 141 altars: consecration of, 138; materials of, 142, 155-156 n.35; portable, 185-192; and relics, 46, 138, 141, 142-143, 144-145, 146, 185-186, 314 n.7; and saints' tombs, 142-143, 146, 147, 151, 152; types of in thirteenth- century Italy, 138, 141, 143, 145-146, 150 Altenstadt, church of St. Michael, 94-97, 100-103; baptismal font, 101-102, 103; Crucifix ("Der grosse Gott"), 101, 102; Saint Christopher fresco, 101, 102; tympanum with Dietrich and Sintram, 95. 96, 97, 100-101 Amiens, Cathedral, choir stalls, 163, 166, 169 Anderson Pontifical (London, British Library, Ms. Add. 57337), 249 Andrew ( a p o s t l e ) , 6 0 , 61 angels; on Berlin Moses ivorv, 257, 263; on choir stalls, 175-177; on Shrine of the Three Kings, 202, 205-206, 211-214, 216, 218; on Stûnga baptismal lbnt, 111, 112 "animated" books, 303 Annunciation, 81-82, 108-109, 115, 117, 119; feast of, 123-124, 309 antetypes, 84, 85, 89, 126-128, 166-167, 186, 260 apostles: depicted on Shrine of the Three Kings, 202; statues of in Sainte-Chapelle, 282 Arezzo, I'ieve, altarpiece, 147 Aristotle and Phyllis, depicted on choir stalls, 171, 172 Ark of the Covenant, 263 Arnolfo II (bishop of Milan), 33, 37-38 Arnolfo di Cambio, 138 Arras, Médiathèque Municipale, Ms. 444 (Q. 72) (missal), 64-65 Ars moriendi, illustrated on choir stalls, 175-177 Ascension, 85, 164 Assisi, San Francesco, Lower Church, 150-151; high altar in, 141, 143, 145, 150, 151; plan of, 143, 150; Presentation in the Temple, 152 Assisi, San Francesco, Upper Church, high altar in, 143, 151 Assumption, 86 Aubazine (Corrèze), tomb-shrine of Saint Etienne, 143, 144 aim m coronarium, 214, 216-218, 229 n.80 Auxerre (Yonne), Cathedral, choir stalls, 164 Avaritia (Vice), 241, 242 Baldwin, John, 279 baptism: depicted on Abdinghof altar, 191; and Eucharist, 105, 110, 126; theolog)'of, 105, 106, 110-111, 127-128 Baptism of Christ: depicted on baptismal fonts, 108-109, 111,115, 119, 121, 126, 128; depicted on Shrine of the Three Kings, 203, 206, 211; feast of, 226 n.47 baptismal fonts: Adoration of the Magi depicted on, 108-109, 115-117, 119; Annunciation depicted on, 108-109, 115, 117-119; childhood of Christ depicted on, 106-129, 130 nn.7, 10; lions on, 99-100, 117, 118, 119, 135-136 n.76; and the liturgy, 107, 110-111, 113, 115, 117; produced by Tournai workshops, 110, 111, 121, 132 n.34, 133 n.51, 136 n.96; secular imagery on, 111, 115, 117, 119, 122; types of, 107, 110. See also specific baptismal fonts by location Barberini Exultet roll (Rome, Biblioteca Apostolica Vati-cana, Ms. Barb. lat. 592), 26, 27, 28 Baveux Tapestry, 233, 244 3 20 I N D E X Belting, Hans, 309, 312 Benedictional of zEthelwolcl (London, British Library, Ms. Add. 49598), 29, 30, 31, 32-33, 34, 35 bencdictionals, 29-33, 38-39 Berlin, Kunstgewerbemuseum, gold cross from Enger, 194, 195-198 Berlin, Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Skulpturensammlung: ivory with Majestas Domini, 264-265; ivory with Moses and Thomas, 257-265, 267-270 Berlin, Staatliche Museen, Kupferstichkabinett, Cod. 78 A3 (AhdinghofGospels), 182 Bernward (bishop of Hildesheim), 79, 88-89 Berzé-la-Ville (Saône-et-Loire), chapel, 191 Besse-en-Chandesse (Puy-de-Dôme), choir stall, 163, 164 bestiaries, 169-170 Beverley (Yorkshire), St. Mary's church, choir stalls, 163 Bible passages: Genesis: Gen. 22:18, 81; Gen. 49:18, 81 Exodus: Exod. 31:18, 259 Psalms: Ps. 22:21, 100; Ps. 42:1, 105; Ps. 73:2, 89; I's. 103:15, 244; 1's. 131:11, 81; Ps. 140, 186 Proverbs: 1'rov. 8:30, 80 Isaiah: Isa. 12:3, 105; Isa. 63:2, 82; Isa. 63:3, 82 Ezekiel: Ez. 44:2, 83 Matthew: Matt. 3:16-17, 211; Matt. 4:18-19, 65 Luke: Lk. 14:15, 236; Lk. 21:34, 236; Lk. 22:30, 236 John: Jn. 1:14, 113, 262; Jn. 10:9, 101; Jn. 20:27, 259; Jn. 20:29, 261 Acts of the Apostles: Acts 10:45, 191; Acts 12:11, 64 2 Corinthians: 2 Cor. 3:3,6, 261; 2 Cor. 3:7, 261; 2 Cor. 3:18, 262 Ephesians: Eph. 4:22-24, 106 2 Timothy: 2 Tim. 2:4, 231 Hehrews: Heb. 3:3-6, 260; Heb. 3:7-10, 261; Heb. 3:12, 261; Heb. 3:15-19, 261 Revelation: Rev. 4:10, 218; Rev. 12:9, 102; Rev. 21:13, 184 Apocalypse: Apoc. 6:9, 142; Apoc. 12:7-8, 87; Apoc. 19:9, 236 Bigotian Penitential (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Ms. lat. 3182), 237-238 Binski, Paul, 298 Bischoff, Bernhai ti, 236 Bjaresjö, baptismal font, 124-125, 126, 127 Blaise (saint), 188, 189, 191 blast horns, 248, 249-250 Boniface (saint), 231, 236, 237 Book of Pericopes of Henry II (Munich, Staatsbibliothek, Ms. Clin. 4452), 215, 216, 253-254 n.69 books of hours: contents of, 55-56; images in, 55-56, 58, 66-71; suffrages in, 54-58, 62, 63, 66-71 Boston (Lincolnshire), St. Botolph, choir stall, 171 Branner, Robert, 282 Braun, Joseph, 205, 232 Breedon on the Hill (Leicestershire), Priory Church, stone shaft at, 245, 247 breviaries, 17, 62, 66 Brown, Julian, 19 Brown, Michelle, 19 Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, Ms. 9092 (Traité sur l'oraison dominicale), 299, 300 Bullough, Donald, 236 Bury Psalter (Rome, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Ms. Reg. lat. 12), 244 Bynum, Caroline Walker, 301, 303, 304, 305, 307 Byzantine style: influence of in Rhineland, 182, 195; influence of on Roger of Helmarshausen, 183, 188, 193, 194, 195 Cain and Abel, 80 Cambrai, Médiathèque Municipale, Ms. 87 (book of hours), 68, 69, 70 Cambridge, Corpus Christi College: Ms. 23 (Prudentius, Psychomachin), 243; Ms. 79 (pontifical), 40-43, 44 Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum: Ms. 89-1972 (book of hours), 68-69, 71; Ms. 298 (Pontifical of Renaud de Bar/Metz Pontifical), 139, 140, 153-154 n.7; Ms. 300 (Psalter-Hours of Isabelle of France), 56-58, 63, 65, 66-67 Cambridge, St. John's College, Ms. C.18/68 (psalter-hours), 61, 74 n.l 1 Cambridge, Trinity College Library, Ms. B.11.22 (book of hours), 67-68 Campbell, Lome, 308 Campin, Robert, 301, 303, 308, 309 Caritas, 235-236, 250 Cartmel Priory (Cumbria), choir stall, 176, 177 Catherine (saint), 56, 66, 91 Celchyth. See Chelsea Cendonius (saint), 68, 69, 78 n.69 Cerbone (saint), 141, 142 chalices: and form of baptismal fonts, 115, 126; held by angels, 212, 227 n.57; held by Virgin Mary, 124; materials for, 231-232; prohibition of horn for, 231-232, 235, 250; use of in liturgy, 186, 211-212, 231-232 Champeaux, St. Martin, choir stalls, 166, 167 Chelsea, Synod of, 231, 232, 235, 249, 256 n.95 Chester, Cathedral, choir stall with Saint Werburgh, 165 choir stalls: depictions of liturgy on, 163; form and function of, 161-162; New Testament scenes on, 163-164; Old Testament scenes on, 166-167, 169; saints and prophets depicted on, 164-165; typological images on, 166-169; vices and evil depicted on, 171-175. See also specific choir stalls by location Christ: on Berlin ivory, 259; childhood of depicted on baptismal fonts, 106-129, 130 nn.7, 10; circumcision I N D E X 3 2 1 of, 305-312; as Creator, A'0-81; crowned with thorns, 277, 283, 287; depicted on Shrine of the Three Kings, 203, 205-207, 211, 212-214, 216-218; first bath of, 124-126, 127, 128; in majesty, 82, 83, 126, 189, 205, 212, 213, 216-218, 227 n.57,' 264-265; presentation of in the temple, 121, 122, 152; probed by Thomas, 259, 262; temptation of, 241; wounds of, 213, 306-307, 309. See also Ascension, Baptism of Christ, Crucifixion, Incarnation, Nativity, Passion, Virgin Mary and Child Christopher (saint), 101, 102 Clare (saint), 142-143 Claudius of Turin, 262 Clifford, Richard (bishop of London), 41, 44 Clones, high cross, 240-241 Clonmacnoise, Cross of the Scriptures, 238 Clovesho, Synod of, 235, 236 codex, development of, 17-18, 22, 28-29 Codex aureus Epternacensis, cover (Nuremberg, Germanisches Nationalmuseum), 264, 266 collectais, 56-58, 62, 63, 66 collects, 56-63, 64-68; definition of, 54, 56, 59-60, 72 n.3; function of, 54, 59-60; images for, 56, 58, 62-63, 65, 67-68; placement of, 73 n.ll; in psalters, 73-74 n.l 1; in sacramentaries, 62-63; types of, 72 n.3 Cologne, Cathedral, 202, 206-207; Shrine of the Three Kings, see Shrine of the Three Kings Cologne, Kölnisches Stadtmuseum, watercolor of Cologne Cathedral chapel (inv. A13/125), 210 Cologne, Sclmütgen-Museum, Cross of Saint Modoaldus, 193-194 Cornelius (centurion), 191 coronation: biblical, 277, 282; depicted in Saint-Chapelle windows, 277, 279, 282, 283, 285, 287, 291; liturgies and rituals for, 208-209, 211, 225 n.41, 228 n.66, 276, 277, 279-280, 282, 283; of Otto IV, 204, 208-211, 215, 216, 219, 221-222 n.13, 222 n.18, 224 n.37. See also aurum caronarium, Coronation Ordinal of 1250 Coronation Ordinal of 1250, 283, 284 Cowlam (Yorkshire), baptismal font, 108, 115, 116 Creation, 80 Crombach, Hermannus, 206 cross-nimbus, 259 Cross of Saint Modoaldus (Cologne, Sclmiitgen-Mu-seum), 193-194 Crossley, Paul, 298 Crown ofThorns: acquisition of, 274, 280-281, 285-287; cult of, 289-290; equated with crown of France, 279, 287; liturgies composed for, 274, 279, 280-283, 287, 289-290; symbolism of, 276, 281; translation of, 280-282, 284, 287-289 Crucifixion, 43, 82, 83, 119, 164, 240, 306, 308; préfigurations of, 166-167, 260 Curschmann, Michael: career of, 11; publications of, 11-16 Cymon and Pero, depicted on choir stall, 177 Daret, Jacques, 311 Dassel, Rainald von (archbishop), 202, 220 n.3 David (king of Israel), 81, 82, 84, 238, 239, 282, 285 De Brades Hours (London, British Library, Ms. Add. 49999), 66 De diversis artibus, 181, 184-185, 198 Demus, Otto, 191 denial of Peter, 240 devils, depicted on choir stalls, 175, 176, 177 devotion, private: compared with public liturgy, 3, 47, 54-55, 299, 313; images for, 55-56, 58, 60, 66-71, 299, 307-308, 312-313; manuscripts for, 47, 54-58, 61-63, 66-71 Dietrich of Bern, 94, 102; rescuing Sintram, 95, 96, 100-101. See also Thidreks Saga af Bern Dominic of Bologna (saint), 142, 143-144 dragons, 87, 95-99, 177 drama, liturgical, 117, 210-211, 216-218 Dreikönigenschrein. See Shrine of the Three Kings drinking: by clergy, 235-237, 248; ritual, 232, 235, 236 drunkenness; among the clergy', 235-237; penances for, 237-238 Duccio di Buoninsegna, Nativity znith Isaiah and Ezekie! (Washington, D.C., National Gallery of Art), 151 Duffy, Eamon, 313 Durham, Cathedral Library, Ms. A.1V.19 (Durham Col-lectar), 75 n.34 Durrow, high cross, 240 Ecclesia (personification), 82, 83, 121, 123-124, 126, 128 Echternach, 183, 195, 198, 264, 267, 268 Ehresmann, Donald, 298 Ellmers, Detlev, 233 Enger cross (Berlin, Kunstgewerbemuseum), 194, 195-198 Epiphany, feast of, 110, 124, 127, 209, 211, 309 Epstein, Marcy, 290 Eriksson, Torkel, 126 Eucharist: and altarpieces, 298; and baptism, 105, 110, 126; and childhood of Christ, 115, 117, 121, 124; and commemoration of saints, 62; and Madonna of the tire-screen, 303, 304, 307, 309, 312; procession, 210, 211; vessels for, 231-232, 235, 249-250 Eustace of Rome (saint), 56, 57, 69, 71 Evangelist symbols: anthropomorphic, 194-196; on Liborius altar, 186, 187; six-winged, 192-193, 198; on Trier book cover (cathedral treasury, Ms. 139), 192 Eve: and Adam, 80, 122, 245, 247; Virgin Mary as new, 81, 82 Exultet rolls: captions in, 27; illustrations in, 23-27; non- 3 2 2 I N D E X liturgical use of, 27-28; notations on backs of, 23; relationship of text and image in, 23 Ezekiel, 83, 84, 85 feasts: depicted on Irish high crosses, 238, 240-241; liturgical, 19, 56-57, 63, 79-80, 89, 298, 309-312; saints', 19, 54, 56, 59, 62, 63, 79, 87, 89, 138, 164, 186, 274, 298; secular, 232-235, 237, 241, 244, 250. See to Adoration of the Magi, Annunciation, Baptism of Christ, Epiphany, Nativity Eelix (saint), 202, 222 n.17 Felix of Aquileia (saint), 186, 188-189, 191 Ferguson O'Meara, Carra, 303 Fincham (Norfolk), baptismal font, 108, 115, 116, 117 Flight into Egypt, 108-109, 111, 112-113 Florence, Cathedral: high altar, 142, 147; Santa Reparata polyptych (Giotto), 140, 141-142, 147 Fontenay-cn-Parisis (Val d'Oise), St. Aquilin, choir stall, 166 Eoni th Lateran Council, 4, 5, 1 1 1 Francis (saint), 56, 142-143 Frankfurt, Städelsches Kunstinstitut, Chris! Enthroned (Meo da Siena), 149, 159 n.86 Freckenhorst (Westphalia), baptismal font, 108, 119, 120 Freist-, Eckhard, 180, 181, 183 Freie, Walter FL, 40, 43 Fruotolf of Michelsberg, 94 Fr ut a/., Amato, 150 Fuchs, Alois, 186, 191 Gaposcbkin, Cecilia, 290-291 Gclloue Sacramentarv (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Ms. lat. 12048), 63 Gideon, 83-cSV gift exchange, 232, 234, 248 Giotto di Bondone, workshop of: Santa Reparata polyptych (Florence, Cathedral), 140, 141-142, 147; Stefaneschi Altarpiece (Rome, Musei Yaticani, Pinacoteca), 146-147, 149 Goderannus, 183, 184, 195 Godfridus censer (New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art), 184, 185 Goldschmidt, Adolph, 259, 270 Gordon. Dillian, 144 Goto di Gregorio, 141 Grabau André, 183 Gregory the Great (pope), 142, 212 Grötlingbo (Gotland), baptismal font, 123, 124 Hahn, Cynthia, 54 Harbison, Peter, 240-241 Heavenlvjcrusalem, 184, 206, 216, 219 Heiming, Odilo, 38 Helmstedt Gospels (Wölfenbuttel, Herzog August Bibliothek, Cod. Guelf. 65 Heimst.), 213 Henry (bishop of Werl), 180, 186, 193, 198, 199 Hertlein, Edgar, 150 Honorius of Antun, 127-128 horn, as material for chalices, 231-232, 235, 249, 250 horns, drinking: as grave goods, 232-235; as indicators of status, 232-234, 237, 238, 248; depicted on Irish high crosses, 238-240; liturgical use of, 249, 250; metal fittings on, 233-235, 249; owned by churches, 247-250; pagan, 232, 244; prohibited as chalices, 231-232, 235, 250; secular nature of, 232, 235, 237, 241, 244, 250; as symbols of vanitns, 241, 249; used as reliquaries, 248-249. See also blast horns, oliphants host: elevation of, 186, 211-212, 298; vessels for, 231 — 232, 235, 249-250 Hostet, Josef, 206 Hucker, Bernd, 219 Hughes, Christopher, 259 Incarnation, 82, 113, 115, 303-304 Ipswich, church of St. Nicholas, relief with archangel Michael and dragon, 99 Ivrea, Biblioteca Capitolare: Ms. XVIII (8) (benedic-tional), 39; Ms. XX (10) (benedictional), 39; Ms. LXXXVI (31) (sacramentary-benedictional), 38-39 James the Elder (apostle), 188, 191 Jantzen, Hans, 267-269 Job, depicted on choir stall, 166, 167 John (evangelist): collects for, 63, 64, 65; depicted on Liborius altar, 188; on Word made flesh, 113, 262 Jordan, William, 279 Joseph, 83, 112-113, 119, 122, 167, 169, 243 Kantorowicz, Ernst, 279 Kayser, Dr., 186, 191 Reefer, Sarah, 249 Kelly, Thomas F., 23 Kilian (saint), 180, 186, 188 Kirk, Douglas, 289 Kleinschmidt, Beda, 191 Knislinge, baptismal font, 124, 125 Koerner, Joseph, 301 Lane, Barbara, 298, 301, 303, 304, 307 Lasko, Peter, 270 LastJudgment, 202, 212, 213, 216-219 Leon, Cathedral, choir stalls, 163, 165, 179 n.28 Leon, San Isidora, baptismal font, 119 Leroquais, Victor, 56 Lewis, Andrew, 279 libelli: development of, 17; form of, 17, 22, 40; illustra- I N D E X 32 3 tions in, 22, 28-29 libelli precum. See prayerbooks Liborius (saint), 180, 186, 188 Liborius altar (Paderborn, Cathedral treasury), 180, 182, 186-188 Lincoln, Cathedral, choir stall, 174 Lindisfarne Gospels (London, British Library, Ms. Cotton Nero D. IV), 19, 20, 21, 22 liturgy: and altarpieces, 298-299; and altars, 138, 142, 152; and baptismal fonts, 107, 110-111, 113, 115, 117; definition of, 3-4, 47, 299; depicted on choir stalls, 163; depicted on Shrine of the Three Kings, 202, 204-205, 208-220; and Sainte-Chapelle, 274, 277, 279-281, 283, 287, 289-292; vessels used in, 124, 231-232, 235, 249-250. See also baptism; collects; coronation; feasts, liturgical; manuscripts, liturgical London, British Library: Ms. Add. 28106-28107 (Stavelot Bible), 183, 184, 195, 198; Ms. Add. 30337 (Exultet roll), 22-23, 24, 25, 26; Ms. Add. 49598 (Benedictional of /Ethehvold), 29-33; Ms. Add. 49999 (De Brades Hours), 66; Ms. Add. 57337 (Anderson Pontifical), 249; Ms. Cotton Claudius B. IV (Old English Hexateuch), 243, 244, 245; Ms. Cotton Cleopatra C. VIII (Prudentius, I'sychomarhia), 241, 242; Ms. Cotton Julius A. VI, 244, 246; Ms. Cotton Nero C. IV (Winchester Psalter), 244; Ms. Cotton Nero D. IV (Lindisfarne Gospels), 19, 20, 21, 22; Ms. Cotton Tiberius B. V (Marvels of the East), 244, 246; Ms. Cotton Tiberius C. VI (Tiberius Psalter), 241; Ms. Egerton 1139 (Psalter of Queen Melisende), 55, 74 n.14; Ms. Egerton 3763 (Prayerbook of Arnolfo II), 33, 36-37, 38, 39, 55; Ms. Harlev 928 (book of hours), 56, 74 n.19; Ms. Lansdowne 451 (pontifical), 43-44, 45, 46 London, National Gallery: Virgin and Child in an Interior (workshop of Robert Campin), 308, 310. See also Madonna of the Firescreen Los Angeles, J. Paul Getty Museum: Ms. 64 (Stammheim Missal), 79-91; Ms. Ludwig IX.2 (breviary), 62; Ms. Ludwig IX.3 (Ruskin Book of Hours), 56 Louis IX (king of France), 288; acquisition of Crown of Thorns by, 274, 280-281, 285-287; canonization of, 274, 290-291; depicted in Sainte-Chapelle windows, 284, 287; as heir of biblical leaders, 283, 287, 289, 292; liturgies compos cd for, 274, 290-291 Louis of Toulouse (saint), relics of, 146 Lucifer, depicted on choir stall, 176, 177 Ludovicus droits regnantium liturgy, 290-291 Luxuria (Vice), 241, 242, 253 n.63 Lyons, Bibliothèque Municipale: Ms. 539 (psalter-hymnal), 77 n.59; Ms. 5122 (Sainte-Chapelle Missal), 65 Madonna of the Firescreen (London, National Gallery): alterations to, 304-306; "blood-hyphen" in, 306-307; devotional aspects of, 307-308, 312-313; eucharistie elements in, 303, 304, 309, 312; function of, 301, 304, 308-309; genitals of Christ depicted in, 304-308, 312 Maestro di San Francesco, Lamentation over Christ (Perugia, Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria), 150, 151 Magdeburg, Cathedral, choir stalls, 175, 176, 177 Magennis, Hugh, 236, 237 Magi: Adoration of, 108-110, 115, 116, 117, 119, 203, 206, 208, 211, 218, 219, 309-312; depicted on Shrine of the Three Kings, 203, 206, 208, 211, 218, 219; in liturgical drama, 210-211; relics of, 202, 204-208, 210, 212, 219-220, 224 nn.33, 35 Mahamud (Burgos), San Miguel Arcangcl, baptismal font, 109, 122, 123 Majestas Domini. See Christ, in majesty Malouel, Jean, Pietà (Paris, Musée du Louvre), 306, 307 manuscripts, liturgical: commissioners of, 29, 33, 37-39, 44, 68; definition of, 18, 47; deluxe, 18, 29-33, 38-46, 63; development of, 17-18, 62-63; early illustrated, 17-39; later additions to, 19, 27, 40-41; physical evidence for use of, 19, 23, 32-33, 37, 41, 44. See also benedictionals, breviaries, collectars, Exultet rolls, libelli, missals, psalters Marrow, James, 301, 312 Marseilles, Bibliothèque Municipale, Ms. 111 (Marseilles Hours), 66 Marvels of the Fast, 244, 246 Massa Marittima, Cathedral: area of Saint Cerbone, 141; high altar, 141, 142 Master of Flémalle, 301, 303 Master of the Mérode Triptych, 301, 303 Meinwerk (bishop of Paderborn), 186, 191, 198 memorials of saints, 54, 56, 61-62, 66, 70. See edso suffrages Meo da Siena, Christ Enthroned (Frankfurt, Städelsches Kunstinstitut), 149, 159 n.86 mermaids. See sirens Metz Pontifical (Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, Ms. 298), 139, 140, 153-154 n.7 Metz Sacramcntary (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Ms. lat. 1141), 214-215, 218 Michael (archangel), 87, 99, 100, 102, 103 Michael, Michael, 306 Miracle of the Harvest, 113, 114 misericords. See choir stalls missals, 63-65, 66. See also Stammheim Missal Modoaldus (saint), 181, 193, 199 Mona, Guy de (bishop of St. David's), 41 Monasterboice, Cross of Muiredach, 238-240 monks, depicted on choir stalls, 163, 164, 171, 172, 17a, 176 Monza, Cathedral treasury, iron crown of Lombarde, 214-215 3 24 I N D E X Morgan, Philip (bishop of Worcester and Ely), 40-41 Moses: and burning bush, 83, 84; conversing with Israelites, 278; depicted on choir stalls, 164; depicted in Sainte-Chapelle windows, 278, 282; as God's famulus, 257, 260, 262; linked with Thomas, 259-263; receiving the Law, 257-260; striking the rock, 239, 240 Munich, Staatsbibliothek: Ms. Clm. 4452 (Book of Peri-copes of Henry II), 215, 216; Ms. lat. 6264a (Officium stellae), 211 Munkbrarup (Denmark), baptismal font, 99—100 Nabor (saint), 202, 222 n.17 Nâjera (Logrono), Santa Maria la Real, choir stalls, 162 Naples, Santa Chiara, high altar, 141, 145-/46 nationalism, and art history, 265, 267-270 Nativity, 58, 83, 84, 115, 151; depicted on baptismal fonts, 108, 113, 115, 117, 124, 125, 126; depicted in Stammheim Missal, 83, 84; feast of, 110, 115, 309 New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Godfridus censer, 184, 185 New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Cloisters, Ms. L. 1990..38 (book of hours), 66 New York, Pierpont Morgan Library: Ms. M.92 (collectai'), 56-57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 66; Ms. M.641 (Sacramen-tary of Mont-St.-Michel), 63; Ms. M.729 (Psalter-Hours of Yolande de Soissons), 63, 64, 66 Nicholas of Myra (saint), 67, 68 Nicolas of Verdun, 204, 206 Nordström, Folke, 106 Norwich, Castle Museum, book of hours, 66 Nuremberg, tiermanisches Nationalmuseum, cover of Codex aureus Epternacensis, 264, 266 Nuremberg, Stadtbibliothek, Ms. Solger 4.4" (Nuremberg Hours), 55 Officium stellen; 21 I Old English Hexateuch (London, British Library, Ms. Claudius B. IV), 243, 244, 245 oliphants, 248 Operatio (Virtue), 241, 242 Orbais (Marne), abbey church, choir stalls, 163 Origen, 262 Otto IV of Brunswick, 212, 219: coronation of, 204, 208-211, 215, 216, 219, 221-222 n.13, 222 n.18; depicted on Shrine of the Three Kings, 204-206, 208, 209-212, 214-219 Paderborn, Cathedral treasury: Abdinghof altar, 186, 188-192; Liborius altar, 186-188 pagan objects: drinking horns, 232, 244; gems on Shrine of the Three Kings, 203, 205-206, 211, 212, 217-218; sarcophagi, 144 Palazzo, Eric, 66 Panofskv, Erwin, 263-265, 267, 269-270, 299, 301, 303, 308 Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France: Ms. lat. 1141 (Metz Sacramentary), 214-215, 218; Ms. lat. 1246 (Coronation Ordinal of 1250), 283, 284; Ms. lat. 3182 (Bigotian Penitential), 237-238; Ms. lat. 9428 (Sacramentary of Drogo), 63; Ms. lat. 12048 (Gellone Sacramentary), 63 Paris, Musée de Cluny, ivory with apostle Paul, 264 Paris, Musée cht Louvre, Pietà (Jean Malouel), 306, 307 Paris, Sainte-Chapelle: decorative program of, 274, 276-279, 281-292; function of, 274, 276, 282; liturgies composed for, 279-281, 289-290; Old Testament images in, 276-277, 285; Relics/Royal window in, 284-289; restoration of windows in, 284, 285, 295 n.46, 295-296 n.48 Paris, St. Gervais-St. Protais, choir stall, 173 Paris, St. Victor, choir stalls from, 166 Passion, 119, 276, 277, 281, 282; instruments of, 213; relics of, 274, 282, 284, 288-290 Paul (apostle), 260-262 pelicans, depicted on choir stalls, 170 Penitential of Cuntmean (Rome, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Cod. Pal. lat. 485), 237 Perugia, Galleria Nazionalc dell'Umbria, Lamentation over Christ (Maestro di San Francesco), 150, 151 Perugia, San Francesco al Prato, 144, 151 Perugia, San Pietro: abbey, 142, 147, 149; altarpiece (Meo da Siena, Christ Enthroned), 149, 159 n.86 Peter (apostle), 86, 188, 191, 240 Pharaoh Dreaming of Cows, 166 Phyllis. See Aristotle and Phyllis pilgrimage, and saints' tombs, 142, 146, 152 Pinder, Wilhelm, 268-269 Play of Antichrist, 216-218 Pommersfeldcn, Schönbornsche Bibliothek, Ms. 333-334 (Saint Castor Bible), 183 Pontifical of Renaud de Bar (Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, Ms. 298), 139, 140, 153-154 n.7 pontificals, 40-46, 138. See also Anderson Pontifical, Metz Pontifical Potiphar, 167, 169, 243 Prayerbook of Arnolfo II (London, British Library, Ms. Egerton 3763), 3.3, 36-37, 38, 39 prayerbooks, 33, 36-38, 47, 54-55 Presentation in the Temple, 121, 122, 152 Pride (Vice), depicted on choir stalls, 173, 174 private worship. See devotion Prudentius, Psychomacliia, 241-243 psalter-hours, 54, 55, 66, 69 Psalter-Hours of Isabelle of France (Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, Ms. 300), 56, 58, 63, 65, 66-67 Psalter-Hours of Yolande de Soissons (New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, Ms. M.729), 63, 64, 66 Psalter of Queen Melisende (London, British Library, Ms. Egerton 1139), 55, 74 n.14 Psalter of Saint Jerome, 33, 38 I N D E X 3 2 5 Rauh, Horst Dieter, 218 Regularis Concordia, 60, 235-236 relics: in Abdinghof altar, 186; and altars, 46, 138, 141, 142-143, 144-145, 146; antique gems as, 212; displayed in horns, 248-249; of Magi, 202, 204-208, 210, 212, 219-220, 224 nn.33, 35; of Passion, 215, 274, 282, 284, 288-290; and portable altars, 185-186, 188, 191; processions of, 207, 282, 288, 289; of saints, 91, 142-144, 145, 146, 181, 186, 188, 191, 199, 202, 292; in Shrine of the Three Kings, 202, 204-206, 208, 212, 217-220; translation of, 181, 188, 193, 199, 202, 206-207, 212, 224 n.35. 274, 280-282, 284, 287-289, 292; of Virgin Mary, 188, 249. See also Crown of Thorns, Translatione corona spinea liturgy reliquaries, 180; of Crown of Thorns, 282; horns as, 248-249; as models for altarpieces, 152; portable altars as, 185-186, 188, 191. See also Shrine of the Three Kings Reynolds, Catherine, 303 Ringbom, Sixten, 299 Roger of Helmarshausen: career of, 181, 183-184, 198; and De diversis artibus, 181, 184-185, 198; documentary evidence on, 180-181; iconography used by, 184-186, 188, 192, 194-196; style of, 181-184, 188, 192, 197-198; works by, 181-182, 185-198 Rome, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana: Ms. Barb. lat. 592 (Exultet roll), 26, 27, 28; Ms. Pal. lat. 485 (Penitential of Cummean), 237; Ms. Reg. lat. 12 (Bury Psalter), 244 Rome, Mitsei Vaticani, Pinacoteca, Stefaneschi Altar-piece, 146-147, 149 Rome, Old St. Peter's, 146-/47, 148 Rome, Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, altar-block, 138, 141 Rome, Santa Maria in Cosmedin, high altar, 141 Rome, St. Peter's, high altar, 138, 141, 142, 151 Roosval, Johnny, 106, 107 Roper, Sally, 61 Rouen, Cathedral, choir stalls, 168, 169, 172, 178 nn.23, 27 Ruskin Book of Hours (Los Angeles, J. Paul Getty Museum, Ms. Ludwig IX.3), 56 sacramentaries, 62, 65 Sacramentary of Drogo (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Ms. lat. 9428), 63 Sacramentary of Mont-SL-Michel (New York, I'ierpont Morgan Library, Ms. M.641), 63 Saint Castor Bible (Pommersfelden, Schönbornsche Bibliothek, Ms. 333-334), 183 Saint-Sulpice-de-Favière (Essonne), choir stalls, 164 Sainte-Chapelle Missal (Lyons, Bibliothèque Municipale, Ms. 5122), 65 saints: commemorations of in books of hours, 54-58, 62, 63, 66-71; cult of, 54, 69; depicted on choir stalls, 164-165; feast days of, 19, 54, 56, 59, 62, 63, 79, 87, 89, 138, 164, 186, 274, 298; paintings of in Sainte- Chapelle, 282; relics of, 91, 142-144, 145, 146, 186, 188, 191, 202, 292; tombs of, 142-143, 146, 147, 150, 151, 152 Salome, 55 Samson, depicted on choir stalls, 167, 168, 169 Sansepolcro, abbey of San Giovanni, high altar, 145 Sansepolcro, San Francesco, high altar, 145 Santona, Monastery of Santa Maria del Puerto, baptismal font, 110, 117, 118, 119 Sapientia (Virtue), 80 Sauerländer, Willibald, 270 Saul, arming David, 238-240 Scandinavia: aurochs horns from, 234, 249; baptismal fonts in, 106, 107, 111-115, 119, 121-125, 127-129; sculpture workshops in, 106, 107, 111 Schneider, Friedrich, 257, 264, 269 Schonemann, Petrus, 206 Scott, Kathleen, 40, 44 secular imagery: on baptismal fonts, 115, 117, 122; on church facades, 94, 100-103; on Shrine of the Three Kings, 226-227 n.54; in Stammheim Missal, 84. See also dragons, pagan objects, unicorns Seven Deadly Sins, 171 Shrine of the Three Kings (Cologne, Cathedral): Adoration of the Magi depicted on, 203, 206, 208, 210, 211, 212, 218, 219; alterations to and restorations of, 204-206, 220-221 n.4, 222 n.16, 223 n.19, 224 rt.31; angels depicted on, 202, 205-206, 211-214, 216, 218; antique gems on, 203, 205-206, 211, 212, 217-218; Christ in majesty on, 205, 207, 212-214, 216-218; inscriptions on, 202, 204, 212, 213, 221 n.5, 223 n.24; depiction of Otto IV on, 204-206, 208, 209-211, 214-219; relics in, 204-212, 214-219 Sicard of Cremona, 105, 137 n.105, 156 n.36 Siena, Cathedral, 141; altarpiece (Duccio, Maestà), 141, 151 Simeon, 121, 122 Simris (Skâne), baptismal font, 125, 128 Sintram, rescued by Dietrich of Bern, 95, 96, 100-101 sirens, depicted on choir stalls, 171, 173 Skâne (Sweden): baptismal fonts in, 106, 115, 121, 124— 125, 126, 127, 128; sculpture workshops in, 106, 107, 111, 115 Sloth (Vice), 171, 172 Spiegel, Gabrielle, 277 spies from Canaan, depicted on choir stall, 166, 168 Stammhcim Missal (Los Angeles, J. Paul Getty Museum, Ms. 64): commissioning of, 79; contents of, 79-80, 90; "feast" miniatures in, 83-87, 89, 91; frontispieces in, 80-83, 89, 91; Old Testament images in, 80-82, 83, 84-85; text of, 89; typological imagery in, 84, 85, 89 Stânga (Gotland), baptismal font, 111, 112, 113, 114 Stavelot, abbey, 181, 183, 184 Stavelot Bible (London, British Library, Ms. Add. 28106-28107), 183, 195, 198 3 2 6 I N D E X St. Claude (Jura), Cathedral, choir stalls, 164, 178 n.7 Stefaneschi Altarpiece (Rome, Musei Vaticani, Pinaco-teca), 146-147, 149 Steinberg, Leo, 305, 306, 309-310 Stephen (saint), 63 St.-Martin-aux-Bois, choir stall, 1 75 St. Petersburg, Hermitage Museum, Virgin and Child in an Interior (workshop of Robert Campin), 308, 310 Stratford-on-Avon, Holy Trinity Church, choir stall, 170 Strayer, Joseph, 279 suffrages, 54-71; as devotional texts, 56; in books of hours, 54-58, 62, 63, 66-71; function of, 56, 69-70; images for, 55-56, 66-71; origin of, 54, 55, 60, 65-66; placement of, 57, 66 Sttnesen, Anders (archbishop of Lund), 106 Sutton Hoo, drinking horns from, 233-234 Synagoga (personification), 82, S3, 121 Taplow (Buckinghamshire), drinking horns from, 234 Tellus (personification), 24, 26, 27 Theodoric the Great, 94. See also Dietrich of Bern Thiilreks Saga af Hern, 95-96, 99 Thietmar (abbot of Helmarshausen), 180, 181, 191, 193 Thomas (apostle): on Berlin ivory, 259; disbelief of, 260-263; linked with Moses, 259-263; probing Christ's side, 259, 262 Three Magi. See Magi Tiberius Psalter (London, British Library, Ms. Cotton Tiberius C. VI), 241 Toledo, Cathedral, choir stalls, 172, 178 tt.24 Torsy, Jakob, 211 Tournai, baptismal fonts from, 110, 111, 121, 132 n.34, 1.33 it.51, 136 n.96 Translalione corona spinea liturgy, 280-281, 289, 290 Trier, cathedral treasury, Ms. 139, cover, 192-193 typological imagery: on baptismal fonts, 126-128; on Berlin Moses ivory, 257, 260; on choir stalls, 166-167, 169; on Liborius altar, 186; in Stammheim Missal, 84, 85, 89 unicorns: depicted on choir stalls, 170; depicted in Stammheim Missal, 84 Vail (Gotland), baptismal font, 112, 121 vanitas, horns as symbols of, 241, 249 van Os, Hertk, 298 Verona, Cathedral, abacus with dragon, 97, 98 Vices, depicted on choir stalls, 171-173. See also Avaritia, Luxuria, Pride, Sloth, vanitas, wrath Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Ms. Vindo-bonensis 2554 (Vienna Bible), 167, 169, 178 n.18 Villamiel cle Muno (Burgos), baptismal font, 109, 117, 718, 123 Villefranche-de-Rouergue (Aveyron), Collegiate Church of Notre-Dame, choir stalls, 174, 179 n.30 Virgin Mary: annunciation to, 87-82, 108-109, 115, 117, 119; assumption of, 86; and Child, 140, 205, 209, 211, 303-313; and Ecclesia, 123-124, 126; enthroned, 188, 205; milk of, 306-308; as new Eve, 81, 82; as personification of the Church, 86-87; prayers to, 54-56, 61, 66-69; as womb of the Church, 123. See also Nativity Virtues: depicted on choir stalls, 175, 177; depicted on Shrine of the Three Kings, 202; spurning Luxuria, 241-243. See also Operatio, Sapientia Vöge, Wilhelm, 264-265, 267-269 Warmondo (bishop of Ivrca), 38-39 Wartburg, Museum, tympanum with dragon, 97, 98 Washington, D.C., National Gallery of Art, Nativity with Isaiah and Ezekiel (Duccio di Buoninsegna), 757 Weiss, Daniel, 282, 289 Werburgh (saint), 165 Wimmer, Ludwig, 125 Winchester Psalter (London, British Library, Ms. Cotton Nero C. IV), 244 Wisdom of Creation, 80 Wölfenbuttel, Herzog August Bibliothek, Cod. Guelf. 65 Heimst. (Helmstedt Gospels), 213 Women at the Tomb, 84 wrath, depicted on choir stalls, 171, 173 Young, Karl, 210 Zamora, Cathedral, choir stalls, 178 nn.5, 24 Zcnobius (saint), 140, 141 Zwierlein-Diehl, Erika, 203, 217 |
