| Volltext: | Index Entries have subdivisions in the following order: (a) references in introductions and slight mentions; (b) text written by the subject of the main heading; (c) references in texts of other authors. absolute painting 91, 92, 170 abstract art, abstraction 2, 5, 11-13, 224, 357-61, 376; American Abstract Artists 396; Arp 276; Atlan 624-5; Barr 381-3; Davis 431-5; Denis 45; Doesburg 282-3; Dondero 668; Einstein 113; Ernst 493; Fried 835; Gottlieb 573; Greenberg 562-8, 775-6; Halley 1042; Hepworth 395; Hilton 773; Hoch 322; Kandinsky 91, 92; Malevich 296-7; Meier-Graefe 56; Mondrian 286, 290, 387; Moretti 1186; Motherwell 644; Newman 574, 783; Nicholson 398-401; Oehlen 1164; Picasso 508; Pollock 571, 584-5; Read 511-14; Reinhardt 821,822-3; Richter 1151-4; Rothko 573;Rozanova 206; Sedlmayr 663; Worringer 66-9; Yoshihara 698, 700; see also geometric abstraction; neo-plasticism; non-figurative; non-objectivity Abstract Expressionism 589, 643, 689, 690, 814; Barr 383; Greenberg 785; Halley 1043; Judd 824; Lichtenstein 749-50; Morris 884; Motherwell 643; Reinhardt 821; Rosenberg 589; Steinberg 973; see also action painting Abstraction-Création 314, 393, 396, 652; text 374-6 Absurd, Theater of the 755 absurdity 902 academies, academicism: Boccioni 151; Bourdieu 1023-4; Burgin 940; Chirico 237, 238; Gottlieb 569; Greenberg 540; Gropius 313; Malevich 175, 295-6, 296-7; Marinetti 148—9; Picasso 509; Rivera 423— 4; Siqueiros 681 Academy: Delauney 153; Gauguin 20; Gropius 310-11; Malevich 176, 182; Tretyakov 475; Weinstock 432 Acconci, Vito 995 action painting 589-90, 709, 814 action-spectacle 724 Activism movement 495 Adler, Jankel 260 Adorno, Theodor 360, 692; texts 527-9, 663-5, 779-83; Habermas 1123; Jameson 1000; Kracauer 478; Luhmann 1077, 1078; Lyotard 1132, 1134; Richter 1149 advertising, publicity 690; Barthes 698; Burgin 938, 941-2; Graham 916; Halley 1045; Kruger 1041-2; Oldenburg 743; Warhol 747; see also mass media Aeschylus 1006 aesthetics, aestheticism 5, 692; Adorno 781; Bataille 483; Baudrillard 980; Bell 107-10; Benjamin 494; Burgin 894-6, 940, 1069, 1070; Croce 102-7; Derrida 946; Doesburg 282—3; Fry 75-82; Greenberg 540, 541, 562; Klucis 490; Kosuth 854, 856; Lyotard 1136; Malevich 182-3; Mukarovsky 518-20; Newman 576-7; Ortega 325-6; Owens 1030-2; Smith 586-8; Worringer 66; see also beauty Africa, Africanism: Einstein 110-16; Fanon 712; Macke 96; Oguibe 1170-5; see also négritude agit, agit-prop 349, 474, 476, 489-91, 502 AIDS 1114 AKhRR (Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia) 472, 476, 480; text 403-6 Index 1229 Albers, Josef 1034 Albert-Birot, Pierre 257 Alberti, Leon Battista 1118 Alexandrov, Georgi Fedorovich 695 alienation: Brik 351; Burn 936-7; Debord 705-6; Fried 789; Prinzhorn 123; Vergine 909; Williams 1085 allegory: Art & Language 1041; Burgin 1072; Croce 106; Gauguin 19,20; Owens 1025-32; see also symbol Alloula, Mark 1058-9 Alloway, Lawrence 975; text 715-17 Alma-Tadema, Lawrence 670 alterity see other Althusser, Louis 817, 949, 965; text 953-60 Amado, Raimundo 914 American Abstract Artists Group 397; text 396-7 American Scene school 435 Ammann, Jean Christophe 1143 anarchism 30, 55, 140, 160, 532 Anderson, Perry 816, 1187 Andre, Cari 813, 926; texts 820, 922; Fried 840; Hesse 901, 902; Krauss 1033; Mendieta 1064; Owens 1028 Angela de Foligno 1138 Anquetin, Louis 46-7 Anselmo, Giovanni 897 anthropology 13,97,116,690,1005,1106,1173; see also ethnography; ethnology anthropomorphism 837, 840 anti-art 223, 728, 729, 800 anti-colonialism 1106; Fanon 710-15; see also colonialism; post-colonialism anti-form 814, 900; see also formless; Process Art anti-materialism 304; see also ideal, idealism; spirit, spirituality Antin, David 976 anxiety: De Kooning 582; Jameson 1049; McLuhan 755; Steinbach 1054; Vergine 909; see also absurdity; alienation Apollinaire, Guillaunie 447; texts 185-6, 186-7, 187-8, 188-90, 228-30; Breton 452, 463; Delaunay 153; Greenberg 578; Lyotard 1136; Merleau-Ponty 770; Morris 829; Picasso 215; Williams 1087 ' Apollo 383 Appel, Karl 659 applied art 59, 96; Brik 351; Kahnweiler 213, 214; Schlemmer '307; see also commercial art Aquinas, St Thomas 448, 592 Aragon, Louis 498, 502, 648, 661; texts 453-6, 456-7 Arbeitsrat fur Kunst 167, 269-70 ARBKD (Asso): text 408-11 archetype 378-81, 512 Archipenko, Alexander 166, 227, 550 architecture 7, 13, 59; Benjamin 525-6; Bhabha 1112; Dali 488; Doesburg 283; Gropius 269-70, 312, 314; Judd 1142; Kahnweiler 213, 214; Kosuth 854; Le Corbusier 240; Léger 204, 205; LeWitt 848; Lyotard 1131; Malevich 507; Mondrian 290, 291; Morris 829; Motherwell 643; Novembergruppe 266; October 481; Read 511; Schlemmer 307, 308; Shklovsky 278; UNOVIS 302; see also buildings Arias, Bernardo 656 Arias, Pablo 656 Aristode 541, 683, 922-3, 1091, 1181 Arman (Armand Fernandez) 724, 725 Armory Show (New York) 62, 542 Arnheim, Rudolf 890 Arp, Hans: text 276-7; Abstraction- Création 374; Barr 383; Benjamin 524; Greenberg 567, 579; Huelsenbeck 257; Judd 826, 827; Wall 1161 Art & Language: texts 885-90,942-3,1039-41; Atkinson 868; Burn 891,935; Kosuth 852; Lippard 921; Ramsden 933; see also Art- Language art as idea 852; see also idea art Art Brut 559-60, 603, 605-8 art condition 853, 855, 857, 859 art criticism 817, 1014-15, 1069; Art & Language 886-8; Bürgin 1069; Burn 937; Fried 788-9,791; Gauguin 20; Greenberg 779; Kandinsky 93; Kelly 1063; Kosuth 854-5; Krauss 979; Malevich 182; see also theory art for art's sake 157-8; Adorno 528; Greenberg 541; Gropius 311; Kemenov 657, 658; Luhmann 1080; Mukarovsky 519; Plekhanov 157-8; Rivera 422; Schlemmer 307; Siqueiros 429; Sironi 425; see also autonomy art history, historians 1-2,1016; Barr 381-2; Bourgeois 1089-90; Bürgin 1069; Fried 788; Kandinsky 86, 303; Klingender 641-2; 1230 Index art history, historians (cont'd) Krauss 979; Kubler 751, 752, 753; Merleau- Ponty 768-9; Picasso 217; Wall 1161 Art-Language 852, 885, 942; see also Art & Language art market see market Art Nouveau 51, 486 Art Workers' Coalition 915—17, 922, 925, 934; text 926-7 Artaud, Antonin 560; text 608-11; Aragon 457; Baselitz 631, 633; Fried 843; Vergine 907 Arte Povera 873-7, 897-900 Artforum 936; text 922-6 Artist Placement Group (APG) 920 Artists' Equity Association 666 Artists' International Association 437 Artists' Meeting for Cultural Change 933 Artists' Union (USA) 431, 434 Artists' Union (USSR) 417, 481 Arts Council (UK) 680 Asher, Michael 1038 Askevold, David 998-9 Assemblage 718, 719, 724 Asso see ARBKD association 88-9 Atget, Eugène 1027-8 Atkinson, Terry 860; texts 868-73, 885-90; see also Art & Language Atlan, Jean-Michel: text 624-5 audience: Fried 843; Halley 1053; Kaprow 719, 722; Wall 1159; see also spectators Augustine, St 379, 1134 aura: Benjamin 521, 522, 524; Wodiczko 1066, 1067 Aurier, G .-Albert 47 author, authorship 3; Althusser 960; Barthes 968; Benjamin 493-9; Emst 492; Foucault 949-53; Kelly 1060-2; Kippenberger 1102, 1104-5; Krauss 1033 automatism 453,458,491: Breton 451-2; Emst 492; Pollock 571 autonomy 2, 6-7, 130-1, 692; Adomo 528-9, 779, 781, 782; Benjamin 494; fieuys 1144; Bürgin 938; Greenberg 774 -9; Habermas 1128; Lenin 138; Luhmann 1078; Morris 832; Mukarovsky 518, 520; Popova 335; Richter 1150; Robbe- Grillet 762; Salcedo 1180; Simmel 132; Smith 760; Trotsky 442; Wollheim 807; see also art for art's sake autopoiesis 1077-8 avant-garde, avant-gardism 4, 11, 14, 127-8, 129-30, 221-5, 689-90; Barr 381, 670; Bourdieu 1021-5; Burgin 942; Debord 701, 702, 707; Fougeron 661; Graham 916; Greenberg 539-49; Habermas 1124-5; Kabakov 1175;Kemenov 656; Krauss 1032-7; Lewis 162; Lyotard 1133, 1136; Manzoni 722; Morris 881; October 480; Plekhanov 155; Prinzhorn 121; Rozanova 205; Tatlin 334; Trotsky 442; Williams 1085-6 Avery, Milton 786 Aver, A. J. 852, 857-8, 860 Babbitt, Irving 562 Bach, Johann Sebastian 47, 48, 230 Bachelard, Gaston 398, 695, 819 Bacon, Francis 1166; text 635-9 Baer, Jo: text 922-3 Bahr, Hermann: text 116-21 Bainbridge, David 868, 885, 888-9; see also Art & Language Bakhtin, Mikhail 1160 Baldessari, John 1038 Baldwin, Michael 860, 885, 889; texts 868-73, 1039- 41; see also Art & Language Ball, Hugo 257; text 250-1 Balzac, Honoré de 501, 763, 969, 1074 Baiuiard, Walter Darby: text 923 Barbizon painters 62 Bardon, Geoffrey 1107 Barlach, Emst 673 Barnes, Barry 3 Baroque 382, 580, 654 Ban-, Alfred H., Jr: texts 381—3, 670-3 Barrés, Maurice 48 Barry, Robert 1028; text 851-2 Barthes, Roland 690, 949; texts 693-8, 965-70; Foster 1037-8; Halky 1044; Krauss 1036-7; Levine 1039; Owens 1029; Rose 1073-4 Baselitz, Georg: text 631-5 Basquiat, Jean-Michel 1110 Bastien-Lepage, Jules 78 Bataille, Georges 652, 814; texts 482-4,484-6; Barthes 966; Dali 486; Habermas 1130; Kristeva 1138 Baudelaire, Charles: Art & Language 1041; Artaud 610; Barthes 694, 696; Bell 1122; Benjamin 520; Denis 49; Fried 787; Habermas 1124, 1128; Jom 710; Lyotard 1132; Ortega 330; Owens 1029-30; Spengler 230; Wall 1158, 1159 Index 1231 Baudrillard, Jean 1015, 1033, 1044, 1045; texts 979-82,1018-20 Bauhaus 224—5; De Stijl 281; Doesburg 281; Gropius 269, 311-14; Itten 304; Kandinsky 302; Klee 362, 369; Lyotard 1131; October group 480; Ozenfant 369; Read 511; Schlemmer 306-9; Wols 595 Baumgartner, Thomas 673 Baziotes, William 574 beauty: Apollinaire 189; Benjamin 522; Cage 734; Camus 629; Endell 59-60; Fontana 655; Fry 80, 82; Habermas 1128; Kosuth 854; Léger 504-5; Lyotard 1133-6; Mondrian 285, 292; Newman 580—2; Oehlen 1170; Picasso 509; Rosenberg, A. 413; Shevchenko 100; Smith 587; Wollheim 804; Worringer 66, 68; Yoshihara 699; see also aesthetics Beckett, Samuel 755, 798, 902, 1087; text 616-19 Beckley, Bill 998 Beckmann, Max 249, 578, 673; text 270-1 Beethoven, Ludwig van 19, 79, 326, 664 Behrens, Peter 310 Bell, Clive 592; text 107-10; Bürgin 939, 940; Collingwood 536; Croce 102; Itten 304; Lewis 162 BeU, Daniel 1016; text 1117-22; Habermas 1125; Kristeva 1137; Lyotard 1122; Richter 1147 Bell, Larry 859 Belling, Rudolf 265 Bellini, Giovanni 1031 Ben-Amos, Paula 1107 Benito, Enrique 656 Benjamin, Walter 8, 359, 360, 816; texts 493-9, 520-7; Adorno 527, 779, 782; Art & Language 1041; Bhabha 1113; Brik 349; Habermas 1125, 1130; Kracauer 478; Krauss 998; Lyotard 1134; Owens 1025, 1026, 1027, 1029,1030; Wall 1158; Wodkzko 1068 Benn, Gottfried 548, 686, 1130 Benton, Thomas 569-7Q Berger, John 942,1058 Bergson, Horn 129, 130, 150, 163,1124; text 141-4 s Bemal, Cesar 656 Bernard, Emile 12, 33-6,46-7,49, 70 Bernini, Gian Lorenzo 806 Beuys, Joseph 727, 1151,1179, 1180; texts 903-6,929-30, 1143-6 Bhabha, Homi K.: text 1110-16 Bickerton, Ashley: text 1051-4 Birnbaum, Dara 1038 Bissière, Roger 771 Bladen, Ronald 840, 859 Blake, William 593, 792 Blanche, Jacques Emile 70, 509 Blast 162, 163-4 Blaue Reiter, der 65, 82, 93, 95, 116, 276; text 158-9 Bleyl, Fritz 65 Blin, Roger 610 blindness: Mitchell 1083-5 Bloch, Emst 360, 539; text 530-2 Block group 316, 376 Blok, Alexander 128; texts 144-5, 263-5 Bloom, Harold 1026 Bloomsbury group 162 Boccioni, Umberto 129, 130, 550; text 150-2 Böcklin, Arnold 31, 58 body, the: Boccioni 150-1; Fried 839; Kelly 1061; Lacan 621-3; Matisse 71; Morris 831; Oiticica 914; Sartre 611, 614-16; Schapiro 517; Vergine 906-10; Wodiczko 1066-7; see also nudes Body Art 815, 906,909,1061 Boetti, Alighiero 897 Boguslavskaya, Kseniya 182 Bohemia, bohemianism 540-1, 564 Bolshevism 223-4, 359; AKhRR 404, 406; Blok 263; Central Committee 417-18; Huelsenbeck 257, 260, 262; Kemenov 658; Punin 336; Reed 418; Trotsky 442; see also cultural bolshevism Bonnard, Pierre 46, 357, 578, 579, 640 Borchardt, Rudolf 528 border crossing 1110-16; see also other Borges, Jorge Luis 1025-6 Bosch, Hieronymus 622 Botticelli, Sandro 750 Bouguereau, William Adolphe 216, 504 Bourdieu, Pierre: text 1020-5 Bourgeois, Louise: text 1088-90 bourgeois, bourgeoisie 129, 221, 222, 223, 691; Adomo 529; ARBKD 409-10; Bahr 119-20; Benjamin 494; Debord 701-2; Gleizes 242-3, 244 -5; Halley 1044 -5; John Reed Club 419, 420; Kemenov 657; Léger 160, 204; Lenin 138; Lukâcs 413; Machinas 727; Oldenburg 744; Plekhanov 158 1232 Index Brancusi, Constantine: Andre 820; Gaudier- Brzeska 166; Greenberg 541; Judd 826; Krauss 1033; Read 513; Rosenberg 550 Braque, Georges: text 214-15; Apollinaire 189; Breton 458, 461, 462-3; Delaunay 152-3; Denis 48; Einstein 110; Fried 788; Greenberg 539, 541, 579; Kahnweiler 208,209,210-11; Lyotard 1136; Metzinger 184, 185; Ozenfant 227, 228; Picabia 275; Rivière 193; Vlaminck 640 Brauntuch, Troy 1027, 1051 Brecht, Bertolt 816; text 499-502; Adorno 528, 781; Art & Language 1041; Benjamin 495-6, 498; Burgin 896; Cavell 798; Fried 843; Graham 916; Haacke 931; Habermas 1130; Warhol 747; Williams 1086, 1087 Breton, André 357, 360, 558; texts 447-53, 457-63, 463-7, 532-5; Aragon 453; Bataille 482-3; Chirico 58; Dali 486; Dubuffet 605; Ernst 491, 493; Kahlo 649; Read 513; Rosenberg 552; Tapié 629 Breughel, Pieter 271, 424 Bridgman, Percy Williams 869 Brik, Osip: texts 347-8, 348-52, 470-3 Brodie, Gandy 820-1 Broodthaers, Marcel 1038, 1105, 1153; text 931-2 Brown, Trisha 1028 Bru, C.P. 771 Brücke 65, 94,96, 271 Bruitism 258 Brunelleschi, Filippo 828 Buchloh, Benjamin 1147-57 buildings 20, 55-6, 525, 1066-8; see also architecture Bulatov, Eric 1175 Bunuel, Luis 486 Buren, Daniel 921, 1038, 1136; texts 861,861-7 Bürger, Peter 1125 Bürgin, Victor 942; texts 894-6, 938-42, 1068-72 Burgos, Rodolfo 656 Burke, Edmund 580 Burlyuk, David 506 Burn, Ian 933; texts 891—3, 935—8; see also Art & Language Butor, Michel 809 Büttner, Werner 1102, 1162, 1163, 1165, 1168 Cabaret Voltaire 250, 252, 276 Cage, John 690; text 734-7; Bell, D. 1118; Bürgin 895; Cavell 796, 798; Celant 898; De Kooning 582; Fried 843; Johns 761; Maciunas 727; Warhol 749 Calder, Alexander 550, 1097 calico-print 348-9 call to order (rappel à l'ordre) 46, 221, 222, 242, 245 Campbell, Edwin R. 1186 Campbell, John W. 716 Campendonk, Heinrich 265 Campigli, Massimo 425 Camus, Albert: text 626-9 Canova, Antonio 248 capitalism 129, 223, 358; ARBKD 409-10; Baudrillard 979; Bell 1119-22; Beuys 1145; Debord 705-6; Gleizes 242-3; Greenberg 549; Guttuso 646; Jameson 1000-1, 1047; John Reed Club 418-21; Klingender 438; Kracauer 479-80; Newman 785; Steinbach 1054; Wall 1159; Weber 136-7; see also liberal capitalism Carlsund, Otto 375 Carlyle, Thomas 29 Caro, Anthony 692; Cavell 796, 797, 798; Fried 837, 840, 842-3, 844-5; Kosuth 860; Scott 801; Smithson 878; Tucker 801 Carrà, Carlo 224, 272, 273, 425; text 232-6 Carter, Elliot Cook, Jr 843 Carus, Karl Gustav 378 Casanova, Laurent 661-2 Cassirer, Paul 36, 37 Cassou, Jean 648 Castoro, Rosemarie: text 923-4 Catholicism (Roman) 1054-5 Cavell, Stanley: text 796-800 Cazeneuve, Horatio 656 Celant, Germano 873; text 897-900 Celine, Louis-Ferdinand 1139 Cercle et Carré 3% Cervantes, Miguel de 628-9 César (César Baldaccini) 724 Cézanne, Paul 11, 12-13; text 33-6; AKhRR 404; Apollinaire 188,189; Barr 383, 672; Beckmann 271; Bell 107-8; Buren 864; De Kooning 582, 583; Denis 39-46, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50; Fried 788; Gleizes 194, 195, 201; Greenberg 541, 775, 776; Gris 246; Hofmann 373; Judd 827; Kahnweiler 209, 211; Kosuth 856; Léger 203, 204-5, 503; Lyotard 1136; Matisse 72, 74, 384; Meidner 168; Merleau-Ponty 768, 769; Metzinger 185,194, 195, 201; Ozenfant 227; Picasso 509; Richter 1151; Rilke 36-9; Index 1233 Rivière 192; Rozanova 207; Schlesinger 669; Spengler 231; Stili 592; Tzara 254; UNOVIS 301; Vlaminck 640 Chagall, Marc 300, 412, 462, 673 Chamaillard, Ernest de 46 Champfleury 1109 chance 597, 704; see also automatism; Dada Chandler, John 919 Chaplin, Charlie 464, 523-4 Chardin, Jean Baptiste Siméon 41, 46, 74, 185 Chasnik, Ilya 300 Chateaubriand, François René 326, 966 chiaroscuro 363-4, 365-6 Chipp, Herschel B. 3-4 Chirico, Giorgio de 224, 846; texts 58, 236-9; Carrà 232; Greenberg 549; Lyotard 1136; Weininger 28 Chomsky, Noam 1006 Christensen, Dan 860 Christianity: Bell, D. 1119; Gaudier- Brzeska 165;Judd 1141; Kristeva 1139; Weininger 30; see also Catholicism Christo (Christo Jaracheff) 724, 846 Churchill, Winston 671 Cimabué, Giovanni 19, 776, 819 Cimarosa, Domenico 230 cinema ree film Circle 359 cities (metropolis) 127, 128, 690; Beckmann 271; Debord 702; Meidner 167, 168-71; Simmel 132-6; Wollen 1108; Wood 436 Civil Rights movement 815, 922 civilization 120-1, 448; see also primitive art Clark, Lygia 914 Clark, T. J. (Tim) 1026, 1039, 1040 Clarté 457 class 129, 691; Bell 1119; Debord 702-3; Jamieson 1001; John Reed Club 418-21; Léger 504; Meier-Graefe 53; Mendieta 1065; Motherwell 643-5; Schapiro 516-17; Spivak 1092, 1093; Williams 1004; see also bourgeois; proletariat class struggle 129; Althusser 953- 4, 956-7; ARB KD 408,411; Art & Language 943; Debord 703; Grosz 470;. John Reed Club 420-l; Lenin 138; Lukâcs 416; October 481 ; Plekhanov .158; Red Group'407 classical art, classicism 14,222,225; Apollinaire 228,229;Carta 232; Cézanne 34; Chirico 237-8; Denis 40-1, 42-3,46, 49, 50-1; Detain 245; Hartlaub 248; Le Corbusier 239; Léger 202; Malevich 174, 175; Pollock 583, 584; Punin 338; Rosenberg, L. 236; Strzeminski 316 Claude see Lorrain Clay, Jean 816 Qemente, Francisco 1110 Cobra group 560, 624, 659, 661 Cocteau, Jean 398 Cold War 6, 559, 689, 1013; Baselitz 631; Kemenov 656; Motherwell 659 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 610, 1030-1 Coll, Louis 656 collages, papiers collés 223; Arp 276; Art & Language 888; Braque 215; Huelsenbeck 257; Lichtenstein 750; Owens 1030; see also montage; photomontage collections, art 54-5, 1104; see also museums Collingwood, R. G.: text 536-9 colonies, colonialism 13-14, 1016; Fanon 711—15; Oguibe 1170; Said 1006, 1058—9; Spivak 1093-6; Wollen 1106; see also anti-colonialism; post-colonialism colour: Boccioni 151; Brik 471; Buren 863-4; Carrà 234; Cézanne 35; Chirico 238; Delaunay 153, 154; Denis 41-2, 43, 44, 45, 50; Derain 63; Fontana .655, 656; Fry 81; Gabo 300; Gauguin 19; Gieizes 198,199; Greenberg 785-6; Gris 246; Gropius 313; Grosz 273; Hartlaub 248; Hoch 323; Hofmann 373; Kahnweiler 209, 210, 212; Kandinsky 87-9, 90, 91-2; Klee 363-4, 365-6,368; Klein 818-20; Le Corbusier 242; Léger 161, 202-3; Malevich 179-80, 292-3; Manzoni 722-3; Matisse 71, 72,73; Meidner 170; Merleau-Ponty 769; Mondrian 284-6; Morris 832; Nicholson 399,400; Olitski 795-6; Richter 1152, 1156-7; Rilke 36, 37, 38-9; Ryder 62, 63; Schlemmer 309; Signac 15-18,16—18; Tatlitt 352—3 Coltrane, John 910 Combat 626 Combine paintings 718, 734, 735 commercial art 748, 750; see also applied art commitment 762-5, 779-83 commodities, commodification 815, 1051; ARBKD 409; Bourdieu 1022-3; Broodthaers 932; Burn 935; Diederichsen 1162-3; Graham 915-17; Halley 1053; Jameson 1046, 1048, 1049; Judd 1141; Kelley 1101; Kelly 1061, 1062; Kippenberger 1103-4; Lippard 920-1; Steinbach 1052; see also market 1234 Index communism 221, 223-4, 357-8, 361, 558, 559, 816; Barr 670-3; Breton 463; Central Committee 417-18; Dondero 665-8; Fougeron 661-2; Grosz 272-4; Guttuso 646; Huelsenbeck 259-60, 261; John Reed Club 418-21; Kemenov 656; Klingender 437; Komfut 333; Léger 502; Lenin 402; Lukâcs 417; Lyotard 1122; Novembergruppe opposition 268; Picasso 648; Punin 337; Read 511-12; Red Group 407-8; Rivera 421-4; Schlesinger 669-70; Shahn 674-5; Siqueiros 406; Trotsky 443-4; Warhol 747; Weininger 29; see also Marxism community 1177-8, 1183 composition 813; Kahnweiler 209; Léger 161-2; Malevich 182; Matisse 70-1; Meidner 169; Mondrian 285, 286, 291; Stella 820 conception 72, 786-7; see also idea Conceptual Art 815, 816, 1014, 1068-9; Art & Language 942-3; Atkinson 885-90; Atkinson and Baldwin 868-73; Barry 851-2; Bell 1120; Bürgin 894-6, 1068-72; Burn 935; Burn and Ramsden 891-3; Graham 917; Kosuth 853-61; LeWitt 846-9, 849-51; Lippard 919; Naumann 911;Oehlen 1163, 1168; Pistoletto 876; Ramsden 934; Ukeles 919; Wall 1158, 1161 concepts, conceptualism 105, 804, 920-1, 934 concrete art, concretism: GRAV 726; Machinas 728; Yoshihara 700 Condorcet, Marie Jean de 1127 consciousness 98, 174,178, 360, 537—9; see also self-consciousness Constant (Constant A. Nieuweriheuys) 771; text 659-61 construction 276, 297, 303, 828,1157 Constructivism 5, 225, 314—16; Barr 383; Brik 347, 470-1; Bürgin 938, 940; Doesburg 314; Gabo 384-7; Gan 343-4; LEF 346; Malevich 506, 507; Morris 829; Rodchenko 340, 341-2; Tatlin 334; see also Tectonics consumers, consumerism 689; Alloway 716; Barthes 968-9; Bourdieu 1022; Debord 706; Hamilton 742; Kraus 173; Manzoni 722; Restany 724; Schapiro 516 content: Gabo 385; Greenberg 541; Klingender 437—9; Krauss 977; Liebermann 30, 32; Mukarovsky 519; Schapiro 515-16; Trotsky 446; see also subject-matter contingency 725, 815, 1054, 1079-80 Cooper, Martin 676 Copernicus 318, 961 Copi, Irving M. 853 Corinth, Lovis 412 Cormon studio 46 Cornell, Joseph 582, 826, 846, 1033 Corot, Jean Baptiste Camille 50, 54,62,230,778 Corrente group 646 Counter-Attack 675—6 Courbet, Gustave 11, 54, 130; AKhRR 405, 405; Apollinaire 188, 189; Buren 865; Fried 791-2; Gleizes 194, 201; Greenberg 564; Klingender 438; Lichtenstein 750-1; Matisse 75; Owens 1029; Wollen 1109 craftsmanship 404-5, 570, 901—2, 912; Chirico 236-9; see also technique Crane, Hart 541-2 creation, creativity 626-9,755-7; see also author; originality Creeley, Robert 1118 Crimp, Douglas 1052 criticism see art criticism Croce, Benedetto 12; text 102-7; Collingwood 536; Greenberg 786; Owens 1025, 1031, 1032; Still 592 Cross, Henri-Edmond 16, 198 crude art see Art Brut Cubism 127-8, 130-1, 222, 223, 224, 557-8; Apollinaire 185-6, 186, 187-8, 188-90; Art & Language 885; Barr 383; Bergson 141; Boccioni 150; Braque 214-15; Burgin 939; Delaunay 152-3; Doesburg 284; Dondero 668; Einstein 110; Fontana 654; Fried 789; Gabo 299, 385; Gleizes 194-201, 242; Greenberg 567, 577-80, 776; Hartlaub 247, 248; Kahnweiler 208-14; Kosuth 856; Le Corbusier 241; Léger 159, 201-2; Lissitsky 319; Malevich 175, 179, 180-1, 296; Meidner 167, 170; Metzinger 184; Mondrian 284; Morris 884; Newman 581; Ortega 328-9; Ozenfant 226-7; Picasso 215-17; Plekhanov 155, 156-7; Rivière 190, 192-4; Rosenberg 236; Steinberg 972; Strzeminski 317; Tzara 254; UNOVIS 301; Vlaminck 641 Cucchi, Enzo: text 1143—6 cultural bolshevism 359, 412, 439, 548,668 cultural field 1020-5 Index 1235 culture 689-91; Art & Language 943; Bell 1117-22; Beuys 1144-6; Blok 144-5; Debord 701-2, 705-6; Fanon 710-15; Foucault 989-94; Guttuso 646-7; Habermas 1126-7; Halley 1042-5; Meier-Graefe 51-7; Mendieta 1065; Moore 679-80; Said 1006, 1008-9; Wall 1158-9; Williams 729-34, 1001-5; Wollen 1106-7, 1108; see also high art; mass culture; proletarian culture Cunningham, Merce 727, 734, 749 Curie, Pierre 452-3 Cutforth, Roger 891, 935 Dada, Dadaism 222-3, 224, 407; Arp 276; Ball 250-1; Benjamin 4%, 524-5; Dondero 668; Gleizes 242, 243-5; Grosz 467-8; Hamilton 743; Huelsenbeck 257-9, 259-60; Manzoni 722; Newman 581; Picabia 274; Ray 277; Tapié 629-30; Tzara 252-7; Warhol 749; Yoshihara 701 Dali, Salvador 360; text 486-9; Bataille 484, 485,486; Fried 846; Greenberg 549; Lacan 620; Read 513; Sedlmayr 663 Dalton, John 961 Damisch, Hubert 1063 D'Annunzio, Gabriele 1097 Dante Alighieri 104, 1006 Danzker, Jo-Anne Birnie 1039 Darboven, Hanne 1028, 1176 Daubigny, Charles François 54 Daumier, Honoré 681,750 David, Jacques-Louis 11; Fried 791-2; Gleizes 194; Greenberg 776; Owens 1029; Picasso 216 Davis, Ron 860 Davis, Stuart 750; text 431-5 De Angelus, Michele 910-12 De Kooning, Willem 674, 785; text 582-3; Fried 787, 790; Hesse 901; Steinberg 972, 974 De Man, Paul 1025 De Stijl group 224, 287, 314; text 281 death 146-7, 263, 748-9, 1089, 1180-2 Debord, Guy 690,707-8; text 701-7 Decadent school 445-6 deconstruction 1046-51, 1052 decoration, decorative art: Denis 40; Endell 59-61; Gletzes 195; Hilton 771; Hofmann 372, 373; Kahnweiler 209; Kosuth 854; Le Corbusier 241; Mondrian 290-1; Schlemmer 306; see also design; handicrafts; ornament Degas, Edgar 20, 47, 50, 80, 640, 1109 degenerate art 412, 439, 673 dehumanization 327-8, 330; see also humanism Deineka, Alexander Alexandrovich 480, 671-2 Delacroix, Eugène: Cézanne 33; Delaunay 153; Denis 43; Derain 64; Fried 791-2; Gauguin 19; Klein 819; Matisse 73; Motherwell 644; Signac 15-16, 17, 18 Delaroche, Hippolyte (Paul) 194 Delaunay, Robert: text 152-4; Apollinaire 189; Meidner 170; Merleau-Ponty 768, 769; Metzinger 184; Rivière 193 Deleuze, Gilles 990, 993, 1181 dematerialized art 904,919-20, 1060 democracy 676, 903-6, 929-30, 969, 1142; see also liberalism; socialism Denis, Maurice 14, 46, 64, 70, 222; texts 39-46, 46-51 depth 193, 227, 768-70, 1049-50; flatness; perspective Derain, André 224, 249; texts 63-5, 245; AKhRR 404; Apollinaire 189; Benjamin 524; Breton 458,462; Kahnweiler 209; Rivière 194 dérive 701, 703- 4; see also détournement; Situationism Derrida, Jacques 1044,1047, 1092, 1130,1182; text 944-9 Derzhavin, Gavril Romanovich 280 Descartes, René 383, 600, 620, 1134 design 7,81,197,311 desire 488, 660-1,983, 1052, 1072 Desvallières, George-Olivier 70 Détaillé, Jean Baptiste Edouard 204 détournement 701,704-5, 707—10; see also dérive; Situationism Deutsche Werkbund 310 Devéria, Achille and Eugene 194 Dewey, John 898 Diaghilev, Sergei Pavlovich 550 Dickens, Charles 1086 Dickhoff, Wilfred 1163 Diderot, Denis 601,1141 Diederichsen, Diedrich: text 1162-3 difference 690-1; Bhabha 1111-12; Bourdieu 1020,1021; Buren 865; Burgin 1072; Fanon 710; Kelly 1059, 1061; Mulvey 982 Dine, Jim 750 Diogenes 612 Dionysius the Areopagite 379, 383 1236 Index displacement 24, 25 Disraeli, Benjamin 1007 Divisionism 150, 151; see also Neo-Impressionism Dix, Otto 268, 269; text 408 Doesburg, Theo van 224, 281, 583; texts 281-4, 314-16 Dondero, George 673, 674, 675; text 665-8 "Donkey's tail" group 99 Dostoyevsky, Fyodor Mikhailovich 265, 1183 drawing 237-8, 571, 585, 784 dreams: Aragon 456; Barthes 696; Bell, D. 1118; Bide 145; Breton 448-9, 450; Chirico 58; Ernst 491, 493; Freud 21-8; Fry 77; Jung 379-80; Lacan 622; Mitchell 1082-3; Wols 597 Drouet, Minou 694 Drouin, René 595 Dubois-Pillet, Albert 16 Dubuffet, Jean 559; texts 603-5, 605-8; Greenberg 579; Steinberg 973, 975; Tapié 629; Wols 595 Ducasse see Lautréamont Duchamp, Marcel 222, 690; text 252; Apollinaire 189; Art & Language 885; Atkinson 888,889; Bourdieu 1023, 1024; Hesse 902; Johns 760-1; Judd 826,827; Kosuth 852, 855—6; Krauss 996-8; Lyotard 1133, 1136; Morris 884; Oldenburg 744; Owens 1026,1028; Richter 1147, 1151; Rivière 193; Steinberg 973; Warhol 747 Dufrêne, Jacques 725 Dufy, Raoul 194 Duhamel, Georges 525 Duhem, Pierre 870 Dumas, Alexandre 969 Dungert, Max 269 Dunikowski, Xaver 166 Durand-Ruel gallery (Paris) 20, 54 Dürer, Albrecht 1080 Duret, Théodore 17 Durkheim, Emile 380 Duthuit, Georges: text 616-19 Duve, Thierry de 1133 Dwinger, Ernst 628 dynamism 129; Boccioni 150-1, 152; Gleizes 197; Habermas 1124; Lissitsky 320; Malevich 177-8; Marinetti 146; Rozanova 207-8; Siqueiros 430; Strzeminski 317; UNOVIS 302; see also movement; speed earth art, earth works 877-81; see also land art; landscapes easel painting: Brik 348-52; Hofmann 372-3; Pollock 571; Rivera 424; Schlemmer 306, 307, 308; Siqueiros 406; Tretyakov 474 East, the see orientalism Eber, Elk 673 Ebert, Friedrich 268 economics: Burn 935; Doesburg 315; Judd 1141; Kelley 1100-1; Malevich 294-5, 297; see also market economy: Baudrillard 981-2; Bell 1120; Beuys 1144-5; Foucault 994; Le Corbusier 240; Simmel 133-4 education: Beuys 904-6; Gropius 309-14; Itten 304; Judd 1140-1; Lenin 402; Novembergruppe 266; Prinzhorn 122; Reinhardt 822; Rodchenko 340-1; Spengler 231; Wood 436; see also learning; teaching Ehrenburg, Ilya 314, 764; text 344-5 Ehrenzweig, Anton 878, 881, 882, 883,890 Einstein, Albert 188, 592 Einstein, Carl: text 110-16 Eisenhower, Dwight D. 670 Eisenstein, Sergei Mikhailovich 480 Elan 226 Eliot, T. S. 536, 539, 542, 546, 684,1087 Eluard, Paul 457, 491, 492, 541-2, 648 emotion: Bell 107; Braque 215; Collingwood 537, 538; Fry 78-9, 80-1, 82; Hilton 772-3; Matisse 70-4; Metzinger 184; Picasso 509; see also expression; sensation empathy 60-1,66-9 Endell, August 13; text 59-61 Engels, Friedrich 415-16, 421, 695 Ensor, James Sidney 673 environment 415, 718,719, 914; see also Happenings; installation Enzensberger, Hans-Magnus 780 Epstein, Jacob 1.66 Ermolaeva, Vera 300 Ernst, Max 453, 457, 513, 550, 663; text 491-3 Esprit Nouveau see new spirit essence, essentialism 282,601, 663-4, 796, 813 Essenin, Sergei Alexandrovich 280 . esthetics see aesthetics ethnicity 1092, 1112, 1113 . ethnography 111, 1106-7; see also anthropology ethnology 96, 97; see also anthropology Euclid 196 Evans, Walker 1027-8 Index 1237 evolution 690; Le Corbusier 240; Picasso 216; Pollock 584; Reinhardt 823; Trotsky 446 Ewers, Hans Heinz 412 exhibitions: Art Workers' Coalition 927; Barry 851; Buren 862; Doesburg 314, 315; Gropius 270; Kelly 1063—4; Meier- Graefe 57; Murphy 897; Novembergruppe 266; Rivera 423; Siqueiros 431; Smithson 970, 971; see also galleries; museums Existentialism 559, 560, 595; Camus 626; De Kooning 582; Foucault 949; Hallev 1043-4; Kosuth 860; Krauss 978; Lacan 623- 4; Ponge 625; Sartre 600; Wols 595 Export, Valie: text 927-9 expression 13, 127; Beckett 618; Bourgeois 1090; Collingwood 536; Dix 408; Jameson 1046-51; Kandinsky 92; Kelly 1061; Klee 365-6; Lacan 620; Léger 160, 161; Matisse 70-3; Mondrian 387-93; Oehlen 1163; Picasso 216—17; Pollock 584; Rilke 39 Expressionism 127-8, 129-30, 359, 558; Bahr 116-21; Baselitz 631; Bloch 530-2; Camus 626; Dondero 668; Grosz 274; Hartlaub 247,248; Huelsenbeck 257-8, 260, 262; Kokoschka 97; Kosuth 858; Lyotard 1136; Marc 93; Meidner 167; Nolde 96; Prinzhorn 121, 123; Rosenberg 412, 413; Spengler 231-2; Tapié 629; see also Abstract Expressionism; Blaue Reiter; Brücke Fackel, Die 111 factography 471, 473-4 Fadeyev, Alexander 669 Fanon, Frantz: text 710-15; Bhabha 1115,1116 fantasy 31; Alloway 716; Aragon 456; Jung 380; Rose 1073; see also imagination Faraday, Michael 753 Fascism 221,333,357-8,359,361; Adorno 781; ARBKD 409-10; Benjamin 526, 527; Breton 532; Guttuso 647; John Reed Club 419; Marinetti 146; Rosenberg 552-3; Sironi 424-6; see also Nazism Fautrier, Jean 595, 631 Fauves, Fauvismi Apollinaire 185-6, 189; Barr 383; Breton 462; Denis 46; Derain 63; Lichtenstein 751;Matisse 69. 74,384; Signac 15; a-feeling see emotion Feininger, Lyonel Charles Adrian 673 Fels, Florent 462 feminism 1016; Art Workers' Coalition 927; Bhabha 1113; Bourgeois 1089; Burn 938; Export 927; Hoch 322; Jung 378; Kahlo 649; Kelly 1059, 1061-2, 1063; Kristeva 1137; Marinetti 148; Mulvey 983; Rose 1072, 1076; Spivak 1094; Ukeles 918; see also gender; women Ferdière, Gaston 608 fetishism 987, 1071, 1072; see also Aragon; Bataille; Breton; Dali; Freud Feuerbach, Ludwig Andreas 464, 981 Fichte, Johann Gottlieb 29 Fifth International 929, 930 Filiger, Charles 46 film (cinema): Adorno 528; Alloway 716; Apollinaire 229, 230; Benjamin 520-7; Bürgin 941; Fried 843; Greenberg 544-5; Klingender 438; Lassaw 397-8; Léger 204; Lissitsky 321; Mulvey 982-9; Said 1058; Tretyakov 474 -5; Trotsky 443 Fineman, Joel 1032 Fischer see Lueg Flack, Audrey 1110 Flagg, James Montgomery 670 Flandrin, Jean Hippolyte 75 flatness 775-7; see also depth; perspective Flaubert, Gustave 756, 969,1008,1086 Flavin, Dan 846 Fletcher, Angus 1028 Fluxus group 690, 725, 727, 757,903-4, 905, 929 folk art 429,544,716; see also peasants; primitive art Fontainas, André 18-20 Fontana, Lucio 722—3; text 652-6 Fontenay, Charles de 194 Forain, Jean Laim 640 Forbes collection 54—5; see also collections form: Barthes 695; Bell 107-10; Buren 862-3; Burgin 939-40; Carri 234; Denis 44-5, 49; Doesburg 282—3; Einstein 111—12,115, 116; Endell 59-61; Fried 788-9, 793-5; Fry 82; Gabo 385; Gleizes 1%, 197, 199-200; Gropius 311, 312—13; Grosz 273-4; Hepworth 394—5; Hesse 902—3; Hofmann 373; Itten 304, 305; Judd 1142; Kahnweiler 211,213—14; Kandinsky 90—1, 92-3; Klee 367; Klingender 437-9; Le Corbusier 242; Liebermann 32; Lissitsky 318-21; Macke 95-6; Malevich 181; Manzoni 723; Mondrian 285-6; Morris 883; Mukarovsky 519; Nicholson 399, 400; 1238 Index forni (cont'd) Picasso 217; Punin 338-9; Ryder 62, 63; Shklovsky 277; Strzeminski 316; Tapié 630-1; Tretyakov 476; Trotsky 446; see also autonomy; shape formalism 277; Barthes 695; Bloch 532; Brik 347-8; Bürgin 938-42; Burn 936; Camus 626; Derrida 944,949; Fried 787-90, 791; Greenberg 542, 545; Guttuso 647; Halley 1044; Hesse 903; Kemenov 657-8, 658; Klucis 489; Kosuth 854-5; LEF 346; Mukarovsky 519; Oehlen 1168; Ray 277; Read 512, 513; Siqueiros 681; Tapié 630; Trotsky 445 formless 483, 603, 652, 814; see also anti-form; Informe Fortini, Franco 940-1 Fortune 676 Foster, Hal 1045; text 1037-8 Foucault, Michel 817, 1016; texts 949-53, 989-94; Barthes 965; Bürgin 1071; Habermas 1130; Halley 1044, 1045; Jameson 1049; Said 1007; Wodiczko 1066 Fougeron, André 648; text 661-3 Fox, The 933; see also Art & Language Fragonard, Jean Honoré 776 Francblin, Catherine 1054-6 France, Anatole 448 Franck, César 47 Frankenthaler, Helen 787, 820, 975 Frankfurt School 493, 527, 779, 1123 Franz Josef, Emperor 171 Fraser, Andrea 1102, 1103 Free Art Studios 298 freedom 6, 360; Abstraction-Création 374; Breton 447, 534-5; Buren 866; Denis 51; Guttuso 646; Hepworth 396; Kemenov 657; Lenin 139-40; Malevich 295; Meier- Graefe 53; Motherwell 644; Novembergruppe 265; Ramsden 933, 934; Schlesinger 668-9; Simmel 132, 135; Smith 588; Spengler 230 Freiligrath, Ferdinand 417 Frémiet, Emmanuel 75 French Revolution 422, 485-6 frescoes 425; see also mural painting Freud, Sigmund 12, 14, 360, 558; text 21-8; Barthes 6%, 965, 1015-16; Bataille 484; Bell 1119; Breton 448-9, 451, 464, 465-6; Burgin 1071, 1071-2; Ernst 491; Jameson 1049; Jung 378-9; Kahlo 649, 650; Kristeva 1055; Lukâcs 685-6; Mitchell 1082-3; Mülvey 984; Pollock 585; Rose 1073, 1074, 1076; Smithson 878; Still 592; Williams 1086 Freytag, Gustav 469-70 Fridman, Marcos 656 Fried, Michael 692, 813, 814, 815; texts 787-93, 793-5, 835—46; Burgin 939; Cavell 796; Collingwood 536; Greenberg 562; Kabakov 1178; Kosuth 855; Krauss 976, 977-8; Lyotard 1131; Merleau- Ponty 768; Morris 828; Olitski 795; Smithson 878; Wollheim 803, 808 Friedlaeder, Salomo (Mynona) 261 frottage 491 Fry, Roger 12, 14; text 75-82; Bell 107; Burgin 939, 940; Croce 102; Denis 39, 40; Fried 788; Lewis 162 Frye, Northrop 1026-7 functionalism 491; see also Constructivism; photomontage Funi, Achille 425 Futurism 127-8, 129-30, 222; Bergson 141; Boccioni 150-2; Chirico 238; Dondero 668; Einstein 113; Fontana 654; Gabo 299; Greenberg 549; Hamilton 743; Hartiaub 248; Huelsenbeck 258-9; Komfut 333; Krauss 1033; LEF 346; Lissitsky 320; Malevich 175, 176-8, 179-80, 506; Marinetti 147-8; Meidner 167,170; Strzeminski 317; Tretyakov 475; Trotsky 443, 444-5, 446; Tzara 254; UNOVIS 301, 302 Gabo, Naum 513, 829; texts 298-300, 384-7; Barr 383; Fried 837; Klucis 489 Gaillard, Pol 648 Gainsborough, Thomas 805 Galbraith, Kenneth 756 Galileo 961 Gallén-Kallela, Akseli Valdemar 634 galleries, art 815; Atkinson 887, 889; Bourdieu 1021—2; Denis 40-1; Kaprow 718; Kelly 1062; Lippard 920; Smithson 970; see also collections; exhibitions; museums Gan, Alexei 341,480, 941, 942; text 343-4 Garcia Oliver, Juan 535 Gaudi, Antonio 486 Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri: text 163-7 Gauguin, Paul 12, 13; text 18-20; Atlan 624; Barr 383, 672, 673; Denis 41, 44, 46-9, 49-50, 50; Matisse 384; Rosenberg 412 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 318-19 gender 322-3, 817, 982, 986-7, 1042; see also feminism; patriarchy; women Index 1239 genealogy 989, 991-3 Genet, Jean 625, 696, 749 genius: Aragon 453; Breton 462; Denis 51; Dubuffet 605; Hoch 322; Kelly 1060; Weininger 28-9, 30 geometric abstraction 383, 557, 629; see also gestural painting geometry 12; Abstraction-Création 374; Apollinaire 187-8; Barr 383; Cézanne 33; Gleizes 196, 200; Kahnweiler 213; Kosuth 859-60; Lissitsky 317-21; Meidner 170; Metzinger 185; Mondrian 389; Morris 883-4; Nicholson 400; Ozenfant 370; Schlemmer 308 George, Stefan 781 Gerassimov, Alexander 671, 672 Géricault, Théodore 791-2 German Revolution 224, 265, 269, 270 gestalt: Art & Language 890; Fried 837; Lacan 621-2; Morris 828, 829-30, 832, 839; Prinzhorn 121, 122, 124 gestural painting 698, 700, 1147, 1164; see also geometric abstraction; informal abstract art Giacometti, Alberto 579, 582, 611-12, 625-6, 768 Gide, André 528, 542, 552 Ginkhuk 352; see also Inkhuk Ginsburg, Moisei Yakovlevich 480 Giorgione 640 Giotto 73, 107-8, 545; Greenberg 778-9; Guttuso 646; Klein 819; Rivera 424 Glass, Philip 910 Gleizes, Albert: texts 194-201, 242-5; Abstraction-Création 374; Apollinaire 189; Delaunay 152; Plekhanov 156-7; Rivière 193 global, globalization: Bhabha 1110,1115; Foucault 990; McLuhan 754, 755; Said 1006; Wollen 1106, 1108, 1110; see also transnationalism Goebbels, Joseph 412, 548, 640, 672 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 120, 137, 261, 828, 1117 Gogol, Nikolai Vasilievich 265, 1086 Gold water, Robert 1088 Golyscheff, Jefim 259 Gombrich, E. H. 1039, 1084-5 Gomez-Pena, Guillermo 1110, 1114 Goncharova, Natalia Sergeyevna 1109 Gonzalez, Julio 1097 Goodman, Nelson 1084-5 Goodman, Paul 1033 Gorky, Arshile 579, 787, 901 Gorky, Maxim 280 Gothic: Barr 382; Gaudier-Brzeska 165; Léger 204; Newman 580 Gottlieb, Adolph 559, 582, 783, 787; texts 568-9, 573 Gould, Glenn 1149 Goya y Lucientes, Francisco José de 152, 203, 681, 808 Graham, Dan 885, 1038; text 915-17 Gramsci, Antonio 956, 1007, 1119 GRAV (Groupe de Recherche d'Art Visuel): text 725-7 Greco, El 46, 153, 582, 640, 681, 778 Greek art: Apollinaire 188; Arp 276; Bahr 119; Gaudier-Brzeska 164; Kandinsky 83; Matisse 72; Meier-Graefe 52; Metzinger 184; Newman 580; Nolde 97; Picasso 216 Green, Renée 1110,1112-13 Greenberg, Clement 3, 360, 691, 692, 813, 814, 1014; texts 539-49, 562-8, 577-80, 773-9, 785-7; Alloway 715; Bloch 530; Burgin 939, 1069-70; Burn 936; Cavell 7%; Fried 788, 789-90, 794, 838, 839, 842; Hofmann 371; Judd 824; Kelly 1060; Kosuth 854; Krauss 976-7; Matisse 383; Morris 828; Olitski 795; Spengler 230 Gris, Juan 110, 189, 550, 659; text 246 Gropius, Walter 304, 511, 514; texts 269-70, 309-14 Grosvenor, Robert 840 Grosz, George 224, 357; texts 272-4,411-12, 467-70; Huelsenbeck 257,259; Meidner 167; Novembergruppe Opposition 269 Gründet, Günther 497-8 Grünewald, Matthias 271, 469 Grützner, Eduard 469 Guattari, Félix 990 Guérin, Charles 70 Guest, Eddie 539, 546 Guggenheim, Peggy 570, 571 Guston, Philip 820 Gutai art 698-701 Gutenberg, Johannes Gensfleisch 204 Guttuso, Renato 561; text 646-7 Haacke, Hans 921, 1038, 1169; text 930-1 Habermas, Jürgen 1016; text 1123-31; Lyotard 1123,1131,1132, 1135-6 Hahn, Meyer de 46 Hains, Raymond 725 Halley, Peter: texts 1042-5, 1051-4 1240 Index Hals, Frans 792 Hamilton, Richard 715; text 742-3 Hampshire, Stuart 791 handicrafts 308, 885; see also decoration, decorative art Hansen, Alfredo 656 Happenings 717,719-22,814,929,1179; see also environment; installation; performance harmony: Adorno 664; Delauney 154; Doesburg 283; Matisse 70, 71; Mondrian 288, 290; Ozenfant 228; Signac 17 Harrison, Charles 920, 1069; text 1039-41; see also Art & Language Harrison, Susan 1159 Hartlaub, Gustav Friedrich: text 247-9 Hartmann, Eduard von 378 Hausmann, Raoul 257, 321; text 259-60 Hausmann, Rudolf 269 Hay, Deny s 1008 Heartfield, John 224, 259, 321,409, 496 Heckel, E. 65, 123 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich: Adorno 780; Althusser 954; Bell 1120; Breton 464; Fried 790; Klingender 641; Kosuth 852-3; Lukâcs 415; Lyotard 1137; Motherwell 643; Newman 580; Rosenberg 591; Still 592 hegemony 813, 1015, 1119, 1008-9 Heidegger, Martin 601, 684; Bhabha 1110; Jameson 1047; Owens 1030; Rorty 1091 Heine, Maurice 486 Hélion, Jean 374, 513 Hemingway, Ernest 1088 Hennings, Emmy 250 Henry, Charles 20 Hepworth, Barbara 513; text 393-6 Heraclitus 487 Herbin, Auguste 193, 374 Herder, Johann Gottfried 716 Hermes Trismegistus 770, 950 Herwegh, Georg 417 Herzfelde, Wieland 110, 357; text 467-70 Hesse, Eva 1033; text 900-3 high art 690-1, 692, 930, 1015, 1017 see also kitsch; modernism Hildebrand, Adolf 110,112, 248 Hiller, Kurt 260 Hilton, Roger: text 771-3 Hippocrates 950,951 historical materialism 225, 342, 463-4, 944 history, art see art history Hitchcock, Alfred 987 Hitler, Adolf 412, 548-9,672,673; text 439-41 Hoch, Hannah 269; text 321-3 Hofmann, Hans 573, 787, 821; text 371-4 Hofmannsthal, Hugo von 36 Hofstadter, D. R. 1078 Hokusai 545 Hölderlin, Johann Christian Friedrich 610 Holzel, Adolf 306 Holzer, Jenny 1015, 1038, 1102 Homer 527, 632 Houston, James 1107 Hoyland, John 860 Hrdlicka, Alfred 1168 Huebler, Douglas 851, 921 Huelsenbeck, Richard 582; texts 257-9, 259-60, 260-3 Hugo, Victor 325, 1006 Hulme, T. E. 550, 877-8 humanism 559; Althusser 953; Blok 263-5; Bürgin 1071; Moore 677; Ortega 324; Sartre 600-2 Hurrell, Harold 868, 885; see also Art & Language Hutten, Ulrich von 265 hybridity, hybridization 1028, 1106; Bhabha IUI; Wollen 1108 Hyper-Realism 1015, 1017, 1018-20; see also simulation, simulacrum hysteria 1039, 1040-1; see also psychiatry; psychoanalysis Ibels, Henri Gabriel 46 Ibsen, Henrik 1086 iconoclasm 328—9 iconography 689, 1147-51 idea art 846,921; see also art as idea; Conceptual Art ideal, idealism 12, 130, 225, 557; Bataille 483- 4; Beuys 903; Breton 464; Bürgin 939; Croce 105; Dali 488; Derrida 944; Fried 836; Huelsenbeck 262; Klingender 641—2; Kokoschka 97; Malevich 293-4; Mondrian 285; Plekhanov 156, 157; see also anti-materialism; mysticism; rationalism; spiritualism identity 767, 803 ideology 690, 817; Althusser 953-60; Barthes 693; Bell 1117; Komfiit 333; Lukâcs 416; Read 512 illusion, illusionism: Arp 276; Bergson 143-4; Breton 458; Buren 862; Fried 794; Greenberg 563,777; Jörn 661; Merleau-Ponty 768; Morris 833; Index 1241 Mulvey 988; Olitski 795; Steinberg 972; Stella 821; Wollheim 805 images, imagery: Breton 457, 458, 460; Freud 21; Jung 380; Kokoschka 97-9; Mitchell 1081-3; Prinzhorn 121; Rose 1073, 1076; Shklovsky 278 Imaginary, the 620, 996, 997; see also Symbolic, the imagination: Aragon 455; Breton 447-8; Croce 105-6; Denis 50; Fry 76-82; Liebermann 30-3; Matisse 73-4; Still 593; see also fantasy imitation: Braque 214; Breton 459; Derrida 948-9; Fry 75; Kandinsky 83; Léger 202; Luhmann 1078, 1080; Malevich 293-8; Rozanova 207; Ryder 62; Strzeminski 317; see also mimesis Immaterial, the 818-20 ImmendorfF, Georg 1105, 1162, 1165, 1166, 1168 imperialism 419, 710, 935, 1057, 1065, 1093 Impressionism 11-12; Apollinaire 186; Bahr 116, 117, 119-20; Barr 383; Delaunay 153-4; Denis 41-2, 47,48, 49, 50; Doesburg 284; Fontana 654; Fried 788; Fry 40; Gleizes 194-5, 198, 200, 201; Greenberg 564-5, 775, 776; Léger 160-1, 202-3, 204-5; Lissitsky 319; Malevich 175; Matisse 71; Meidner 167, 168; Newman 581; Pfekhanov 155-6; Rivière 192; Rosenberg 412; Signac 16, 17; Spengler 230-1 independence 114; see also autonomy Independent group 715, 742 index 994; Krauss 995-9 individual, individualism 559, 560, 689-90; Althusser 958-60; Ball 251; Baselitz 631; Baudrillard 981; Doesburg 315, 316; Dondero 665; Foucault 949; Gleizes 244; Halley 1043; Kemenov 656; Kristeva 1056; Léger 503; Lenin 139; Malevich 294—5; Mondrian 388; Motherwell 644; Pechstein 271—2; Ponge 625; Rozanova 206; Schapiro 516-18; Simmel 132—3, 135—6; Tapié 630 industry, industrialism: Baudrillard 1020; Brik 352; Bürgin 895; Gropius 309, 310-11; Morris 828, 833-4; October 480, 482; Smithson 878-9; see also manufactures informal abstract art 629, 698; see also gestural painting Informe 483, 652, 814; see also formless Ingres, Jean Auguste Dominique: Cézanne 34; Chirico 238; Denis 48; Fried 791-2; Gleizes 194; Greenberg 776; Hartlaub 248; Klein 819; Léger 504; Ozenfant 227; Picasso 216 Inkhuk 302,316,341,343,351; see also Ginkhuk inspiration 62, 466, 786-7 installation 698, 932, 1178-80; see also environment; Happenings International Federation of Independent Revolutionary Art 535 International Situationist 701-7 International Union of Writers and Artists 418 intuition 12; Apollinaire 189; Bergson 142-3; Collingwood 536; Croce 102-7; Hepworth 393; Hofmann 371; Kandinsky 302; Le Corbusier 239; Malevich 178; Mondrian 390; Owens 1031; Rozanova 205-6 Ionesco, Eugène 1087 Irenaeus 379 irony 331-2, 690, 1090-2 Israels, Jozef 54 Itten, Johannes 306, 309; text 304-6 Ivan the Terrible 672, 673 Ivanov, Vyacheslav Ivanovich 280 Jacob, Max 228 Jakobson, Roman 939, 995, 1028 Jakubinsky, Leo 279, 280 Jameson, Fredric 1014, 1045; texts 999-1001, 1046-51 Janco, Marcel 257 Jappe, Georg 904 Jarry, Alfred 464 Jeanneret see Le Corbusier Jefferson, Thomas 436 Jerome, St 951, 952 Jewell, Edward Alden 568, 574 Jews see Judaism Johanson, Karel 351 John of the Cross, St 629, 630 John Reed Club 666; text 418-21 Johns, Jasper 690; texts 737-42,760-1; Bell 1118; Cage 734; Hesse 902; Judd 827; Krauss 1033; Lichtenstein 750; Morris 832; Steinberg 975; Warhol 747, 749 Johnson, Philip Cortelyou 1143 Jordan, P. 493 Jörn, Asger 659, 701, 705; texts 661, 707-10 Joyce, James 542, 550,1086, 1087 Judaism, Jews 29-30, 359,412-13, 439, 673 1242 Index Judd, Donald 813, 814; texts 824-8, 924-5, 1139-43; Burgin 894; Fried 835,836, 837, 840, 842, 844; Kabakov 1178; Kosuth 853, 855, 857, 859; Morris 828, 881; Nauman 910 Jugendstil 59 Julien studio 46 Jung, Carl Gustav 558; text 378-81 Jung, Franz 257 Kabakov, Ilya: text 175-80 Kafka, Franz 686, 782, 1080, 1086 Kahlo, Frida 1110; text 649-52 Kahnweiler, Daniel-Henry 130, 236; text 208-14 Kamenski, Vasiii Vasilievich 506 Kampfbund für Deutsche Kultur 412, 673 Kamrowski, Gerome 784 Kandinsky, Wassüy 5, 11, 13, 221, 224; texts 82-9, 89-93, 302-3; Abstraction- Création 375; Bahr 117; Barr 383, 673; Beckett 619; Bourdieu 1023; Dondero 667; Fried 788; Greenberg 541, 579, 775; Hartlaub 247; Klee 362; Macke 95; Meidner 168; Moretti 1186; Rosenberg 550; Schlemmer 307; Still 592 Kant, Immanuel 130; Breton 452; Croce 106; Greenberg 774; Kahnweiler 208, 213; Kelly 1060; Kosuth 857; Lyotard 1133, 1134, 1135, 1137; Newman 580; Sartre 601 Kapoor, Anish 1110 Kaprow, Allan 699, 750, 846, 878; text 717-22 Kästner, Erich 497 Katzman, Evgeni Alexandre vich 671 Keller, Rose 486 Kelley, Mike 1104; text 1099—102 Kelly, Ellsworth 975 Kelly, Mary 1015; text 1059-64 Kemenov, Vladimir 669-70; text 656-8 Kermadec, Eugene Nestor de 579 Khlebnikov, Velimir 281, 334, 506 Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich 683, 689 Kiefer, Anselm: text 1143-6 Kiekol, Hubert 1104 Kienholz, Edward 846 Kierkegaard, Seren 592, 610 Kippenberger, Martin 1162, 1163, 1165; text 1102-5 Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig 130, 167; text 65 kitsch 528, 532, 543-6, 548, 715, 1109; see also mass culture; novelty art; popular culture Klee, Paul 357; text 362-9; Adorno 782; Barr 673; Greenberg 541, 579; Hartlaub 248; Merleau-Ponty 769, 770; Schlemmer 306 Klein, César 265 Klein, Yves 724, 725, 820, 825; text 818-20 Kline, Franz 698, 750, 787, 820, 901, 972 Klingender, Francis: texts 437-9, 641-2 Klinger, Max 58 Klucis, Gustav 298, 300, 480; text 489-91 Klyun, I. 182 Klyuyev, Nikolai Alexeivich 280 Knoebel, Imi 1103 Kobro, Katarzyna 316 Koether, Jutta 1102-5 Kokoschka, Oskar 117, 412, 673; text 97-9 Komar, Vitali 1175 Komfut 333 Koons, Jeff: text 1051-4 Kornfeld, Paul 260 Kosuth, Joseph 821, 851, 885, 933, 1038; text 852-61 Kounellis, Jannis 897, 1179; text 1143-6 Kracauer, Siegfried 360; text 477-80 Kramskoi, Ivan Nikolaevich 405 Krantz, Ernst 269 Kraus, Karl: text 171-3 Krauss, Rosalind 1024; texts 976-9, 994-9, 1032-7 Rrenek, Ernst 797,798 Kretschmer, Emst 686 Kristeva, Julia 1147; texts 1054-6,1137-9 Kruchenykh, Alexei Eliseevich 506 Kruger, Barbara 1015, 1038, 1102; text 1041-2 Kubler, George: text 751-3 Kuhn, Thomas 934; text 960-4 Kulturbolschewismus see cultural bolshevism Kupka, Frantisek 374, 550, 1023 Kusama, Yayoi 846 Kuspit, Donald 1088 La Fontaine, Jean de 20 La Fresnaye, Roger de 194 La Tour, Georges de 778 laboratory art 225, 335, 339, 940 labour, division of 135-6, 415, 986 Lacan, Jacques 560; text 620-4; Barthes 965, 966; Foucault 949; Jung 378; Krauss 995, 996; Mulvey 985; Rose 1072, 1073, 1074 Laforgue, Jules 47 Lancret, Nicolas 185 land art 815, 970, 1027, 1064; see also earth art language 3, 12, 816-17, 1015; Art & Language 886-7; Ball 251; Barthes 965; Bürgin 939; Burn and Ramsden 891-3; Index 1243 Derrida 944 -9; Halley 1044; Kosuth 857; Krauss 996; Kristeva 1137; Kuhn 961-4; Lacan 620; Léger 505; Mitchell 1081-5; Newman 576; Pistoletto 876; Rose 1074, 1075; Shklovsky 279, 280-1; Smithson 880, 970-1; Wollen 1107-8 Larionov, Mikhail Fyodorovich 550, 1109 Lassalle, Ferdinand 85, 337 Lassaw, Ibram: text 397-8 Latham, John 920 Laurencin, Marie 189 Laurens, Henri 625 Laurens, Jean-Pierre 204 Lautréamont, Isidore Ducasse: Aragon 453; Baselitz 634; Breton 460,464, 465; Ernst 492; Jameson 1050 Lautrec see Toulouse-Lautrec Lavin, José Domingo 649, 650 Lavinsky, Anton 351 Lawler, Louise 1038, 1102,1169 Lawrence, D. H. 1088 Lazzari, Pietro 574 Le Corbusier 221; text 239-42; Judd 1143; Léger 502; Lichtenstein 750; Ozenfant 369; Read 514; Serra 1098 Le Fauconnier, Henri 184,189,193-4 Le Moal, Jean 579 Le Pare, Julio 725 learning 305 Lea vis, F. R, 729 Lebrun, Charles 40-1 Lef 345-7,442,443, 473, 475,940 Léger, Fernand 560; texts 159-62, 201-5, 502—5; Apollinaire 189; Delaunay 152; Fried 788; Greenberg 579; Krauss 1033; Lichtenstein 750; Ozenfant 369; Picabia 275; Plekhanov 157; Rivière 193 Lehmbruck, Wilhelm 550, 673 Leibi, Wilhelm 231 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 600 Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich: texts 138-41, 402-3; Adorno 528; Barr 672; Guttuso 647; Huelsenbeck 261; John Reed Club 420-1; Klingender 641,642; Plekhanov 154-5; Punin 336; Schlesinger 669 Leonardo da Vinci: Derain 245; Fry 81; Greenberg 779; Matisse 74,75; Mitchell 1083; Plekhanov 155; Rose 1076; Strzeminski 317 Leskov, Nikolai Semyonovich 280 Lessing, Gotthold 32, 562, 1081 Lettrist International 701 Lévi-Strauss, Claude 1020, 1065, 1107 Lévinas, Emmanuel 1181,1183 Levine, Sherrie 1027, 1036, 1037, 1038; texts 1038-9, 1051-4 Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien 379 Lewis, Percy Wyndham 222, 550, 756, 1087; texts 162-3, 245-6 LeWitt, Sol 885; texts 846-9, 849-51; Fried 836, 840; Kosuth 853,859; Krauss 1033; Owens 1028 Lhote, André 194 liberalism, liberal capitalism, liberal democracy 357-8, 560, 659, 668, 670, 674-7; 1090-2; see also humanism liberation movements 689; see also colonialism Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph 498 Lichtenstein, Roy 690, 748,825, 975; text 749-51 Liebermann, Max: text 30-3 light: Cézanne 35; Delaunay 153, 154; Derain 64; Gieizes 198; Hofmann 373; Kandinsky 88; Meidner 168-9; Plekhanov 155 line: Carrà 234; Endeil 60-1; Gabo 300; Grosz 273-4; Itten 305-6; Kahnweiler 213; Klee 363-4, 365-6; Manzoni 724; Meidner 169-70; Mondrian 284-6; Signac 17; Strzeminski 376-7 Lipchitz, Jacques 550 Lippard, Lucy 855, 917-18, 926; text 919-21 Lipps, Theodor 66, 67 Lissitsky, El: texts 314-16, 317-21, 344-5; Abstraction-Création 375; De Stijl 281; Lyotard 1136; October group 480; Spengler 230; UNOVIS 300 literalism 814; Fried 835-46; see also Minimal Art literature 1015; Adorno 779-83; Apollinaire 229; Aragon 457; Barthes 966; Benjamin 494-5; Brecht 499-502; Breton 451-2; Brik 347-8; Fanon 713; Greenberg 563, 564, 565; Kristeva 1138; Léger 160-1; Lenin 138-41; Lukäcs 413-17, 683-6; Matisse 70; Mondrian 291; Plekhanov 155; Robbe- Grillet 762-3, 765; Trotsky 443, 444, 446; Zhdanov 427-9; see also poetry Lobachevskì, Nikolai 318-19 Locke, John 212 logic 239, 255-6, 448; see also order London, Kurt 544-5, 671 Longinus 580 Longo, Robert 1027 1244 Index looking 984-5, 986-7, 988; see also scopophilia; sight; vision Lorrain, Claude 111 Louis, Morris: Cavell 798; Fried 787, 794, 843; Greenberg 774; Kosuth 860; Morris 884; Smithson 877, 878; Steinberg 972, 973, 975; Wollheim 808 Luce, Maximilien 16 Lueg, Konrad 757 Luhmann, Niklas: text 1076-80 Lukâcs, Georg 358, 561, 816; texts 413-17, 683-6; Bloch 531; Brecht 499; Fried 790; Jameson 1000; Robbe-Grillet 764 Luther, Martin 52 Luxemburg, Rosa 1122 Lyotard, Jean-François 1016, 1017, 1137, 1147; texts 1122-3, 1131-7 Macdonald, Dwight 544, 670 Mach, Ernst 870 machines, machinery 128, 742; Abstraction- Création 376; Blok 144-5; Fried 838; Gropius 309; Le Corbusier 241; Marinetti 146-9; McLuhan 754 -5; Pollock 584; Shevchenko 100; Strzeminski 377-8; Warhol 748; Weber 137 Maciunas, George: text 727-9 Macke, August: text 95-6 Magritte, René 846, 932 Mahler, Alma 304 ' Maillart, Robert 1097 Maillol, Aristide Joseph Bonaventure 625 Makart, Hans 673 Mälesskircher, Gabriel 271 Malevich, Kasimir 5, 224, 225, 358; texts 173-83, 292-3, 293-8, 506-7; Abstraction-Création 375; Barr 383; Burgin 939; Klein 819; Klingender 439; Klucis 489; Krauss 1033; Lissitsky 317,319, 344; Lyotard 1135,1136; Smithson 878; Tatlin 334,352; UNÖVIS 300; Wollen 1109 Mallarmé, Stéphane: Breton 460; Denis 42, 47; Gauguin 19-20; Greenberg 541-2; Ozenfant 226 Malraux, André 669,1080 Manessier, Alfrèd 579 Manet, Edouard 11, 1014; Art & Language 1040; Denis 41-2; Fried 788, 791—2; Gleizes 194, 201; Greenberg 564—5, 775, 776; Léger 203, 204—5; Liebermann 31; Matisse 74; Owens 1030; Spengler'230,231; Wall 1161; Williams 1086 Mann, Thomas 781 mannerism 1039-40 Mantegna, Andrea 424 Manzoni, Piero 820; text 722—4 Mao Tse-tung, Maoism 815, 933, 1163, 1168 Marc, Franz 95, 117, 1039; texts 93-5, 158-9 Marcuse, Herbert 980, 989, 1120 Margo, Boris 574 Marin, John 579 Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso 128-9; text 146-9; Benjamin 527; Boccaccio 150; Greenberg 549; Krauss 1033; Williams 1087 Maris, Jacob 54 Markelius, Sven 514 market, art: ARBKD 409; Bell 1120; Benjamin 524; Bourdieu 1022-3; Burn 935-8; Judd 1141; Lippard 919, 920-1; Meier- Graefe 54; Moretti 1187; Ramsden 933-5; Serra 1099; Simmel 133; see also commodities, commodification Martin, Agnes 1034 Martin, Leslie 398 Marx, Karl 129, 358, 360, 558; Althusser 953, 958; ARBKD 409; Breton 464, 465, 534; Bürgin 1071-2; Fried 790; Graham 916; Greenberg 549; John Reed Club 420-1; Jörn 661; Kandinsky 85; Lukâcs 415-16; Lyotard 1123; Motherwell 643; Said 1006; Spivak 1093-4; Still 592; Trotsky 444; Weininger 29 Marxism 225, 816, 1015-16; Althusser 953-60; Barthes 965; Baudrillard 979-82; Breton 463; Dondero 666; Foucault 989, 992, 993; Fried 792; Halley 1082; Jameson 999-1001; Klingender 641-2; Lenin 402; Merleau-Ponty 767; Plekhanov 154; Ramsden 934; Read 512, 513; Rosenberg 590; Sartre 600; Spivak 1092-3; Trotsky 445; Weininger 30; Williams 1001-5 mass culture 430, 504-5, 690-1, 742-3 see also kitsch; popular culture mass media: Alloway 715—17; Bell 1120; Benjamin 520-7; Bürgin 941; Export 928; Halley 1044; Kristeva 1055; McLuhan 754; Restany 724; Steinbach 1052; see also television masses 333; Alloway 715; Benjamin 523-4, 526; Gleizes 201; Grosz 273; Kracauer 478-9; Ortega 324-5; Richter 1158; Trotsky 444-5; see also proletariat Index 1245 Masson, André 457, 616, 619 material, materialism 814-15; Althusser 958; Bataille 482-3, 483-4; Breton 448, 463-4; Constant 660; Dali 487-8; Davis 433-4; Fontana 653; Fried 836; Gan 343; Gleizes 243; Itten 305; Jörn 661; Kandinsky 83; Lissitsky 321; Lukâcs 416; Rodchenko 342; Tatlin 352-3; Weber 137; Weininger 28; Wollheim 804-7; see also historical materialism materials: Bürgin 895; Hesse 900, 901-2; LeWitt 848-9; Morris 833, 882, 885; Pistoletto 873; Serra 1096, 1097; Tatlin 334; Yoshihara 699—700; see also Arte Povera mathematics 370, 874; see also geometry Mathieu, Georges 595, 700 Matisse, Henri 13, 357; texts 69-75, 383-4; Bahr 117; Barr 383, 673; Beckett 617; Breton 458, 462; Derain 64; Fried 788; Greenberg 541, 578, 579, 786; Judd 1143; Kahnweiler 209; Meidner 168; Ozenfant 227; Picabia 275; Steinberg 972; Vlaminck 640; Wollheim 805, 807-8 Maturana, Humberto 1077 Maublanc, René 498 Mauriac, François 676 Mauss, Marcel 380 Mauve, Anton 54 Mayakovsky, Vladimir: Lef 345; Malevich 507; Schlesinger 670; Tretyakov 473, 475; Trotsky 442; Williams 1087* Mazdaznan 304 McCarthy, Joseph, McCarthyism 665,668,670, 674,924 McCollum, Allan 1038,1176 McCracken, John 840, 859 McEwen, Frank 1107 McLuhan, Marshall 690, 881, 918, 1052; text 754-7 medium, media 691, 692, 814; Bell 1118; Cavell 799-800; Fried 793; Greenberg 563, 566, 775; Hilton 772; Hofmann 371-4; McLuhan 754; Wodiczko 1067; Wollheim 806; see also materials Medunetsky, Konstantin 341 Meerzon, I. A. 336 Mehring, Franz 414,415,417, 497 Meidner, Ludwig: text 167-71 Meier-Graefe, Julius 36; text 51—7 Melamid, Alexander 1175 Melville, Herman 591 memory 141,449, 1182 Men'kov, M. 182 Mendieta, Ana: text 1064-5 mental illness: Artaud 608-11; Breton 447-8; Dubuffet 607—8; Freud 24; see also hysteria; paranoia; schizophrenia Menzel, Adolf 231 Merewether, Charles 1180-3 Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 790, 860, 890; text 767-71 Merz, Mario 897, 1179 metaphors 883, 954-5, 1028 metaphysical painting 58, 235 Metaphysical School 232 metonymy 1028 metropolis see cities Metzinger, Jean 152, 156-7, 193; texts 184-5, 194-201 Meyer, Hannes 480 Meyer, Ursula 893, 919-21 Meyerhold, Vsevolod 506 Michaux, Henri 595, 770 Michelangelo: De Kooning 582; Fry 79, 81; Hartlaub 248; Hoch 322; Newman 580-1; Ortega 331; Serra 1098; Siqueiros 681 middle class see bourgeois Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig 1097, 1143 Miller, Perry 836 Millet, Jean François 54 Milton, John 1084 mimesis 948, 969; see also imitation Minimal Art, Minimalism 814; Andre 820; Atkinson 868; Fried 835-46; Graham 915; Judd 824; Kabakov 1178; LeWitt 848; Morris 882, 884; Ramsden 934; Weiner 893; see also literalism Minkowski, Hermann 320 Minotaure 620 Minus Objects 873, 875-7 Mirò, Joan 357; Barr 383; De Kooning 582; Fried 788; Greenberg 541, 579; Pollock 570; Read 511, 513; Steinberg 972 mirror phase 560, 620-4, 985, 995; see also Imaginary, the; Symbolic, the Mitchell, W. J. T.: text 1081—5 modern, the 1, 127-9, 221, 550, 551,583,643-5 modern movement 62, 155, 324, 360, 1106 Moderne Bond 276 Modernism 2-7, 128, 131, 358, 361, 689-92, 813-17,994,1013; Art & Language 1039-40; Bell (C.) 107; Bell (D.) 1117-20; Bürgin 938,939, 1069-70; Cavell 796-800; Foucault 949; Fried 787-93; Greenberg 773—9; Jameson 1000-1; Kelly 1059-64; Kosuth 852; Krauss 976-9; 1246 Index Modernism (cont'd) Kristeva 1054, 1055-6; Kubler 751; Lukàcs 683-6; Merleau-Ponty 768; Moretti 1183-7; Morris 828; Oguibe 1171-5; Olitski 795; Owens 1025; Robbe-Grillet 762; Rose 1074-5; Rosenberg 549-53; Sedlmeyr 663-5; Serra 1099; Smithson 877; Steinberg 972; Stella 820; Williams 1085-8; Wollen 1108-9; Worringer 66 modernity 11, 128, 129-30; Bhabha 1114; Habermas 1123-31; Léger 159; Meidner 167; Oguibe 1174; Pollock 583—4; Simmel 132-6; Wall 1161 modernization 127-9, 1126-7 Modigliani, Amedeo 166, 550 Moholy-Nagy, Làszló 513, 595 Molière (Jean-Baptiste Poquelin) 628-9 Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich 669 Mondrian, Piet 5, 224, 357; texts 284-9, 289-92, 387-93; Barr 383; Beckett 619; Buren 864; De Kooning 583; De Stijl 281; Doesburg 283; Fried 788; Greenberg 541, 579, 775,777,787; Kandinsky 82; Klein 819; Krauss 1033, 1034, 1036; Lichtenstein 750; Lissitsky 319; Morris 829; Newman 581; Read 511, 513; Richter 1157; Rosenberg 550; Steinberg 973 Monet, Claude 11; Denis 41, 42; Fry 78; Gleizes 194, 195; Greenberg 777; Matisse 71; Meidner 168; Steinberg 973; Still 592 Monroe, Marilyn 747, 749, 1049, 1050 montage 257, 431, 529, 531; see also collage; photomontage monuments, monumental art 321, 336-9, 372, 406, 830-1 Moore, Henry 510, 511, 669; text 677-80 morals, morality: Adorno 779-83; Croce 104-5; Fried 791; Fry 76, 77, 79; Gabo 299; Habermas 1127; Lukâcs 415; Picabia 275; Sartre 602; Tzara 256 Morandi, Giorgio 275, 647 Moretti, Franco: text 1183-7 Morosov, Ivan 672 Morris, Robert 813; texts 828-35, 881-5; Art Workers' Coalition 926; Atkinson 890; Bürgin 894; Fried 835, 837, 838-9, 840, 844; Kosuth 859; Kubier 751; Machinas 727; Nauman 910; Smithson 877 Morris, William 310, 641, 642 Moscow Linguistic Circle 939 Mosset, Olivier: text 861 Motherwell, Robert 574, 582, 787; texts 643-5, 659 Motonoga, Sadamasa 698, 700 Mott, Frank Luther 435 movement: Hofmann 372; Itten 305-6; Lissitsky 321; Malevich 177-8; Matisse 71-2; Shevchenko 100; see also dynamism; speed Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 230, 796,1149 Mukarovsky, Jan 941; text 518-20 Müller, Otto 265 multiculturalism 1112; see also other, otherness; pluralism Mulvey, Laura: text 982-9 Munch, Edvard 673, 1046, 1049, 1050-1 Murakami, Saburô 698, 700 Mural Painters Group 429 mural painting: Hofmann 372, 373; Itten 304; Pollock 571, 585; Rivera 421,424; Schlemmer 306, 307; Siqueiros 406,429, 430; Sironi 424-6; Wood 436 Murphy, John: text 897 Museum of Modern Art (New York) 381, 1183-7 museums 1017; Art Workers' Coalition 926-7; Artforum 925; Breton 459; Broodthaers 932; Buren 866; Denis 40-1, 42; Dubuffet 606; Guttuso 646; Haacke 930-1; Habermas 1126, 1129; Kaprow 718; Kippenberger 1102, 1104; Kosuth 856; Lippard 919, 920; Marinetti 148-9; Moretti 1183-7; Nolde 97; Novembergruppe 266; Oldenburg 744; Picasso 510; Reinhardt 822; Smithson 970-1; Ukeles 918; see also collections; exhibitions; galleries; Museum of Modern Art; Tate Modern music 13; Adorno 664; Apollinaire 187; Barthes 969; Blok 263-4, 265; Cavell 798, 800; Denis 47; Derrida 948; Diederichsen 1162; Endell 59, 60; Fontana 654; Fry 77; Gauguin 19; Greenberg 563, 565; Kandinsky 89; Machinas 728; Mondrian 288, 291; Naumann 910; Richter 1155; Schlemmer 308; Schlesinger 670; Sedlmayr 664; Shklovsky 278; Spengler 230-1 Musil, Robert 686 Mussolini, Benito 548, 549 Mutt, Richard 252 Mutzenbecher, Franz 269 mysticism 52, 76, 322 Index 1247 myths, mythology 558, 690; Adorno 527-8; Aragon 453-4, 456; Barthes 693-8; Einstein 115; Gottlieb, Rothko and Newman 568; Halley 1042; Hamilton 742-3; Jung 379, 380; Rosenberg, H. 591; Wodiczko 1068; see also ideal, idealism Nabokov, Vladimir 911 Nagel, Otto 409 Nagy, Imre 683 Nagy, Peter 1051-4 narcissism 995 Narodnik movement 154 narration, narratives 1; Krauss 979; Lassaw 397-8; Lyotard 1122-3; Spivak 1093, 1096; Wall 1158 national culture, nationalism 222; American Abstract Artists 397; Apollinaire 229-30; Artforum 924; Barr 673; Bhabha 1113; Denis 48; Fanon 710-15; Hitler 439-41; Huelsenbeck 262; Malevich 297; Sironi 425-6; Spivak 1093, 1095; Wood 435-6; see also negritude; race Naturalism 11, 12,13,131; Denis 49; Doesburg 282-3; Hartlaub 248; Kandinsky 85; Liebermann 30, 32; Lukâcs 686; Malevich 174; Ortega 326; Picasso 216; Worringer 67 nature 12-13, 127; Bahr 118; Blok 144-5; Cézanne 33-6; Delaunay 154; Denis 41, 44; Derain 64; Derrida 945, 949; Doesburg 282-3; Fontana 654; Fry 82; Gabo 386; Gottlieb 573; Halley 1042-5; Hartlaub 248; Kandinsky 90; Klingender 438, 641; Matisse 73-4; Mondrian 284-5, 287-8, 390-1; Ozenfant 369-71; Rilke 37-8; Rozanova 205-6; Ryder 63; Shevchenko 100; Simmel 132; Smith 767; Smithson 971; UNOVIS 302; Vergine 907; Weinstock 432; Wols 598 Nauman, Bruce 1180; text 910—12 Naville, Pierre 457, 463 Nazarenes 248 Nazism 359, 548; Barr 670, 672-3; Benjamin 493; Bloch 531; Dix 408; Greenberg 548; Hitler 439-41; Meidner 167; Rosenberg 412; Spengler 230; Weininger 28; see also Fascism negation, negativity: Adorno 664; Croce 103-5; Diederichsen 1162; Fried 838; Habermas 1128-9; Ortega 329-30; Reinhardt 821, 823-4 negritude (negroism) 710; Fanon 712; see also Africanism Negro art 227; Einstein 110, 111, 113, 114-16; Fanon 712 Nekrasov, Victor 1098 Nemser, Cindy 900 neo-classicism 46-51, 530, 532 Neo-Dada 718, 727-9, 749 neo-expressionism 1045 Neo-Impressionism 15, 16-18, 198, 777 neo-plasticism see new plastic Neo-Primitivism 99-102, 184 neo-romanticism 579 Neo-Traditionalism 48 Nerval, Gérard de 609, 610 Neue Sachlichkeit see new objectivity Neue Sezession 94 Neue Vereinigung 94 Nevsky, Alexander 672 New Lef: Tretyakov 476 New Objectivity (Neue Sachlichkeit) 224, 407; Benjamin 495, 496, 497; Bloch 532; Grosz 411,467; Hartlaub 247; Lukâcs 686; Novembergruppe Opposition 267; Oiticica 914; Red Group 407; Rosenberg, A. 413; new plastic art 224; De Stijl 281; Doesburg 281-4; Mondrian 284-9, 289-92, 387-93 new realism: Artforum 923; Fougeron 662; Klein 818; Léger 502-5; Malevich 173-83; Restany 724-5; Rosenberg, A. 413 new spirit {Esprit Nouveau): Apollinaire 228-30; Breton 447; Gleizes 242; Le Corbusier 239; Mondrian 291; Ozenfant 239, 369 Newman, Barnett: texts 568-9, 573-4, 574-7, 580-2, 783-5; Buren 864; De Kooning 582; Fried 790, 794; Greenberg 785-6, 787; Judd 825, 827, 1142, 1143; Steinberg 972 Ngugi see Thiong'o Nicholson, Ben 393, 511, 513; text 398—401 Nietzsche, Friedrich 130; Artaud 610; Bahr 120; Camus 627; Chirico 58; Gaudier- Brzeska 163; Huelsenbeck 262—3; Kandinsky 87; Lyotard 1134; Simmel 132, 136; Spengler 231 Nieuwenheuys, Constant see Constant Nikritin, Solomon 671 Nixon, Richard 923 Nka 1170 1248 Index Noland, Kenneth 814; Fried 787,790,793,794, 795, 837, 844-5; Greenberg 774; Judd 825, 826; Kosuth 860; Krauss 977-8; Steinberg 975 Nolde, Emil: text 96-7 non-figurative art: Abstraction-Création 374-6; Barr 382; Mondrian 388-9, 391-2; Picasso 508-9; see also abstract art, abstraction non-objectivity 292-3, 382, 506-7, 562 Nouveau Réalisme 724, 923 Novecento group 424, 652 novelty art 857; see also kitsch November Revolution see German Revolution Novembergruppe 167, 224, 314; text 265-6 Novembergruppe Opposition 407; text 267—9 Novy Lef 473-4 nudes, the 71, 152, 176-7, 209, 211, 376, 377, 614, 1036 object, objecthood 815; Art & Language 887; Atkinson 870; Buren 862; Burgin 895-6; Dix 408; Fried 835-46; Jörn 708-9; Judd 824-8; Kabakov 1175-6; Kandinsky 90-1; Kelly 1060; Kosuth 854; Le Corbusier 240-1; Malevkh 180-1, 507; Metzinger 185; Newman 784; Oiticica 913—14; Rieht- 759; Tucker 801; Weiner 893; Wollheim 803-9 objectivity 112,255,407,905 October group (Soviet Union) 489, 491; text 480-2 October revolution see Russian Revolution Oehlen, Albert 1102, 1104, 1162; text 1163-70 Oguibe, Olu: text 1170-5 Oiticica, Hélio: text 913-15 O'Keeffe, Georgia669 Olbrich, Joseph Maria 310 Oldenburg, Claes 814; text 743-7; Fried 846; Hesse 901; Judd 826; Lichtenstein 750; Steinberg 975 Olitski, Jules: text 795-6; Fried 787, 790, 793, 794, 837, 844-5; Kosuth 855, 860; Krauss 977 Ono, Yoko 725 Op Art 836,915 Opoyaz group 347-8, 939 Oppenheim, Denis 998 order 80,221-2,240,241; see also 'call to order'; logic; totality Orient, orientalism, the East 68, 101-2, 107-8, 116, 118-19; Said 1005-9 originality 1015, 1016; Boccioni 152; Bourdieu 1023; Carrà 235; Chirico 237; Kelly 1060; Krauss 1032-7; see also author, authorship; creation, creativity ornament, ornamental art 241, 477-80, 830-1; see also decoration Orozco, José, Clemente 429, 681, 1106, 1109 Orphism 153, 189 Ortega y Gasset, José, 715, 881, 1064; text 323—32 Ortman, George 827 Osorio, Pepon 1110,1114-15 other, otherness 6, 1017; Diederichsen 1162; Lacan 623; Oguibe 1174; Said 1058—9; Spivak 1092-6; Vergine 907, 909-10 Oud, J. J. P. 281 Oursler, Tony 1099 Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky, Dmitri Nikolaevich 278 Owen, Robert 29 Owens, Craig 1014, 1016, 1052; text 1025-32 Ozenfant, Amédée 750; texts 226-7, 239-42, 369-71 Paik, Nam June 727 Panofsky, Erwin 771 Paolozzi, Eduardo 715 Pape, Lygia 914 paradigm 934, 960-1, 964 paranoia 486-9 Paris 453, 456, 549-53 Parmenides 612 Parmentier, Michel: text 861 Parrish, Maxfield 545 Parsons, Takott 1076 Partisan Review 539, 544 Pascal, Blaise 780 Pasteur, Louis 452 patriarchy 982—3, 988, 1070 Î072; see also gender patronage 678-9; see also collections Paul, St 44, 960 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 686 Paz, Octavio 1125 peasants peasant art 99,423 543, 545,1046; see also primitive art Pechstein, Max 117, 123, 265, 412; text 271-2 Pedrosa, Mario 914 Péladan, Sâr 69, 74, 75 perception 12; Atkinson 890; Barry 851; Bürgin 895; Einstein 111, 116; Fry 78; Merleau-Ponty 767-71; Morris 881-3; Shklovsky 279-80 performance art: Export 927; Kaprow 717; Kelly 1061; Maciunas 1061; Naumann 910—12; Pistoletto 873; Index 1249 Ukeles 918; Vergine 906; Yoshihara 698; see also Happenings Peri, Laszlo 409 Perov, Vasili Grigoryevich 405 perspective: Krauss 978-9; Lissitsky 318-19; Lukâcs 686; Rivière 191—2, 193 Peter the Great 672 Petit jean, Hippolyte 16 Petrarch, Francesco 265 Petronius Arbiter 1136 Pevsner, Anton 383, 489, 829, 837; text 298-300 phenomenology 767-8, 792, 1043-4, 1160 Phidias 31, 33 Philo judaeus 379 philosophy 254, 386, 453-4, 852-3, 1015 photography: Apollinaire 229; Bacon 638; Benjamin 496-7, 521, 522; Bhabha 1115; Brik 348—9, 470-3; Grosz 274; Hamilton 742; Jameson 1048; Klucis 490; Krauss 997-9; Kruger 1041-2; Lassaw 397-8; Léger 204; Levine 1038—9; Liebermann 32; Owens 1027-8; Picasso 508; Pollock 584; Ray 277; Richter 757-60, 1147-51; Tretyakov 474, 476; Trotsky 443; Vergine 906; Wall 1158; Williams 1086—7; Wols 595 photomontage 223, 321—2; Benjamin 496; Brik 348-9; Foster 1038; Klucis 489-91; Owens 1028; Said 1058; Siqueiros 431; see also collage; montage Picabia, Francis 189, 223;text 274-5 Picasso, Pablo 222, 359-60, 560, 1014; texts 215-17, 507-10; 648-9; Adorno 664; AKhRR 404; Apollinaire 185,189; Bacon 635; Bahr 117; Barr 673; Bataille 484-5; Benjamm 523-4; Breton 457-8, 460-1, 462; Dé Kooning 582; Delaunay 152-3; Dondero; 666; Einstein 110; Fried 788; Greenberg 541, 542, 545-6, 547-8, 578,579; Guttuso 646, 647; Kahnweiler 208,209-12; Kemenov 657; Krauss 1033; Lissitsky 319; Lyotard 1136; Metzinger 184-5; Moretti 1185; Newman 581; Oehlen 1165; Ozenfant 226, 227; Picabia 275; Pollock 570; Rivière 193; Rosenberg 550; Sartre 602; Schlesinger 669; Serra 1097; Steinberg 972; Still 592; Viaminck 640-1; Williams 1087; Wollen 1106, 1109 picture plane, surface 130; Davis 432-3; Denis 45; Dnbuffet 605; Fried 794; Gottlieb 569; Greenberg 566, 775, 786; Hofmann 371, 372; Judd 825-6; Kahnweiler 209; Krauss 1034-6; Manzoni 723-4; Nicholson 400; Olitski 796; Ozenfant 227; Steinberg 972-6; Wollheim 804-9 Pictures group 1052 Piero della Francesca 107-8, 778 Pignon, Edouard 579 Piper, Adrian 921 Pirandello, Luigi 325 Piscator, Edwin 408 Pissarro, Camille 11; Denis 42, 47; Meidner 168; Rilke 37; Signac 16 Pissarro, Lucien 16 Pistoletto, Michelangelo 897; text 873-7 Pittura Metafisica ('metaphysical painting*) 247 plastic arts: Apollinaire 187, 188; Delaunay 154; Fanon 714; Gabo 300; GRAV 726, 727; Kahnweiler 213; Le Corbusier 240; Léger 204-5; Machinas 728; Malevich 177, 180; Mondrian 389, 390, 391; Ozenfant 226; Punin 337; Siqueiros 429-31; Strzeminski 316-17, 376; see also new piastic Plato: Adorno 781; Benjamin 494,497; Bergson 141; Fry 75; Jung 380; Smithson 879-80; Still 592 pleasure: Barthes 969; Croce 103—4; Mulvey 984, 987-8; Ortega 325-6. Plekhanov, Georgy Valentinovich: text 154+8 Pliny 187,951 Plotinus 383 pluralism, plurality 6, 7, 768, 817,937, 967-8 Poe, Edgar Allen 62, 610 poetry '278—9, 280—1, 347—8, 1083—5; see also literature political correctness 494-5 politics 221, 223—4, 815—16; Adorno 779, 782; Art forum 922-6; Beuys 904-6; Constant 660-1; Fanon 711; Fried 790; Halley 1052-3; Kandinsky 84-5; Klucis 490; Lippard 920; Malevich 294-5; Oehlen 1165-6, 1168; Oiticica 913; Richter 1150; see also Communism; Fascism; liberalism; Nazism; socialism Polke, Sigmar 757, 1104, 1166 Pollock, Griselda 1060 Pollock, Jackson 558, 689; texts 569-70,570-1, 583-6; Buren 864; Foucault 949; Fried 787, 788-9, 794; Greenberg 579; Hesse 901; Judd 825, 826; Kaprow 717; Kosuth 858; Lichtenstein 750; Morris 884; Pistoletto 874 -5; Ryder 62; Smithson 877; 1250 Index Pollock, Jackson (cont'd) Steinberg 972-3, 975; Wall 1161; Wollen 1106; Yoshihara 698, 700 Polygraphie team (Buenos Aires) 429 Ponge, Francis: text 625-6 Pop Art 689, 690, 798, 800; Alloway 715—17; Artforum 923; Cavell 798, 800; Fried 836; Hamilton 742-3; Lichtenstein 750; Steinberg 975; Warhol 747-9 Popova, Lyubov 351, 352; text 335-6 Popper, Karl 1132 popular culture 7, 1015, 1017; Alloway 715-17; Bürgin 941; Kelley 1100; Kristeva 1054, 1055; Léger 503-5; Meier-Graefe 53-5; Wilhams 729; see also kitsch; mass culture; television Popular Front 359-60, 418, 494, 552, 656 popularity: Brecht 499-502; Klingender 642; LEF 345; Ortega 324-5 Porter, Eliot 1037 post-colonialism: Bhabha 1114; Fanon 710; Spivak 1094; Wollen 1106; see also anti-colonialism; colonialism posters 489-91 post-impressionism 12, 75, 107 post-industrialism 1044, 1053, 1117 post-modernism 2, 3, 6, 1013-17; Baudrillard 979; Bhabha 1111; Bourdieu 1020; Burgin 1071-2; Foster 1037; Habermas 1123-4; Halley 1042; Jameson 1046-51; Johns 761;Judd 1143; Krauss 994; Kristeva 1055-6; Lyotard 1122-3, 1131-7; Oguibe 1171; Owens 1025-32; Rose 1074-5; Spivak 1092; Steinberg 972; Wall 1158-9; Wodiczko 1066; Wollen 1109 Post-Painterly Abstraction 692, 774, 795 post-structuralism 1033, 1042, 1044, 1049 Potebnya, Alexander Afanasyevich 277-8, 280, 939 Potin, Félix 275 Potter, Paul 32 Pound, Ezra 541-2, 550, 1033, 1087 Poussin, Nicolas 46,48,107—8, 282, 807 power 817,1016; Bourdieu 1021; Foucault 989, 993-4; Halley 1045; Lippard 920; Said 1006, 117-18; Spivak 1092, 1093-4 Pravda 670 Praxiteles 615 Pre-Raphaelites 40 presence 709, 838, 839, 1070-1 primitive art, primitivism 13-14, 558-9; Bahr 118; Bell 108-9; Breton 459; Constant 659; Einstein 111; Fanon 710; Greenberg 778; Jörn 661; Kandinsky 83, 303; Klingender 641; Macke 95, 96; Malevich 174, 175; Marc 158-9; Meidner 170-1; Newman 574 -7; Nolde 96-7; Oguibe 1171; Ortega 330; Picasso 216; Pollock 570; Prinzhorn 121, 122, 123; Rosenberg 413; Rothko 572; Wollheim 807; Worringer 66, 67-8,68-9; see also neo-primitivism; peasants, peasant art Prince, Richard 1051 Princet, Maurice 185 Prini, Emilio 897 Prinzhorn, Hans 14, 491; text 121-4 Prinzhorn, Martin 1163 Process Art 880-1, 895-6, 919, 971 production art: Brik 348-9, 351-2; Gabo 384; LEF 346; Rodchenko 339; Tretyakov 475 Prokofiev, Sergei Sergeyevich 670 proletarian culture: ARBKD 408-9; Guttuso 647; Lenin 402-3; Lukâcs 413; Rivera 422-3 proletariat 129; Adorno 529; ARBKD 409-10; Benjamin 494; Brecht 501-2; Breton 465; Debord 702-3; Grosz 273,274,411-12; John Reed Club 418, 420-1; Klingender 438; Lenin 138; Motherwell 644; Novembergruppe opposition 267, 268; October 481-2; Plekhanov 154; Richter 1158; Trotsky 445 Proletcult 402, 940 propaganda: Barr 671; Burgin 896, 940; Debord 703; Dondero 667; Grosz 411, 470; October 481; Oehlen 1165, 1169; Red Group 407; Rivera 424 property 29, 526, 645, 1039 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 1029 Proust, Marcel 969, 1086 psychiatry 121; see also hysteria psychoanalysis 12, 817, 1015-16; Breton 447; Hoch 322; Jung 378; Kristeva 1055, 1137, 1139; Lacan 620-4; Lukâcs 685-6; Mitchell 1083; Mulvey 982-3, 987-8; Richter 1150; Rose 1072-6; Tzara 254-5; Vergine 9%; see also Freud psychopathology 685-6, 907-8 Ptolemy 318 public 499, 517, 909, 1100 public art 1066; see also mural painting Public Works of Art Project (PWA) 435,436 publicity see advertising Index 1251 Puget, Pierre 71 Puni, Ivan 182, 300 Punin, Nikolai: text 336-9 pure art, purity: Apollinaire 187; Barr 382; Benjamin 522; Delaunay 152-4; Denis 43; Gleizes 198; Greenberg 562-3, 565, 566, 775; Grosz 467; Le Corbusier 241-2; Lukàcs 414,416; Matisse 73; Mondrian 288, 289, 290; Newman 574; Nicholson 399; Oehlen 1167; Ortega 326-7, 330; Ozenfant 227; Reinhardt 821-4; Rivera 422; Rose 1075 Pushkin, Alexander Sergeyevich 157, 280, 347 Puvis de Chavannes, Pierre 20, 42, 47, 50 Pythagoras 317, 383, 387 Rabinowitch, David 1143 race 412,710,1017; Art Workers Coalition 927; Burn 938; see also ethnicity; national culture; nationalism Racine, Jean 42, 74, 763 Rainer, Yvonne 902 Ramsden, Mel 935; texts 891-3, 933-5, 1039-41; see also Art & Language Ranson, Paul 46 Raphael: De Kooning 582; Derain 245; Fry 79; Greenberg 545, 779; Liebermann 32; Malevich 295; Matisse 74; Nolde 97; Siqueiros 681; Strzeminski 317 rappel à l'ordre see call to order rasquaehismo 1114 rationality, rationalism 14, 225, 557, 813; Aragon 454-5; Baudrillard 981; Breton 466; Foucault 989; Habermas 1127; LeWitt 846; see also logic Rauschenberg, Robert: Atkinson 888; Cage 734-7; Fried 846; Johns 761; Judd 827; Kaprow 718; Krauss 1036; Lichtenstein 750; Machinas 727; Owens 1026, 1028; Steinberg 972, 973—5; Warhol 749 Ray, Man 550, 997; text 277 Raynal, Maurice 246, 462 Read, Herbert 357, 360; text 510-14 readymade 222, 252, 852; Atkinson 888; Kosuth 856; Krauss 996,998; Lyotard 1133; Morris 884; Richter 1157 Realism, realism 2, 3,4, 11, 12, 131, 357-61, 1013, 1015; AKhRR 405; Baudrillard 1018—20; Bergson 141, 143-4; Brecht 499-502; Breton 448,459; Brik 472; Burgin 939; Camus 626; Delaunay 153; Einstein 115; Fougeron 662; Gabo 387; Gleizes 194 -5, 200; Greenberg 775; Guttuso 646; Jameson 1000-1; Jörn 661; Klingender 641-2; Lassaw 398; LEF 345; Léger 161, 202-3, 204-5, 205; Luhmann 1079-80; Lukâcs 413, 686; Lyotard 1132-6; Malevich 175, 181; Nicholson 399; October 480, 482; Oehlen 1164-5, 1169; Ortega 326; Plekhanov 155-6; Siqueiros 681-2; Trotsky 446-7; Tucker 803; Wall 1159, 1161; Zhdanov 427-8; see also hyper-realism; Social(ist) Realism; Surrealism Red Group 407-8 Redon, Odilon 33, 44, 47, 632 Reed, John 418-21,666 Rees, Otto van 276 Rees-Dutilh, A. C. van 276 regionalism 435-6 Reich, Steve 910, 989 Reich, William 989 Reinhardt, Ad: text 821-4; De Kooning 582; Judd 825, 826, 924; Kosuth 853, 854, 858; Krauss 1033, 1034; Newman 574 religion: Aragon 455-6; Baudrillard 981-2; Bell 1117, 1119; Einstein 114-16; Fried 789; Fry 76; Gaudier-Brzeska 164; Greenberg 774; Habermas 1125; Hartlaub 247; Huelsenbeck 261; Judd 1141; Kahlo 650-1; Kandinsky 84; Kosuth 852; Kristeva 1054-5, 1137; Meier-Graefe 52; Motherwell 644; Richter 759; Sartre 600-1; Weber 136, 137; Weininger 30; Wols 5%, 598; see also Christianity; Judaism Rembrandt: Bacon 638; Boccioni 152; Denis 50; Fry 80; Gleizes 195; Greenberg 547, 567, 779; Hofmann 373; Léger 503; Lewis 162; Liebermann 32, 33; Richter 758; Spengler 230 Remizov, Alexei Mikhailovich 280 Renaissance 222; Arp 276; Habermas 1128; Malevich 174, 176; Newman 580-1; Ortega 328 Renger-Patzsch, Albert 496 Renoir, Pierre Auguste 16, 373,773; Denis 41-2, 43; Matisse 74 repetition 846, 864-5, 902-3, 910, 1073 Repin, Ilya Efimovich: AKhRR 405; Barr 672; Greenberg 539, 545-6, 547-8; Malevich 179, 507 representation 2-3, 11, 130; Althusser 957-8; Arp 276; Barthes 694; Baudrillard 1018; Bell 109; Burgin 1069, 1070; Denis 50; Derrida 947; Freud 21, 27-8; 1252 Index representation (cont'd) Greenberg 775-6; Itten 304-5; Kahnweiler 209; Kandinsky 90; Kelly 1062; Léger 202-5; Matisse 72; Mitchell 1082; Oehlen 1164, 1167, 1169; Ozenfant 228; Richter 759; Rorty 1090; Rose 1073; Said 1057; Smithson 970-1; Wall 1160; Wollheim 808 reproduction, mechanical 520-7; see also film; photography Restany, Pierre 1023; text 724-5 Reverdy, Pierre 214 revolution 223-4, 359, 360; Aragon 457; ARBKD 410; Breton 457, 461-2, 464; Camus 626-9; Constant 660; Debord 701-2, 707; Ernst 493; Gabo 385; Greenberg 540-1; Grosz 273; Guttuso 646; Huelsenbeck 259-60; John Reed Club 419-21; Jörn 661; Klingender 437-9; Kuhn 961-2; Lenin 138; Maciunas 727—8; Novembergruppe opposition 267-8; October 481-2; Punin 337; Ramsden 934; Robbe-Grillet 763; Tatlin 334; Trotsky 444; see also French; German; Russian; scientific revolution revolutionary art: Breton 532-5; Davis 434; Debord 706; October 482; Read 510-14; Trotsky 445 Rhythm 163 rhythm: Hofmann 339, 373, 376-7 Richards, I. A. 853-4 Richter, Go-hard: texts 757-60, 1147-57, 1157-8 Richter, Hans: text 314-16 Riegl, Alois 751, 753, 1085 Riemann, Georg Friedrich Bernhard 318-19 Riesman, David 716 Rietveld, Gerrit 281 Riley, Terry 910 Rilke, Rainer Maria 13, 524, 541-2, 1049; text 36-9 Rimbaud, Arthur 460, 464, 541-2, 1049 Ring, Thomas 269 Rivera, Diego: texts 421-4, 532-5; Dondero 666; Kahlo 649; October 480-1; Read 511; Siqueiros 406,429,680; Wollen 1106, 1109 Rivière, Jacques: text 190-4 Robbe-Grillet, Alain: text 762-5 Robespierre, Maximilien de 1029, 1125 Rocamonte, Jorge 656 Rockwell, Norman 546 Rodbertus, Johann Karl 120 Rodchenko, Alexander: texts 339-41, 341-2; Brik 351, 470-1, 473; Fried 837; Morris 829; October group 480; Wall 1161 Rodin, Auguste 36, 74, 75, 112, 152, 806 Roebling, John Augustus 1097 Rolland, Romain 553 Romanticism 12; Apollinaire 228, 229; Denis 49; Greenberg 564; Hartlaub 248; Motherwell 645; Ortega 324, 326; Ozenfant 226; Robbe-Grillet 764; Rothko 571-3; Tapié 629; Williams 1086; Zhdanov 428 Rorty, Richard: text 1090-2 Rosario group 921 Rose, Arthur R. 851 Rose, Jacqueline: text 1072-6 Rosenbach, Ulrike 1061 Rosenberg, Alfred 814; text 412-13 Rosenberg, Harold 360, 784—5; texts 549-53, 589-92, 659 Rosenberg, Léonce 289; text 236 Rosenzweig, Franz 1181 Rosier, Martha 1038 Roth, Dieter 1166 Rothko, Mark: texts 568-9, 571—3, 573; De Kooning 582; Fried 787; Greenberg 785-6; Judd 825, 826; Newman 574, 783; Steinberg 972; Wollheim 805, 808-9 Rousseau, Henri 228 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques: Apollinaire 229; Barr 383; Derrida 944, 945, 946-7, 948-9; Prinzhorn 122 Roussel, Raymond 1139 Rozanova, Olga 182; text 205-8 Rubens, Peter Paul 50, 216, 295, 503, 779 Rugoff, Ralph 1100-2 Ruisdael, Jacob van 169 Rushdie, Salman 1108 Ruskin, John 29, 76, 310 Russell, Bertrand 1098 Russian Revolution 223, 358,359; AKhRR 403, 404-5; Blok 144, 263; Lenin 402; Malevich 294-8; Rivera 423; Trotsky 442, 444 Ryangina, Seraphina 671-2 Ryder, Albert Pinkham 570; text 62-3 Ryman, Robert 1033 Rysselberghe, Théo van 16 Sacco, Nicola 674 Sade, Donatien Alphonse François, Comte de (Marquis) 485-6 sado-masochism 909, 910 Index 1253 Said, Edward 1171; texts 1005-9, 1057-9 Saint Phalle, Niki de 724 Salcedo, Doris: text 1180-3 Salon d'Automne (Paris) 13, 36, 38, 185, 648 Salon des Indépendants 184, 194 Samaras, Lucas 750, 846 Samba, Chéri 1110 Sarfatti, Margherita 424 Sartre, Jean-Paul 559, 560; texts 600-2, 611-16; Adorno 779, 779-80, 782; Barthes 695, 696; Camus 626; Halley 1043; Hesse 902; Ponge 625; Robbe-Grillet 762, 765; Rorty 1091; Shahn 676; Vergine 908; Wols 595 Saussure, Ferdinand de: Barthes 694, 696; Bürgin 939,1071-2; Owens 1031; Rose 1074 scale 393-4, 831; see also size Schapiro, Meyer 360, 784; text 514-18 Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich von 119, 261, 781 schizophrenia 121-4 Schjeldahl, Peter 912 Schlegel, August Wilhelm von 331, 1058 Schlegel, Friedrich von 331 Schlemmer, Oskar 304; text 306-9 Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr 870; text 668-70 Schlichter, Rudolf 224, 268, 269 Schlichting, Max 268 Schmidt, S. J. 1080 Schmidt-Rottluff, K. 65 Schmitt, Carl 1130 Scholz, Georg 269 Schönberg, Arnold 528-9, 780, 798, 1187 Schönebeck, Eugen 631 Schopenhauer, Arthur 58, 69, 331 Schulze, Wolfgang see Wols Schumpeter, Joseph 1119 Schweitzer, Johann Baptist 85 Schwitters, Kurt 888, 973, 1033, 1034 science 129,1015; Atkinson 870; Bell 1117; Boccioni 151;Diederichsen 1162-3; Foucault 992;Gabo 386-7; Greenberg 777—8; Kandinsky 85,86; Kuhn 961-4; Lyotard 1122;Meier- Graefe 52; Newman 575-6; Ortega 329; Siqueiros 430; Tzara 255; UNO VIS 302; Weininger 28-9 scientific revolution 540, 960-4; see also paradigm scopophilia 984 —5,987—8; see also looking Scott, Tim: text 801—3 Screen 982, 1105 screen printing 348-9, 748 Scrutiny 729 sculpture: Bourgeois 1088-9; Fried 837,842-3; Gabo and Pevsner 300; Greenberg 567; Hepworth 393-6; Hesse 900;Judd 824,826; Moore 677-80; Morris 828-35,881-5; Oiticica 913; Salcedo 1182; Sartre 612-16; Schlemmer 306-7; Serra 1096-7; Smith, D. !586,766; Smith, T. 760; Tucker 801-3; ree also construction; Constructivism; monuments; object, objecthood; site-specific works Seckler, Dorothy Gees 783-5 Seckler, Jerome 648 Sedgewick, Edie 1050 Sedlmayr, Hans 1149-50; text 663-5 seeing see looking; vision Segal, Arthur 409 Segal, George 749, 846 Segerstedt, T. 853 Segonzac, André Dunoyer de 194, 228, 275 Séguin, Armand 46 Sekula, Alan 1110, 1115 self-consciousness 582, 792; ree also consciousness semiology 816-17; Art & Language 942; Barthes 694-8; Bürgin 938, 941,942; Derrida 946-7; Mulvey 982; ree also index; signs, signification Senghor, Leopold 710 Senkin, Sergei 351 sensation: Denis 41,44, 48, 51; Fry 80; Greenberg 565; Le Corbusier 239; Matisse 71-3; see also emotion; expression senses 454-5, 458-9; see also vision sensibility 42,48, 51,976-7, 978-9 Serge, Victor 552 Serra, Richard: text 1096-9 Sérusier, Paul 43, 46 Seurat, Georges: Barr 383; Delaunay 153; Fried 788; Gleizes 198; Moretti 1185; Signac 16 Severini, Gino 550 Severyanin group 280 sex, sexuality: Artaud 609-10; Bourgeois 1089; : Freud 26-7; Gleizes 244; Kelly 1059, 1061, 1062; Lacan 623; Mulvey 982-9; Rose 1072-6; Weininger 30; see also gender Shahn, Ben 666; text 674-7 Shakespeare, William 62,104,546,627,628-9, 809 shape 793-5, 837-8; see also form Shapiro, T. M. 336 Shchukin, Sergei Ivanovich 672 Sherman, Cindy 1101 1254 Index Shevchenko, Alexander: text 99-102 Shimamoto, Shözö 700 Shiraga, Kazuo 698, 700 Shklovsky, Viktor 474; text 277-81 Shostakovich, Dmitri 670 Siegelaub, Seth 851 sight see looking; vision Signac, Paul 16; text 15—18; Gleizes 198; Matisse 70, 73; Moretti 1185; Rosenberg 412 signs, signification 130; Barthes 693, 695—8, 966-7; Baudrillard 1018, 1020; Burgin 939; Derrida 945-6, 947; Gleizes 200; Halley 1045; Krauss 1036; Ortega 329; Owens 1031; Rose 1074; see also index; semiology Silone, Ignazio 1087 Simenon, Georges 544 Simmel, Georg: text 132-6 Simonides of Ceos 1083 Simonov, Konstantin 669 simulation, simulacrum 1018-20, 1033, 1045 simultaneity 146, 153-4, 258, 261 Siqueiros, David A. 1106, 1109; texts 406-7, 429-31, 680-3 Sironi, Mario: text 424-6 Sisley, Alfred 41, 71, 194 site-specific works 815, 877, 1027, 1096-9; see also sculpture Situationism 632, 701-7, 708, 1066; see also dérive; détournement size 830-2, 839, 840, 848; see also scale Smith, David: texts 586-8, 766-7; Fried 787, 837, 840, 842, 844-5; Greenberg 579; Morris 829; Serra 1097; Smithson 878, 879 Smith, Gordon: text 592-4 Smith, Tony 830, 840-1, 878, 879; text 760 Smithson, Robert 751, 846, 1027, 1180; texts 877-81, 925, 970-1 Social Realism: Art & Language 1041; Benjamin 494; Read 510-11; Weinstock 431; Wood 435; see also Socialist Realism socialism 6, 129, 223-4, 358, 558; ARBKD 410; Benjamin 4%; Beuys 929-30; Bürgin 938-42; Greenberg 549; Gropius 269; Kemenov 658; Lenin 138-41; Lukâcs 415; Motherwell 644; Plekhanov 154-5; Simmel 132; Weininger 29-30; see also Communism; Marxism Socialisme ou Barbarie 1122 Socialist Realism 358, 558, 559, 561; Barr 671, 673; Bloch 532; Brecht 499; Dondero 665; Fougeron 661; Greenberg 545;Guttuso 646; Jameson 999; Kemenov 658; Lukâcs 683; Picasso 648; Robbe-Grillet 762, 764-5; Siqueiros 680; Tretyakov 474; Zhdanov 426; see also Social Realism society, art and 225; Fried 772; Graham 917; GRAV 726-7; Grosz 470; Haacke 931; Luhmann 1079; Mendieta 1065; Moore 677-80; Naumann 912; Robbe- Grillet 763-4; Salcedo 1180-1; Schapiro 514-18; Smithson 970; Williams 731 Society for Theoretical Art and Analyses 935; see also Art & Language Socrates 87 SoHo 925 Sollers, Philippe 966 Sophocles 232 soul: Bahr 119-21; Delaunay 154; Halley 1043; Hoch 322-3; Itten 304-5; Kokoschka 98; Lacan 624; Zhdanov 428; see also spirit Soupault, Philippe 451-2, 453, 457 space 68; Apollinaire 187-8; Bell 109; Bergson 141-2; Burgin 896; Einstein 114, 116; Fry 81; Gabo 300; Gleizes 196-7; Gropius 311; Hofmann 373; Judd 827; Kabakov 1176-8; Kaprow 720; LeWitt 848; Lissitsky 318-21; Merleau-Ponty 769; Morris 831; Newman 783—4; Nicholson 400-1; Sartre 613-14; Tucker 801 Späth, Lothar 1162,1163 Spatialism 652 specialization 205, 677-8 spectacle 525, 701, 703, 706, 724,986 spectators, spectatorship 703, 787, 815; Atkinson 868, 871-2; Benjamin 525; Nauman 911-12; Oiticica 913-14; Vergine 909; see also audience speed 146, 147, 152, 160 Spencer, Herbert 279 Spengler, Oswald 592; text 230-2 Spenser, Edmund 1028 Spex 1162 Spinoza, Baruch 537 spirit, spiritualism, spirituality: Chirico 237; Huelsenbeck 261; Itten 304-6; Kandinsky 82-3, 84-7; Kokoschka 97; Liebermann 33; Simmel 135-6; Weininger 31; Yoshihara 699; see also anti-materialism; idealism; soul Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorti: text 1092-6 Spoerri, Daniel 724 Index 1255 Staeck, Klaus 1168 Staël, Nicholas de 821 Stalin, Joseph, Stalinism 358, 361, 417, 689; Barr 672, 673; Breton 532, 535; Central Committee 417; Greenberg 548-9; Kemenov 658; Lukâcs 683; Schlesinger 669; Zhdanov 427 Stanislavski, Konstantin 507 Starnos, Theodoras 574 state, the 269, 955-7 Stein, Gertrude 510, 550, 1140 Steinbach, Haim: text 1051-4 Steinbeck, John 544 Steinberg, Leo: text 971-6 Steinlen, Théophile Alexandre 640 Stella, Frank 813; text 820-1; Andre 820; Buren 864; Fried 787, 790, 793-5, 837; Halley 1053; Judd 825, 827; Kosuth 854; Krauss 977, 979; Steinberg 975; Warhol 747 Stelletski, Dmitri 101 Stenberg, Vladimir and Georgii 341 Stendhal 1159 Stepanova, Varvara 351, 352, 480; text 341-2 Sternberg, Josef von 987 Stevens, Wallace 541-2, 590, 1007 Stieglitz, Alfred 252 Stijl, De see De Stijl Still, Clyfford 558; texts 588-9, 592-4; De Kooning 582; Fried 787; Greenberg 785-6; Judd 825; Newman 574, 783; Steinberg 972 still life 31, 32, 130, 210, 211, 400 Stockhausen, Karlheinz 796 Stors, Robert 1178-80 Stramm, August 524 Stravinsky, Igor Fedorovich 325,669, 670, 1000 Strindberg, August 1086 structuralism 982; Althusser 953; Bardies 693, 965; Foucault 949; Halley 1044-5; Krauss 1033; Mulvey 982 Strzeminski, Wladyslaw: texts 316-17, 376-8 Studio International 816 style: De Kooning 583; Denis 41, 42; Jameson 1051; Kippenberger 1103; Kubier 752—3; Marc 94; Mendieta 1065; Warhol 748 subject, subject-matter: Althusser 959-60; Apollinaire 186-7; Barthes 965; Cage 734; Chirico 58; Denis 43; Foucault 952; Fougeron 662; Gottlieb 569; Greenberg 541, 564; Jameson 1050-1; Jörn 708-9; Léger 202; Liebermann 32; Malevich 177; Newman 784; Pollock 583; Rozanova 206; Schapiro 515-16; Sironi 426; see also content sublime 580-2, 1134-6 Suetin, Nikolai 300 Sumi, Yasuo 700 Suprematism 5, 224, 225; Levine 1054; Lissitsky 317, 320; Malevich 173, 175, 179, 180, 181, 292-3, 294; Strzeminski 317; Tatlin 334; UNOVIS 301, 302 Surikov, Vasili Ivanovich 405, 672 Surrealism 4, 357-8, 359, 360, 558, 560; Aragon 456-7; Barr 383; Bataille 482-3; Baudrillard 1018; Bourgeois 1088; Breton 447-53, 457-63, 463-7; Broodthaers 931-2; Constant 659; Dali 486; Debord 701; Dondero 668; Einstein 110; Ernst 491-3; Fried 846; Greenberg 579; Habermas 1128; Jung 378; Kahlo 649; Motherwell 645; Ray 277; Read 513-14; Rivera 424; Wols 595 Suvarov, Aleksandr Vasilyevich 672 Swenson, Gene 747-9 Sylvester, David 635—9, 737—42 Symbolic, the 620, 996, 997; see also Imaginary, the Symbolism (movement) 12-14, 128-9, 131; Blok 144; Bürgin 939; Denis 44,46-51; Gotdieb 568; Marinetti 146; Ryder 62; Shklovsky 278; Trotsky 445-6; see also synthetism symbol: Andre 820; Croce 106,107; Freud 27-8; Marc 94; Owens 1030-1 Syndicate of Technical Workers, Painters and Sculptors 406 synthetism 44, 48, 49, 50; see also Symbolism systems theory 1076-80 Szasz, Thomas 1039, 1040 Szczuka, Mieczyslaw 316 Taaffe, Philip: text 1051-4 Tailleux, Francis 579 Takis 926 Tal Coat, Pierre 579, 616-17 Tanaka, Atsuko 700 Tanguy, Père 46 Tanguy, Yves 513, 846 Tapié, Michel 595, 605, 699; text 629-31 taste 200-1, 1060, 1022-3 Tate Modem (London) 1184 Tatlin, Vladimir: texts 334, 352-3; Abstraction- Création 375; Fried 837; Gabo 298; Morris 829; Punin 336, 337-8, 339; Tretyakov 475 1256 Index Tauber, Sophie 276 Taut, Bruno 269 technique 224; Benjamin 495; Liebermann 32; Malevich 174; Mondrian 291; Moretti 1185; Pollock 570, 583-4, 584-5; Siqueiros 430, 682; Shklovsky 277-81 technology 129, 221; Benjamin 526-7; Grosz 470; Malevich 177; McLuhan 754-5, 756; Mendieta 1065; Smithson 878-9 Tectonics 343, 941, 942; see also Constructivism television 716, 742-3, 1053, 1055, 1058 tendency, tendentious 413-17, 428, 468, 469 Terence 1118 Tériade, E. 383 Téry, Simone 648, 649 theatre, theatricality 814, 815; Fried 838-45 theory 3, 5, 1014-15; Art & Language 886-8; Buren 867; Burgin 1069; Gropius 313; Wollheim 804-9 Theosophy 82 Thibaudet, Albert 966 Thiong'o, Ngugi wa 1171 Third World: Spivak 1095; Wollen 1106,1107, 1108, 1110 three-dimensional work 824, 828, 833-5; see also sculpture Thum and Taxis, Gloria von 1162, 1163 Tiepolo, Giovanni Battista 230 Tiller Girls 478-9, 480 time: Bürgin 896; Fried 844-5; Kaprow 720-1; Kubier 751-3; Smithson 880-1 Tinguely, Jean 724, 725, 838 Tintoretto 34, 50, 317 Titian: Denis 50; Fry 79; Green berg 779;: Guttuso 646; Hilton 773; Matisse 74; Ortega 326; Rosenberg 413 Todorov, Tzvetan 939 Tolstoy, Leo Nikolayevich: Blok 265; Brecht 501; Camus 628-9; Cavell 796; Fry 79; Prinzhorn 124; Shklovsky 280 Toroni, Niele: text 861 totalitarianism 6, 7, 560; Abstraction- Création 374; Barr 673; Camus 626; Foucault 990; Greenberg 548; Lenin 138; Newman 785; Schlesinger 669—70; see also Fascism; Nazism; Stalinism totality 417, 531, 1016,1017; see also aesthetics; form; order; unity Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri de 46, 640, 673, 1109 tourist art 1107-8, 1109—10 tradition 128, 222; Benjamin 522; Bhabha 1111; Denis 48; Greenberg 778-9; Oguibe 1174; Ortega 329-30; Rosenberg, L. 236; Sedlmayr 665; Smith, D. 766-7; Spengler 230-1; Wall 1161; Williams 733; Wollen 1107 transcendence 558; Einstein 114, 115; Halley 1043-4; Plekhanov 157; Rothko 571-2 transnationalism 1092-3, 1094-5; see also global, globalization Tretyakov, Sergei: text 473-7 Trockel, Rosemarie 1102-3 Trotsky, Leon 358, 361, 561, 649; texts 442—7, 532-5; Breton 463, 464-5; Dondero 667; Lukâcs 415; Rivera 421; Siqueiros 406 Troyon, Constant 32 Truman, Harry S. 665, 670 Tucholsky, Kurt 497, 1168 Tucker, William: text 801-3 Turner, Joseph Mallord William 162 Tuttle, Richard 910 Tuve, Rosemond 1031-2 Twombly, Cy 1028 Tzara, Tristan 257; text 252-7 Uccello, Paolo 778 Ukeles, Mierle Laderman: text 917-19 unconscious 453, 558, 560; Bourgeois 1089; Breton 447-53, 460; Ernst 492; Freud 21, 25; Jung 378-80; Mondrian 289; Mulvey 983—4; Pollock 584; Rose 1074—5; see also Surrealism Unesco 680 Unism 316, 376-8 unitary urbanism 702 unity 80, 105, 282, 377; see also totality universal, universality 13,127; Croce 105; Mondrian 287, 289, 388; Weininger 29 UNOVIS 225, 296, 316; text 300-2 Urmson, J.O. 852 Usener, Hermann 380 USPD (Independent Social-Democratic Party) 530 utilitarian, utilitarianism 103-4, 178, 225, 298, 301,339,1079 utopia, utopianism 225, 358; Beuys 1143; Huelsenbeck 259; Itten 304; Jameson 1047; Meier-Graefe 53; Oehlen 1165; Robbe- Grillet 764 Utrillo, Maurice 462 Valéry, Paul 528,541-2, 697 values 559,. 562, 1016; Bürgin 1069; Cavell 796-7; Collingwood 536-9; Denis 45; Index 1257 Fried 787, 788-9; Spivak 1094; Williams 731 Van Eyck, Jan 807 Van Gogh, Vincent: Artaud 608-11; Adan 624; Barr 672, 673; Beckmann 271; Denis 46, 47-8, 49, 50; Foucault 949; Jameson 1046-7, 1048; Klein 819; Kosuth 856; Lichtenstein 751; Picasso 509; Rosenberg 412; Rozanova 207; UNOVIS 302 Van Velde, Bram 616, 617-19 Vantongerloo, Georges 281, 374, 829, 837 Vanzetti, Bartolomeo 674 Vasarely, Jean-Pierre (Yvarai) 725 Vasarely, Victor 725 Vautier, Ben 727 Vauxcelles, Louis 275, 462 Velàsquez, Diego de Silva y: Bacon 638; Fried 792; Krauss 977; Léger 203; Liebermann 32, 33; Picasso 216; Wollheim 805 Velde, Henry van de 16, 306, 307, 308, 310 Velikovsky, Immanuel 883 Venetian art 34-5, 37 Venturi, Lionello 567 Vergine, Lea 1061; text 906-10 Verlaine, Paul 18, 47 Vermeer, Jan 582, 758, 778 Veronese, Paolo 42, 46 Veselovsky, Alexander 939 Veshch 314, 344-5 Vesnin brothers 351, 480 video 910, 995 Vietnam War 815, 922, 924, 1044 Villeglé, Jacques de la 725 Vinogradov, M.P. 336 Virchow, Rudolf 85 Vischer, Friedrich Theodor 106-7 vision: Bahr 117-19; Breton 457, 458-9, 461; Burn 891-3; Croce 102; Morris 881-3; Ortega 328; Rivière 190-1; Still 593; see also looking; sight Vkhutemas 316, 339, 341 Vlaminck, Maurice de 63-5; text 640-1 Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet) 601 Vorkurs (Bauhaus) 304 Vorticism 162-3, 163—7, 222, 245 Vuillard, Edouard 578 Wagner, Richard 13; Apollinaire 229; Blok 263-4,265; Ortega 326,331; Ryder 62; Spengler 230-1 Wagstaff, Samuel, Jr 760 Wall, Jeff: text 1158-61 Wanderers, The 207,405 war 526-7, 1182-3; see also Vietnam; World War I; World War II Warhol, Andy 690; text 747-9; Baudrillard 1018, 1020; Halley 1053; Hesse 901; Jameson 1046, 1047-8, 1049, 1050; Kippenberger 1102; Lichtenstein 750; Oehlen 1166; Richter 1147; Serra 1099; Steinberg 976 Watteau, Antoine 779 Weber, Max 128, 666, 1125, 1127; text 136-7 Webern, Anton von 796, 798 Weiner, Lawrence 851, 885, 1028, 1038; texts 893-4,926 Weininger, Otto: text 28-30 Weinstock, Clarence: text 431-5 Weiss, Peter 1129 Wellmer, Albrecht 1129, 1132 West, Western culture 6, 360, 1170-5; AKhRR 404; Bürgin 938, 940; Greenberg 774; McLuhan 754 —5; Newman 582; Said 1007, 1008-9, 1057; Spengler 230-2; Wollen 1108-9, 1110 Westheim, Paul 247 Westhoff, Clara (Rilke) 36 Weston, Edward 1036 Whistler, James Abbott McNeill 54, 169 Whitman, Robert 750 Wickhoff, F. 753 Wilden, Anthony 940 Williams, Raymond: texts 729-34, 1001-5, 1085-8 Willmans, Karl 121 Witte, Karl 408 Wittgenstein, Ludwig: Cavell 796; Fried 793; Johns 761; Kosuth 853; Krauss 978; Mitchell 1081, 1083; Nauman 911; Spengler 230 Wodiczko, Krzysztof 1038; text 1065-8 Wölfflin, Heinrich 110, 751, 753,789, 1084 Wollen, Peter 1059; text 1105-10 Wollheim, Richard 890; text 803-9 Wols (Wolfgang Schulze) 611; text 595-600 women 1094; see also feminism; gender women's art 815; Art Workers' Coalition 927; Export 927-9; Kippenberger 1102-3; Ukeles 917-19 women's issues 917 women's movement 815, 917, 928; see also feminism Wood, Grant: text 435-6 1258 Index Wordsworth, William 1058 working class see proletariat World War I 221-2; Ball 251; Beckman 271; Dix 408; Gaudier-Brzeska 166-7; Huelsenbeck 257-8; Kraus 171; Lewis 245-6; Tzara 256 World War II 557, 640, 646; Gottlieb 646-7; Greenberg 577; Halley 1043, 1044; Picasso 648; Rosenberg, H. 549-53 Worringer, Wilhelm 14, 116; text 66-9 Wright, G. H. Von 853 Wright, Frank Lloyd 308, 1143 Wright, William 583 Ybarra-Frausto, Tomas 1114 Yeats, W.B. 541-2, 1087 Yoshida, Toshio 700 Yoshihara, Jirô: text 698-701 Young, LaMonte 727, 910 Yvaral (Jean-Pierre Vasarely) 725 Zayas, Marius de 215 Zeno 612, 613, 614 Zervos, Christian 507 Zetkin, Clara 642 Zeuxis 547 Zhdanov, Andrei 669, 695; text 426-9 Zierath, Willy 269 Zola, Emile 45, 48, 49, 326, 916 Zoo 873 Zorio, Gilberto 897 Zyeltovski, I. V. 507 |
