| Volltext: | Index The table opposite displays the distribution of key words in the various articles. In the index, a vertical slash divides the page numbers by article to aid in finding relevant groups of entries. Abbasid, 113, 115 abstraction, 205, 216, 219 Achuar Indians, 15 | 183, 187, 190, 191 Ackerman,James S., 32 | 41,45,47,48,50,55, 58, 59, 72, 74 Addison,Joseph, 82, 84 African, 149 African Americans, 162 | 182,192 Agra, 111 Al-Andalus. See Spain Alemi, Mahvash, 112 Aleppo, 113 Algeria, 114 Alison, Archibald, 29 Allentuck, Marcia, 24 allotment gardens, 16 America, 23 | 29,31,32 | 38,50,66 | 85 | 97 I 128,131 I 137,144 American, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 12,14 | 28, 29, 30, 31, 33 I 40,44,52 I 86 | 131 | 137, 138, 139, 140,141, 142,143,144,146,148,149,151, 153, 154, 157, 158, 159 | 162, 163, 173, 176,178,179 I 192,198 American Academy, Rome, 2 | 20 | 31,32 | 73 American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA), 20 Americans, 25 | 150 Amherst, Amelia, 30 | 69 Ammannati, Bartolommeo, 44 Anderson, E. N., 12 | 198,201 Anglo-American, 2 | 28, 29, 32 Anglo-Dutch, 106 anglocentrism, 85 anglois-chinois, 86 anthropological, 65, 66 | 184 Arab, 113 Arabic, 203 archaeological, 109, 113, 116, 124,131 architectural, 28,31 | 38,40,45,46,47,50,60, 66, 68, 70, 72 | 84, 85, 86, 89 | 121, 124, 126, 127 I 138, 145 | 181, 194 Arman, Kjell, 200 art, 27, 29,30,31,32, 33 | 38,40,41,43,44,46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 57, 59, 62, 63, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76 | 78, 80, 82, 86, 90 I 91, 93, 95, 97, 99 | 107, 116,117,119, 124,126, 127, 128, 132, 134 | 138 | 184, 202, 204 artificial, 84 | 192 Ashby, Thomas, 30 Asher, Catherine, 125 Asia, 7 I 117, 128 | 149 Assunto, Rosario, 53 Austen, Jane, 103,104,106 Austrian, 44 authority, 91, 93, 99 | 125,133 | 162,177,179 Babur, 111, 120,126 Bacon, Sir Francis, 29 Bai Juyi, 217 Barcelona, 52 Baroque, 31 | 37,44,51,53,56,57,59,62,74 | 132 I 168 Barrell,John, 70 | 88 Battisti, Eugenio, 32, 33 Beale,John, 82, 84 Beaux Arts, 207 Benes, Mirka, 2, 3, 7, 9,11 | 37 Bergamo, 29 Bergquist, Magnus, 12 | 199 Bermingham, Ann, 70 Berque, Augustin, 90 | 218 Berrall, Julia, 24 Bhan, Ravindra, 121 Bliss, Mildred Barnes, 8 | 17,18, 19,20, 21,24 226 Index Bliss, Robert Woods, 18, 20 Bloch, Marc, 65 Borromini, Francesco, 29 botanical, 78 botanical gardens, 74 Boyceau, 24 Bramante, Donato, 28 | 44, 45 Brandi, Cesare, 53 Braudel, Fernand, 65 Brescia, 29 Britain, 3 | 91,106 | 201 British, 8,12 I 24 I 31 I 79,82,84,85,86 1129, 133 I 137 I 167 Brown, Lancelot (Capability), 85, 87, 89, 103 | 132 Buddhist, 112, 124 Burckardt, Jakob, 44 Butzer, Karl, 113 Cantoni, Angelo, 32, 33 Carrogis, Louis (Carmontelle), 80 Cartwright, Julia, 30 Central Asia, 107,110,126, 128 Chambers, William, 93 Chaudhury, K. N., 14 Chen Congzhou, 209, 210, 213, 214, 217, 219 Chen Jiru, 15 | 214,215 Chen Zhi, 207,218 China, 6, 15 | 207, 213 Chinese, 6,15,16 [ 88 | 117,132 | 203 | 205- 209,211-215,217,219 Chinese Academy, 207 Christian, 113 Christy, Stephen, 175 Chu-joe Hsia, 207, 208 Church, Tommy, 138 classic, 28 I 68 Clunas, Craig, 88 | 218 Coffin, David, 2, 5,7,12 | 24 | 27,32,33 | 38, 41,46, 50, 55,56,58 Cole, Flenry, 109 colloquium, 27, 33 | 47 | 113, 126 colonial, 125 colonial territories, 71 comparative, 48,59,65,67,76 | 107,110,113, 114, 117, 118,124, 127, 131,132,135 | 207, 209,215,218 Conan, Michel, 1, 5, 10, 12, 14, 15 | 68 | 181 conservation, 14,16 | 25 | 110, 119,121 | 172, 173 context, 37, 50, 54, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 72, 73, 75 I 81, 88 I 95,106 I 107,112,117, 121, 124, 127,128, 129 | 137, 139, 141,154 Coolidge, John, 41, 55 Cordoba, 10 Corner, James, 214 Cosgrove, Denis, 72 Cremona, 29 Cronin, William, 139 cultural, 47, 52, 54, 57, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 69, 71, 72, 76 I 78,79, 85, 86, 87, 88 | 91, 92, 99, 100, 103,104 I 112, 113, 117,119,120, 121,124,125,126,127,128,130,131,132, 135 I 138, 139,140, 142,143, 144,148, 149, 150, 154 I 161, 162, 164, 169, 170 | 181,183,191, 192, 193,194, 202, 203, 204 Cultural Revolution, 207 culture, 44, 59, 60, 64, 65, 67, 69,70, 71,72 | 79, 86, 88, 90 I 102, 103, 104, 105 | 138, 139, 140,153,157,158 | 182, 183, 184, 190, 191, 192,194, 202, 203 Cunningham, Alexander, 108 Dami, Luigi, 30, 31 | 38 Daniels, Stephen, 70 Dar, Saifur Rehman, 125 Dark Ages, 102 Darley, Gillian, 163 Darnall, Margaretta, 54 de Laborde, Alexandre-Louis Joseph, 85 De Negri, Emmina, 45 Dean, Martin R., 80, 81 dehistoricization, 103 Delhi, 111 Denham,John, 94, 95, 96, 97 Denmark, 198 Descola, Philippe, 15 | 182,183,184,187,189, 190, 191 design as process, 47, 59, 60, 62, 75, 76 | 110, 117, 118, 121, 126, 127, 131, 132 | 137, 144, 149, 150, 158 | 181 design as project, 2, 8 | 17 | 27 | 52, 70 | 82, 87, 88, 90 I 121 I 145, 146, 148, 150, 157, 158 I 161, 162, 163,164, 166, 167, 168, 169,170,171,172,173,175,176,178 | 181, 183, 184, 192, 194, 198, 201 227 Index design as realization, 3,4 | 28, 29, 30, 33 | 51, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 76 | 84, 86, 88, 89 I 111,112,113,120 I 140,144,145, 148, 149, 150, 152, 154 | 162 | 181, 182,194 I 217,218 Diboll, Neill, 178 Dickie, James, 113 discipline, 27 | 54,59,66,69,72 | 78,81 | 138 I 161 I 207 Dominick, Raymond, 172 Downing, Andrew Jackson, 25 I 85,86,87 I 142, 146, 151 Dumbarton Oaks, 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 13 | 17,19, 21,22,24,26 | 33 | 47,51,69 | 85 | 107, 113, 126 I 181, 182, 192 Dutch, 71 I 84 I 106 | 117, 129, 132 East Asian, 128 Eaton, Leonard K., 175 Eberlein, Harold, 31 Ecole des Annales, 11 ecological, 13 [ 50 | 86 | 139 | 161,162, 163, 164, 166, 167,168, 171,172,173, 174,175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180 | 182, 183, 190, 191,202, 203 ecology, 162,163,164,166,168,171,173, 174,176,177, 179,180 | 183,191 Eden, Frederick, 29 Egypt, 110 Eliot, Charles, 28 Elkins, James, 80, 81 England, 13 | 29, 32 | 66, 69, 71, 76 | 82, 84, 85, 88 I 92, 95, 96, 97, 100, 101, 104 I 134 I 167, 170, 175 English, 2, 4, 12, 13 | 24 [ 28, 29, 30, 31 | 46, 65, 67, 69, 70, 76 | 82, 84-87 | 91- 106 I 129, 132 I 165, 167-169 English-language publications, 24 Enlightenment, 98, 99, 100, 105 environmental, 50 | 139,150,154,158 | 162, 163, 168, 171, 172, 179 | 194 Eurocentric, 14 | 25 | 129 | 219 Europe, 14 | 25 | 50,52 | 110,117,128, 130, 131, 132 I 165, 179 European, 6,14 | 23 | 56, 75, 76 | 82, 86 | 109, 112, 117, 126, 127, 129 | 149 | 208,219 Europeans, 176 Evelyn, John, 82, 84 | 161 experience, 51, 59, 65 | 79,80,81,89 | 110,117, 118, 119, 121 I 138, 139, 141, 145, 148, 149, 150, 151,152,153,158 | 184, 187,188,198, 199, 203, 204 | 209, 212, 213, 215, 217 explain, 81, 82, 87, 89 | 98, 99 | 188, 190 F aida, G.B.,30 Farrand, Beatrix, 17, 19 Fascist, 32 Italian, 2, 12 Faure, Gabriel, 31 fellowships, 17,19,20,21,22,23,24,26 | 44,73 | 85 fence, 106 Findly, Ellison, 112,117 Fiorani, Camillo, 32 Firth, Raymond, 183 Florence, 2 | 32 | 50,73,74 Fontaine, Pierre, 27, 28, 30, 31 formal, 4,10 | 28 | 44,68 | 82,86,87,88 | 165. See also informal; regular Foster, Alfred Dwight, 28 Foucaldian, 14 fountains, 40, 54, 73 | 158 Fouquier, Marcel, 128 France, 65, 69,76 | 84,85,86 | 192,194,201 Francis, Mark, 12 | 199 French, 29 | 65, 66,67, 68, 69,70, 71,72, 76 | 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 90 | 92, 97,105, 106 | 129, 132 I 165,166 I 184 I 219 French Academy, Rome, 31 French-language publications, 24 | 31 frescoes, 30 Frommel, Christoph L., 40, 41, 50, 55 frontier, 154 function, 38, 47, 58 | 80 | 115, 127, 132 | 140, 146, 147, 158 I 176 | 186, 189, 191 | 209, 216 Fung, Stanislaus, 6, 10, 15, 16 | 205 Galletti, Giorgio, 73 Ganay, Ernest de, 68 | 86 garden allotments, 14,16 | 196, 198,199, 202 garden ornaments, 22 228 Index gardens England Donewell Abbey, 103 Stowe, 101,102 Elysian Fields, 82 | 101 Temple of British Worthies, Stowe, 101, 102 Temple of Liberty, 102 France Bosquet des Sources,Trianon, 82, 83, 86 La Villette Park, Paris, 53 Monceau, 80, 81 Versailles,Yvelines, 67, 68, 69 | 86 India Humayuns tomb,Delhi, 111, 114, 117 Shalamar garden, Kashmir, 123 Italy Belvedere Court,Vatican, 28, 32 | 41,44, 45 Boboli gardens, Florence, 73 Canossa Palace,Verona, 29 Casale di Castel Campanile farm of Prince Borghese, 49 Caserta, Naples, 30 Casino Ludovisi, villa landscape, 57 Casino of Pius IV, Vatican, 50 Giusti gardens, Verona, 29 Isola Bella,Villa Borromea, Lake Maggiore, 31, 32 I 42 Orti Farnesiani, Rome, 50 Pratolino, near Florence, 32 Quirinal Palace,Vicenza, 29, 30 Villa Albani, Rome, 28 Villa Arconati, Castellazzo, 43 Villa Barbara, Maser, 48 Villa Borghese, Rome, 30 [ 60, 63 Villa d'Este,Tivoli, 24 | 28,29,30,32 | 41, 44, 46, 48 Villa Farnese, Caprarola, 28 | 53, 54 Villa Foscarini, Padua, 39 Villa Giulia, Rome, 41,44, 50 Villa Lante, Bagnaia, 28,29, 32, 33 | 50, 53 Villa Ludovisi, Rome, 38, 60, 63 Villa Madama, Rome, 44, 51 Villa Mattei, Rome, 24 | 33 | 41,46,50, 51 Villa Medici, Castello, 29 | 50,73,75 Villa Montalto, Rome, 63 Villa Orsini, Bomarzo, 31, 32 | 54 Villa Pamphili (Pamphilj), Rome, 30 | 55, 59, 60, 63 Villa Pisani, Padua, 40, 41 villas of Galeazzo Alessi, Genoa, 50 Pakistan Asaf Khan's tomb-garden, Lahore, 118 Diwan-i Khas garden pavilion, Lahore Fort, 122 Jahangir's tomb-garden, Lahore, 119 Shalamar garden, Lahore, 109 Spain Alhambra, Granada, 113 Madinat al-Zahra, Cordoba, 113 United States Prospect Park, Brooklyn, 86 gaz, 116, 121 generalization, 205, 216, 219 genius loci, 149, 152, 158 Genoa, 50 Genoese, 45, 50 geometric, 86 German, 3 | 40,43,46,52 | 129 | 161,162, 164, 166, 167,168,169, 170,171, 173,176, 178,179 I 199 Germans, 85 | 165 Germany, 5,7,13 | 28 | 38 | 85 | 161,166, 167, 169,170, 171,172,176,177 Girouard, Mark, 70 Glorious Revolution of 1688,100,102, 104 Gnoli, Domenico, 30, 31 Godelier, Maurice, 183 Golombek, Lisa, 112 Gorse, George, 45 Gothein, Marie Luise, 24 | 30,31 | 38 | 124, 128 I 163 Gothic, 102,105 Granada, 114 Gray, Thomas, 91, 93 Grese, Robert, 175, 176 Griswold, Ralph, 22 Gromort, Georges, 31, 32 Gröning, Gert, 173,176,177,178 Gropius, Walter, 32 grottoes, 29 | 40, 73 groves, 40,71 Hallbaum, Franz, 166 Halprin, Lawrence, 10 | 158 229 Index fountain environments, 10 Hampel, Carl, 162 hanging gardens, 117 Harvard Landscape Architecture Department, 20 Hasler, Hans, 167 Havell, 124,129 Hazlehurst, F. Hamilton, 24 Helphand, Kenneth, 4, 9,10,12 | 137 Hermand,Jost, 171,172 Hermann, Elizabeth Dean, 114 Heydenreich, Ludwig von, 40 highways, 22 | 145,147 | 172 Hindu, 112, 113, 120, 124,126, 133 Hirschfeld, C. C. L., 85, 86 | 161 historiography, 3, 5,10,15 | 27 | 37,50,54,59, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71 | 84, 85, 86, 87 I 99, 100 I 108, 129 | 138 | 205, 206, 207,208,215,219 Hodgson, Marshall, 14 Holland, 71 horticultural, 74 | 84 | 182,183,191 horticultural communities, 16 horticultural treatises, 18 horticulture, 26, 27 Hoskins,W. G., 70 Hubbard, Henry Vincent, 145 | 163 Hunt, John Dixon, 3, 5, 8,10,11,12 | 69,71 | 77 I 181 Hussain,Ali Akbar, 125 Hussey, Christopher, 69 Hüttig, Oskar, 162 iconographical, 45, 50, 51, 59 idea, 53, 54, 64, 68, 70 | 79, 82, 87, 90 | 139, 140, 149, 151 I 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174, 175,176, 177, 179, 180 | 182,188,191, 194,200, 201 identity, 54 | 95 | 124,126,127,128,131 | 140,149 I 168 I 192,194,195,199 ideology, 47,70, 71 | 133 | 138,140,144,146, 151, 158 I 166,167, 168, 171, 172, 173 image, 85,89, 1112,117,126 | 199,200 | 208, 209,213 India, 112,113,115,119,121,126,128,130,132 Indian, 12, 14 | 109, 111, 115, 117,124, 126, 127,129,130,132,133 Indians, 8 informal, 10 | 82,87,88 | 165. See also formal; regular interest, 30,32,33 | 47,52,53,54,73 | 115, 116,119,121, 124, 129,131,135 | 138, 149,158 I 161,162,163, 166,167,168, 171, 175 I 181,182,184, 190,191,193, 196 I 206,207,217,218,219 Iran, 112, 128,131 Iraq, 113, 114 Islamic, 25 | 107,111,113,114,115,117,124, 126,127,128,131 Islamicization, 112, 126, 131 Istanbul, 113 Italian, 1-3, 5, 7, 9 127-35 | 37-76 | 79 [ 114, 129,132 I 165 I 193 Italianate, 28 | 106 Italy, 2 I 27,29,30,32 | 44,46,52,54,57,66, 71,75,76 I 85 | 114, 117 Jackson, J. B., 149,152 Jacquin, 18 James, William, 29 Jan Pieper, 117 Japanese, 15 | 132 | 203 | 206,218,219 Jarlov, Lena, 12 | 198 Jashemski, Wilhelmina, 25 Jekyll, Gertrude, 29 | 74 Jellicoe, Geoffrey, 31, 32,33 Jensen,Jens, 138,145 | 163,173,174,175,177, 178 Johnson, Barbara, 32, 40. See also Masson, Georgina Jordan, William R., Ill, 178 Kant, Immanuel, 10 Kaplan, Rachel, 152 Kaplan, Stephen, 152 Karson, Robin, 175 Kashmir, 124 Kashmiri, 132,135 Kausar, Sajjad, 121 Kent, William, 85, 87 | 103 | 137 Kimball, Theodora, 145 | 163 Knight, Richard Payne, 95 Koch, Ebba, 117,127 230 Index Kuhn,Thomas S., 2,11 | 91 Labyrinth,Versailles, 69 Laird, Mark, 88 Lake Maggiore, 31 Lamb, Carl, 40,41 landscape architects, 2, 6, 8,13 | 22,23 | 31 | 62, 73, 76 I 114 I 149 | 161, 162, 163, 167, 168, 171,172, 173, 174,176,177,179 landscape architecture, 3, 5, 8, 13,15 | 17, 20, 21, 23, 25 I 28, 32 | 65, 66 | 78, 88 | 121 I 138, 158 I 161, 162, 163, 166, 168, 169, 173, 174, 176, 178, 179, 180 | 188, 194, 202, 203, 204 | 207, 208, 218, 219 schools of, 23 landscape garden, 3 | 84 | 91,92,100,101,102, 103, 104, 106 I 165, 166, 167, 168, 169 Lange,Willy, 164,165,166,167,169,174,177 Lanzaro, Paola, 74 Lassus, Bernard, 182,194 Lazzaro, Claudia, 54, 63, 64,72,74 Le Nôtre, André, 69 | 82, 86, 87, 89 Lenné, Peter Joseph, 169,170 Leslie, Michael, 3, 5,13 j 84 | 91 Lewis, Charles, 179 Li Gefei, 216 Lieberman, Ralph, 64 Ligorio, Pirro, 28 | 44, 46, 48 London, 31 LongstafFe-Gowan,Todd, 182,201 Lorrain, Claude, 61 Lötz, Wolfgang, 40, 50, 55 Loudon, Jane, 74 Loudon, John Claudius, 78, 87 | 128 | 161 Lowenthal, David, 149 Lynch, Kevin, 152 Lyttleton, George, 101 Mabil, Luigi, 85 MacDougall, Elisabeth Blair, 1, 8, 9 | 17 | 32 | 40,41,46, 50,51,55,56, 74 Mäding, Erhard, 168, 169 Magnani, Lauro, 45 Malinowski, Bronislaw, 10 | 182,183,184,186, 187, 188, 190 Mannerist, 106 Manning,Warren H., 174 Mappes, Michael, 167 Marefat, Roya, 111,112 Mariage, Thierry, 69, 71 Marin, Louis, 67, 68 Marinelli, Janet, 179 Marx, Leo, 143,144 Mason, William, 91, 93, 94, 95, 97, 100 Masson, Georgina, 41, 46, 74 | 79. See also Johnson, Barbara McChesney, Robert, 111 medieval, 124,128 Mediterranean, 114, 128 | 165,166 Mehtab Bagh project, Agara, India, 123 Meiji, 206 method, 22, 25 | 40, 43, 44, 46, 52, 54, 59, 60, 69, 70, 73 I 77, 89 | 96, 98, 99 | 113, 117, 119, 124, 131, 135 I 138, 139, 153 | 174 | 183,184, 190,191,198, 199, 203 ] 207 Meyer, Johann Heinrich Gustav, 169 Michelangelo, 117 Middle East, 130 Miller, Wilhelm, 174 Milton, John, 95, 96,106 Ming dynasty, 88 | 214,218 Mitchell,W.J.T., 71 modern, 73 | 84 | 93,95,98,99,105 | 120, 121, 128 I 144, 157 | 164, 174 | 208, 215, 217,218,219 modernization, 16 | 207,214 Mollet, André, 69 Monceau, 80 Moorish, 27 | 113,114,128 Morel, Jean-Marie, 85 Moynihan, Elizabeth, 118,121,126 Mughal, 1, 8, 9, 12, 14 | 76 | 107, 109, 110, 111, 112,113, 114, 116, 118,121, 124, 125, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 134 Mughal Empire, 108 Mughals, 8 I 117, 126 Mukeiji, Chandra, 69, 71 Mumtaz, KamalKhan, 121 Muslim, 4 I 113, 117,129, 131 Naples, 27 Nasrids, 114 Nation, 28 nation, 32 | 52, 53, 54, 69, 71 | 77, 82, 84, 86 | 231 Index 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 100, 101, 102 | 119,129, 130,131, 133 I 140,142,148,149,150, 152,153,158 I 175 | 199 National Socialism, 161, 165, 166, 167, 170, 171, 173,176,177, 178 National Socialist, 167, 171 natural, 84, 87, 88 | 156 | 168, 169, 173, 174, 175,176, 178, 179 | 188,191 naturalize, 209 nature, 47, 59, 64, 65,72 | 79,82,84,85,87,88, 90 I 137, 138, 139, 140, 147, 148,158, 159 I 161, 162, 163, 164, 165,166, 167, 170, 172,173, 174, 175,176,177,179,180 | 187,190, 191,194, 200, 201, 202, 203 living, 5 representations, 5 "nature" 10 Nazis, 13 I 166,167, 171,172,173,175, 177, 178,179 Necipoglu, Gulru, 113, 115 neo-Gothic, 102,105 Netherlands, 71, 76 Newton, Norman, 23 Nichols, Rose, 31 Niedermeier, Michael, 75 Nohl,Werner, 12 ] 199 non-European, 24 | 128 non-Western, 219 Nordic, 165,166,167,169,175,176 O'Kane, Bernard, 112 OkaOji, 15 I 206,207,215 Olmsted, Frederick Law, 139, 146, 147, 158 open spaces, 158 Oriental, 128 Orientalism, 6 Orsini, 31 Ottoman, 76 | 113, 115, 127 Pakistan, 108, 120, 121,131 Pakistani, 109 Palatine, 50 Palladio, Andrea, 31 | 48 Panofsky, Erwin, 45, 46 paradigm, 91, 101 Paris, 52, 68 parking, 145 parks, 40, 53, 60, 64, 73 | 104 | 121, 132 | 139, 146, 147,148, 152, 158 | 165,166,169, 170, 175 parkways, 147 Parrish, Maxfield, 29 parterre, 88 | 184 particular, 65, 70, 71 | 81,82,89 | 161,162, 164, 167,169, 170,173, 175, 176, 177, 179 I 205,215,217 pastoral, 144, 148, 158 Pauly, Charlotte, 31 pavilions, 112, 116 | 216 PengYigang, 210, 213,214 Percier, Charles, 27, 28, 30,31 Pérez-Gômez, Alberto, 72 pergolas, 29 Persia, 110,112,126,130 Persian, 9 | 112, 114, 124 | 203 Peruzzi, Baldassare, 30 Peto, Harold, 22 Petruccioli, Attilio, 117, 126 Pevsner, Nicholas, 24 Picon, Antoine, 69 picturesque, 86 | 94 picturesque garden, 9 | 24 Piedmont, 52 Pinsent, Cecil, 29 Pinturicchio, 30 Pisa, 74 Piatt, Charles, 28 pleasure park, 64 Pliny the Younger, 27 Poland, 168 political, 32 I 44, 47, 48, 50, 54 | 82, 84, 85 | 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104 I 114,118,121,125,126,131 | 161,162, 166,167, 170, 171, 172, 173, 176, 179, 180 I 192, 196 Pollan, Michael, 159 | 178,179 Pompeian, 30, 31 Pompeo Molmenti, 31 Pope, Alexander, 84 Popisil, Leopold, 183 post-colonial, 117, 131, 134 post-Meiji, 207 post—World War II, 155 Powell, Florence Lee, 209 Praeneste, 45 232 Index Pray,James S., 28 Praz, Mario, 31, 32 presentation, 87, 88 | 209, 213 preservation, 25 | 73 | 161 professional, 38,41, 47, 52,65,69,76 | 78,79, 81 | 137,145 | 183 | 218 public, 52, 66, 75 | 141,158 public parks, 4 | 22 | 52 public space, 4,14 Pückler-Muskau, Prince Hermann, 165,166, 169, 170 Pugin, 208 Puppi, Lionello, 33 | 45, 47 Racine, Michel, 193 Raphael, 44 reception, 64 | 89,90 | 218 reconstruction, 27 | 42,47,51,53 Redford, Scott, 113 Reformation, 96, 104 regional, 47,48,52, 54,76 | 110,114,117,124, 131 I 138,141,148,149,150,151,153 regular, 165. See also formal; informal Rehmann, Elsa, 174, 175 Renaissance, 3,15 | 27,28,30,31,32,33 | 37, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 63, 64, 67, 70, 72, 74 | 106 | 117,128 | 165,168 I 181 representation, 54,62, 64, 67, 68, 72,73,74 | 87, 88 I 191,202,203 | 209,213,219 Repton, Humphry, 70 | 87 | 146 | 170 reservoirs, 29 residential developments, 22 restoration, 2, 4, 8 | 29 | 53,54 | 108,118,119, 134 I 178, 179 revise, 82 | 138 | 207 Rich, Vivian, 117 Riley, Robert, 149 road, 146, 149 Roberts, Edith A., 175 Robinson, William, 163,175 Rollins, William, 171, 172 Roman, 25 | 30, 31, 33 | 41, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 56, 58, 59, 60, 76 | 97 | 113 | 203 Rome, 2 | 24 | 27,28,30,31,32 | 40,41,44, 45, 54, 58, 60, 62, 73, 75 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 98, 99 Ruggles, D. Fairchild, 114, 115, 117 Safavid, 116,127,131 Samarra, 113,114,115,117 Sasaki, Hideo, 23 Schama, Simon, 71 Schinkel, Karl Friedrich, 27 Schwager, Klaus, 40 Scotland, 30, 84 Scully,Vincent J., 69, 71 sculptures, 54 Segre, Ada, 74 Seifert, Alwin, 172,173 Seljuk, 113 Sereni, Emilio, 49, 50, 70 Shepherd, Jock, 31 Shipman, Ellen, 138 shrubbery, 88 Sicily, 115 Sikh, 125, 126 Silva, Ercole, 85 Simonds, O. C., 176 site planning, 32 Sitwell, Sir George, 29 Smith, Webster, 32 social, 31, 33 I 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 52, 54, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76 I 93, 99, 100 | 113, 114, 118 | 161,162, 166,178 | 181,182,183,185, 187,188, 189,191,192,193, 194, 195,198, 199, 200, 201,202, 203,204 Song dynasty, 209,212 Sorvig, 177 Sotherton, 104 source, 27, 28 | 38,41,51,58 | 112,119,121, 126 I 190, 194, 204 | 205, 206, 217, 218, 219 South America, 183 South Asia, 107,110,112,119,121,128,131 space, 208, 215 Spain, 27 | 110, 113, 114, 115, 117 Spanish, 44, 71 | 115,132 Spencer, Herbert, 29 Spirn,Anne Whiston, 139 | 179 Sri Lanka, 112 Stein, Clarence, 146 Steiner, Rudolf, 171 Stilgoe,John, 149 Strawberry Hill, 92, 96, 102,105 Strong, Sir Roy, 33 | 69 233 Index Subtelny, Maria Eva, 110 SugimuraYûzo, 206 Sweden, 5,12,14 | 198,199 Switzer, Stephen, 82, 84 Syria, 113,117 Tabbaa,Yasser, 113, 115,117 Taj Mahal, 124 Tang dynasty, 216, 217 Tatum, George, 25 teleology, 84, 87 | 98 | 217 theoretical, 53,76 | 116,135 | 152 | 182,183, 191,204 I 207, 215 Timurid, 110, 111, 112,124,130,131 Tivoli, 28,30, 32 | 41,46,48 Tongiorgi Tomasi, Lucia, 74 topiary, 86 tourist, 43 | 93 | 119,121 trees, 215, 216 Triggs, H. Inigo, 29 Trobriander, 186 Tschumi, Bernard, 53 Tuckermann, W. P., 27, 28 Tudor, 132 Tuileries, 53 Turkey, 110,113 Tuscan, 31 | 45,46 Tuscany, 29, 31, 32 | 45,46,59 Tyssen-Amherst, Alicia Margaret, 79 Umayyad, 115 United States, 3, 5, 7, 13 | 28 | 138, 143, 150 173, 176, 178, 179 | 182, 192, 198 unnatural, 84, 86 urban open spaces, 22 Uzbekistan, 111 Vanvitelli, Luigi, 30 Vatican, 28, 32 | 50 Vaughn, Robert, 23 Venetian, 31, 33 | 46 Veneto, 3 | 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 59, 72 Venice, 29, 31 Vera, André, 86 vernacular, 5,7 | 66,69,72 | 88 | 153 | 181, 182,192, 199, 200, 202, 203 | 209 Verona, 29 Via Nomentana, Rome, 48 Vicenza, 29 | 47 Victorian, 106 Vidier, Anthony, 68 vigne, 60 Vignola, Giacomo Barozzida, 28, 44 Vijayanagar, 112 villeggiatura, 31 | 58 Villiers-Stuart, Constance Mary, 8, 12,14 | 108, 124, 129, 132, 133,135 vineyards, 60, 64 Visentini, Margherita Azzi, 45 visual, 47, 62, 64, 65, 67, 68, 73 | 92 | 114, 117 I 191, 193,194, 203 | 208, 209, 212, 214, 217,218,219 Walker, Peter, 145 Walpole, Horace, 3,13 | 84,86 | 91,92,93,94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99,100,101,103,104,105, 106 I 137 WangYi, 207,217 waterworks, 112, 113 Waugh, Frank Albert, 145 | 174 Weil, Mark, 54 wells, 29 Wescoat, James L. Jr., 4, 9,10,12, 14 | 107 West, 207 Western, 1,6,14,15 | 116,130 | 166 | 191, 194 I 208, 209, 213, 214, 215, 219 Westernization, 15 | 207,214,219 wetland, 86 Wharton, Edith, 29 Whately, Thomas, 84 Wiepking-Jiirgensmann, Heinrich Friedrich, 168, 169, 170, 171 wilderness, 88 Williams, Edgar, 31 Williams, Raymond, 70 | 88 Williamson, Tom, 88 Willis, Peter, 69 Wind, Edgar, 45 Wölfflin, Heinrich, 44 Wolschke-Bulmahn, Joachim, 5, 13 | 161,177 World War II, 2 | 32 | 38,44,52 | 167,168, 170 Worster, Donald, 139 234 Index Wright, Frank Lloyd, 145,146 Wright, Henry, 146 Zapatka, Christian, 148 Zhangjiaji, 206 Zhou Weiquan, 206 |
