Stichwortverzeichnis

              Index
academies and academicism 13, 14,
32, 114, 147, 265, 286-7, 455-8,
529, 532, 569, 684, 880, 890, 896
Academies, American 143, 266,
267, 270, 271, 287, 647, 928
Academy, Florence 536
Academy, French 23, 24-6, 32, 84,
147, 179, 554
Academy, Royal (London) 147,
271n, 311-12, 426, 427, 508-9,
772-3; annual exhibitions, 1838:
257. 1850: 436-7, 438. 1851:
440, 441-6
Academy, St Petersburg 522-5,
921, 923
Accademia Reale (Naples) 541
Adam, Paul 1017, 1033; on Degas
959, 961; on Pissarro 961;
review of final Impressionist
exhibition 958-62; on Seurat
959, 961; on Signac 961-2; text
958-62
aestheticism 356, 394-6, 633, 634,
650, 684, 685, 828, 833, 838,
871-2
aesthetics (Part V passim) 7, 13,
42, 51, 388, 391, 394, 610, 633,
634, 650, 724, 862, 880; aesthetic
content 690-1, 711; aesthetic
formalism 690; aesthetic
judgement 351, 608-9, 610;
Allston on 92-5; Chernyshevsky
on 388-94; Cousin on 193-5;
Dilthey on 724-30; empiricist
aesthetics 632-5, 682;
experimental 724, 726; Fechner
on 632-5, 682; Fiedler on 685;
Goethe on 12, 74-7; Hegel on
12, 57-69; Henry on 953-8; the
individual aesthetic 869-71;
Mallarmé on 591-2; materialist
aesthetics 388, 391, 394; musical
479-83; Pater on 828-30;
rationalist aesthetics 724, 726;
Schleiermacher on 69-74;
Vischer, Friedrich on 686-90;
Vischer, Robert on 690-3;
Zimmermann on 607-10; Zola
on 552-4, 557-8
Akenside, Mark 113
Albani (Albano), Francesco 240,
451
Alberti, Leon Battista 853
alienation 280, 341, 568, 787, 798;
Marx on 170-3
allegory 75, 370, 535, 882, 1058;
Bürger on 381-2, 386; Goethe
on 76
Allori, Alessandro 44
Allston, Washington 269, 286; on
aesthetics 92-5; on
individualism 93; on nature and
art 94; on originality 93-4; on
portraiture 93; on truth 93-5;
text 92-5
Alma-Tadema, Lawrence 927
Amauray-Duval, Charles-Alexandre
319
American Civil War 311,530
American cultural 'Renaissance'
163
Amicis, Edmondo de 877; on
Paris 883-8
anarchism 154, 179, 221, 795, 814,
876, 1014, 1029
anatomical study 532; Eakins on
649-51; Haydon on 232—4
ancien regime 23, 317
The Ancients (group of English
Romantic artists) 125
ancients/antiquity 45, 46, 87—8,
136, 185, 205, 230, 277, 334, 363,
568, 596, 620, 646, 648, 648-9,
942; see also Greek art
animation 722, 942; Degas on
565, 567
Anquetin, Louis 1018, 1019, 1056
Apollonian and Dionysian duality
740-5, 783, 784-5
applied arts 750-8; Morris on 683,
750-8; see also decorative arts;
lesser arts; ornament
arabesque 481-2, 1065
architecture 63, 69, 751, 785, 832;
Cousin on 195; Gothic 447-9,
715; Humbert de Superville on
228,229-30,231,711;
photography and 253; Pugin on
159-62; Romanesque 715;
Ruskin on 447—9; Vischer,
Friedrich on 689; Wagner on
473; Wölfflin on 711, 714,
722-3
Aristophanes 156
Aristotle 18,46, 153
Arnold, Matthew: on curiosity
463; on individualism 463; on a
universally congenial society
462-7; text 462-7
art for art's sake 37, 192, 356,
357-9, 372, 385, 405, 407, 682,
791, 804, 925; Courbet on 372;
Gautier on 95-100; Nietzsche
on 786; Proudhon on 405-7;
Wilde on 684, 791, 859-62
Art Nouveau 878, 1060; see also
Jugendstil
l'art pour l'art see art for art's sake
Artel 522-3, 921
artifice 314, 484, 493, 522, 1004;
Baudelaire on 502-3
artistic independence 146, 506-8,
828-32, 853-5; Cousin on
192-6; Dunlap on 266-9;
Kramskoy on 523; Morse
on 269-71; Proudhon on 406
Astrae, Zacharie 511, 514, 519,
1056
Aurier, G.-Albert 869, 879,
1030-1, 1033; on Gauguin
1025-9; on the Idea 1025, 1026,
1028; on modernism 1025; on
Realism 1025-6; on Symbolism
1025, 1028; on Van Gogh
948-52; texts 948-52, 1025-9
Austen, Jane 773-4
avant-garde 4, 145-6, 204-6, 310,
312, 314, 530, 532, 568, 569, 572,
838, 847, 876, 877, 878, 879, 880,
903, 925, 942, 953, 1040; St
Simon on 37-41
Bach, Johann Sebastian 1056
Bacon, Francis, Viscount St Albans
133, 153, 950
Bacon, Roger 266
Bahr, Hermann 878, 916; on the
modern 908—11; on the Vienna
Secession 914-16; texts
908-11, 914-16
Bakst, Leon 925
Balzac, Honoré de 383, 488, 492,
530, 577, 725, 763, 764-5, 890,
927, 1015; on mimesis 88, 90;
on modernism 88; on Realism
88, 89-90; The Unknoum
Masterpiece 88-92; text 88-92
barbarism 145, 316, 877, 1034,
1037
Index 1085
Barbizon school 117,221, 373, 940
Baroque 185, 717, 720-4
Bartolommeo, Fra 36
Barye, Antoine-Louis 180
Bashkirtseff, Marie 684, 779, 903,
904; on the nude 766-7; text
765-9
Bastien-Lepage, Jules 901, 967,
1035, 1036, 1056
Baudelaire, Charles 144, 146, 147,
177, 312, 314, 366, 370, 371, 378,
410, 462, 518, 535, 546, 559, 576,
585, 586, 685, 791, 812, 817, 878,
1003, 1014, 1025; on artifice
502-3; on the artist 493-7; on
beauty 487-8, 493-4, 666; on
the bourgeoisie 300-3; on colour
259-62; on conservatism 300,
302-4; Correspondences 484-5,
487, 632, 878; on critical method
485-9; on the crowd 812; on
curiosity 462; on dandyism
496, 498-501; on David 497; on
Delacroix 147, 261, 360;
Delacroix on 327; Les Fleurs du
Mal 484-5, 514, 1029-30; on
genius 462, 495—6; on the idea
of progress 485-9; On
imagination 489-91; on Ingres
498; on modernity 493-506; on
nature 502; on the nude 304;
'on the heroism of modern life'
302-4; on photography 533,
666-8; on prostitution 493, 498,
503-5; on Woman 501-2; texts
259-62, 300-3, 484-91, 493-506,
666-8
Baudry, Paul 902
Bauer, Bruno 296
Bauhaus 159
Baumgarten, Alexander 681
Bazille, Frédéric 546
Beaumont, Sir George 92, 119,
132
beauty 45, 377, 393, 686, 923, 936;
in art and nature 58-9;
Baudelaire on 487-8, 493-4,
666; Carus on 102; Castagnary
on 411; Chernyshevsky on
388, 391-2; Courbet on 404;
Cousin on 194; Darwin on
353-5; Delacroix on 362; as a
dialectical product 493;
Emerson on 277-80; Gautier
on 98-9; Goethe on 12, 75;
Hegel on 58-9, 61; ideal beauty
36, 193-4; Ingres on 184;
intellectual beauty 202-3; Millet
on 375; in music 479-80, 484;
Nietzsche on 785; Poynter on
645-6; relativism in standards
of 893; Ruskin on 202-3;
Vehlen on 821-7; Vischer,
Friedrich on 682, 687;
Zimmermann on 608, 609; Zola
on 557, 558
Beaux Arts see École des Beaux Arts
Beethoven, Ludwig van 276, 993,
1008, 1010, 1050, 1056
Béliard, Edouard 571
Belinsky, Vissarion
Grigorievich 388, 394; on pure
art 357-9; on realism 356-9;
on Russian literature 356-9;
text 356-9
Benjamin, Walter 146, 280, 309,
654, 882
Benois, Alexander 925
Bentham, Jeremy 145, 185; utility
(value) of the arts 149-51
Béraud, Jean 967
Berghem, Nicholas Pietersz 132,
950
Berlin Secession 1060
Berlioz, Hector 327-8, 1030, 1056
Bernard, Emile 862, 948, 988, 991,
1018; on Cézanne 985-7
Bernhardt, Sarah 781, 1035
Bernini, Gian Lorenzo 867
Bianchini, Antonio 211-13
Blake, William 125
Blanc, Charles 225; on colour
618-25; on Delacroix 622, 623,
624; on light 619-23; on Rubens
623-4; text 618-25
Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna 745-50
Block, Joseph 911
Böcklin, Arnold 818,852,904,
1056
Boileau, Nicolas 46, 362, 386, 406,
408, 724
Bonaparte, Louis Napoleon 179,
309, 509
Bonheur, Rosa 360, 772, 777, 779
Bonnard, Pierre 862
Bonnat, Léon 419
Botticelli, Sandro 867
Boucher, François 24, 96, 166,
383; Constable on 130;
Goncourt brothers on 417
Boudin, Eugène 300, 314, 520-2,
574; Duranty on 578; on
Meissonier 522; text 520-2
Bouguereau, Adolphe-William 455,
571, 896, 1056; Denis on 863,
864, 865; Homer on 600; Thoré
on 457
Boulanger, Gustave 1025
Bourdon, Sebastian 130
bourgeois ideology 3, 530-1
bourgeoisie 3, 4, 166-7, 309, 312,
368-9, 522, 531, 877, 878, 880,
1011, 1033; aesthetic experience
of 144, 222; Baudelaire on
300-3; Marx and Engels.on
177-9; philistinism of Ì44,
221-4, 1030; Thoré on 144,
220-4
Bramante, Donato 721
Breton, Jules 521, 522, 902
Breughel, Pieter 943
Brouwer, Adriaen 458
Brown, Ford Madox 440, 441,
811; on Work 458-62
Bryullov, Karl 358
Buchon, Max 370, 371; on
Courbet 364-6
Burckhard, Max 916-17
Burckhardt, Jacob 683, 711,
736-40; on culture 736-40
Burger, William see Thoré,
Théophile
Burke, Édmund 634
Burne-Jones, Edward 811, 834,
1054, 1056
Burnet, Thomas 217-18
Burns, Robert 614, 932
Butler, Lady Elizabeth 775
Byron, George Gordon, Lord 13,
26, 28, 269
Byzantine art 877, 918, 921, 1031
Cabanel, Alexandre 414, 455-6,
457, 571, 892, 899, 901, 994;
Thoré on 457, 458
Cabianca, Vincenzo 537, 539
Café Guerbois 547, 570, 576
Café Volpini exhibition 1022, 1039
Caillebotte, Gustave 576, 592, 599
Callot, Jacques 47
calotype 655, 656
camera obscura 249, 250, 251, 253
Canova, Antonio 36, 99, 452
Cantaloube, Amédée 517
capitalism 78, 170, 177, 311, 313,
345, 349-51, 875; Marx on 177,
349-51
Caravaggio 42; Bürger on 383
Carlyle, Thomas 163, 458; on
mechanization 263-6; on
symbols 77-80; texts 77-80,
263-6
Carolus-Duran, Émile-Auguste
1056
Carracci, Agostino and Annibale
109, 452, 458, 866, 867; Galeotti
on 450, 451
Carrel, Armand lOOn
Carrier-Belleuse, Albert Ernest
967
Carus, Carl Gustav: on landscape
painting 12, 101-7; on mimetic
art 103; on science 103, 105;
text 101—7
Casas, Ramon 920
Cassatt, Mary 598, 928-30, 967;
Modern Woman 928-9
Castagnary, Jules-Antoine 378,
402, 405, 410-13, 530; on
classicism 411-13; on the first
Impressionist exhibition 572-3;
on the Ideal 411; on Manet
511-12; on naturalism 410,412,
413-15; on painting 411; on
Romanticism 412-13; on the
Salon des Refusés 511-12;
texts 410-15, 572-3
Catholic church 81, 162, 382, 862,
882, 1054
Catlin, George 14, 134-6;
Baudelaire on 261; text 134-6
Caze, Robert 958
Celentano, Bernardo 539
Cervantes 29, 382, 730
Cézanne, Paul 88, 396, 534, 572,
573, 574, 590, 592, 601, 877, 878,
879, 932, 967, 972, 994-5, 1010;
Bathers 596, 597; Bernard on
985-7; GefTroy on 987-91; on
harmony of art with nature 991,
992; letters 548-50, 991-2;
Maison du Pendu 573, 574; on
modelling 550; Modern Olympia
573, 575; and Pissarro 974—5; on
plein-air painting 549; Rivière
on 596-7; technical radicalism
1086 Index
991; Temptation of St Anthony
985, 987; Zola on 550-1, 989;
texts 548-50, 991-2
Champfleury 364, 370, 491, 535;
on Burial at Omans 366-70; on
Realism 372; text 366-70
Charcot, Jean-Marie 804
Chardin, Jean-Baptiste-Siméon
383, 552
Charivari 573
Chasseriau, Théodore 319
Chaucer, Geoffrey 441
Chemyshevsky, Nikolai Gavrilovich;
on imagination 389-90, 391-2;
on materialist aesthetics 388-94;
on science 393; text 388-94
Chesneau, Ernest 515
Chevreul, Eugène 225, 621, 953,
969, 971, 994; on colour
238—49; on history painting 246,
247; on imitation in colour 237,
239; on interiors 247; on
portraiture 245; text 238-49
chiaroscuro 36, 108, 133, 690, 851;
Blanc on 618,619,623;
Chevreul on 240, 244;
Constable on 128; Selvatico on
454; Turner on 108,112-13
Chinese art 99, 133, 418, 619,
1031
Chintreuil, Antoine 578, 1008
Christianity 33, 41, 45, 46, 48, 60,
68, 145, 317, 381, 424, 452, 746,
784, 814, 896; Bürger on 382,
384; Feuerbach on 167-70;
Kierkegaard on 272, 304-5;
New Christianity 38, 77, 80
Cicero 128
Cimabue 193, 211, 427, 451, 453,
809, 811, 996
Cipriani, Giovanni Battista 130;
the City 163-6, 414; see also the
crowd; Paris; urban mass;
urbanization
civilization 502; Catlin on 135;
Cole on 190-2; LeBon on
812-14
Clarétie, Jules 515—16
Clark, T.J. 312,514
classicism 13, 23, 30, 37, 45, 46,
75, 183, 311, 529, 532, 557-8,
601, 614, 645, 880, 925, 926, 927;
Castagnary on 411-13;
Delacroix on 84; Goethe on 77;
Hegel on 66-7, 69; Kierkegaard
on 288-92; see also Neo-
Classicism
Claude glasses 676
Claude Lorraine 55, 117, 118, 119,
129, 132, 205, 676; Hazlitt on
116, Il Mulino 209; Ruskin on
201, 204, 209; Seaport 201
Clément, Charles 514
Clésinger, Jean-Baptiste Auguste
182
Cloisonnism 879, 985, 1022;
Dujardin on 1018-19
Clouet, Jean 993
Cogniet, Léon 139, 180, 360
Cole, Thomas: on American scenery
136-8; plan for The Course of
Empire 190-2; texts 136-8,
190-2
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 92, 163,
185
Collins, Charles Allston 440, 441;
Ruskin on 442-3, 445
collodion process 655, 658
colonialism 11; ree afte imperialism
colour (Section VIB passim) 108,
146, 532, 579, 588, 615, 618-25,
625-32, 640-4, 878, 953;
achromatism 621; aesthetics of
956-8; anti-naturalist use of
1025; as imaginative stimulus
1016; Baudelaire on 259-62;
Blanc on 618-25; in Cézanne
987; Chevreul on 238-49;
classification and nomenclature
235, 236-7; colour sensations 629;
colour vision 625—32; coloured
light, mixing 641—4;
complementary colour 620-1,
957—8; Constable on 980;
contrast, simultaneous 241-9,
244, 621; contrasts of 113, 566,
621, 958; Degas on 566;
degeneracy theory and 802-3;
Delacroix on 84-6, 622, 979,
980, 981, 984; Dujardin on
1019; Duranty on 579-80;
empirical research 878, 953-8;
expressiveness of 531, 618-19,
946, 978, 992; Field on 234-8;
Gauguin on 992-8, 1024,
1037-9; Goethe on 621;
harmony 235-7, 239-40, 244,
245, 248-9, 261, 543, 1021;
Henry on 956-8; hues 236,
628, 640; Humbert de Superville
on 226—8; Imbriani on 544-5;
impressionist use of 534,
579-80, 930-1, 936, 937, 959-60,
965, 967, 968, 984; Ingres on
184; Kahn on 1011-12; Maxwell
on 625-32; Neo-Impressionist
use of 978-82, 984; optical
mixture 238, 534, 622—3;
physical causes 237-8;
pigments, mixing 643—4;
Pissarro on 971-5; polychromy
1011-14; Pre-Raphaelite use of
647; rhythms of 958; Rood on
640-4, 953, 957; Ruskin on 604,
605-6, 642-3; shades 236, 628,
629; Signac on 979-82;
spectrum 628, 630, 631; tints
236, 628, 978n; tones and tonal
values 231-2, 260, 558-9, 582,
594, 978n; transparency and
opacity 236, 237; Turner on
107-14; Van Gogh on 896-7,
942, 944, 946, 947-8, 952; Zola
on 559; see also light
commodity 170, 171, 178;
Emerson, Ralph Waldo on 277;
fetishism of commodities
349-51, 932; Marx on 349-51;
Vehlen on 821-7
Commune (Paris) 530, 571; see
also revolution of 1871
communism 177, 791, 795; see also
democracy; socialism
Communist Manifesto 177-9
composition 50, 51, 196, 313, 560;
Mallarmé on 588; Millet on
374
Comte, Auguste 37, 145, 830; on
positivism 145, 151-5
conservatism 145, 183—5, 216-20,
313-14, 683-4; Baudelaire on
300, 302-4; Shaw's attack on
806-12
Constable, John 4, 13, 26, 114,
311, 1008; on colour 980; on
David 130; on Gainsborough
130-1; The Hay Wain 13,117,
120; on landscape 117-20,
127-34; letters 117-20; on
Murillo 131; on nature 1 128;
on Salon of 1824 120; Stendhal
on 35; on Turner 107; on
Vernet 130, 132; texts 117-20,
127-34
Constant, Benjamin 899, 900
Cooper, James Fennimore 190,
269, 286
Copley, John Singleton 286
Corneille 96
Cornelius, Peter 725
Corot, Camille 147, 235, 529, 776,
852, 890, 931, 941, 961, 974, 975,
976, 977, 986, 987, 1021,= 1034;
Duranty on 578; on feeling
535; on landscape 535; Signac
on 976; on tonal values 231-2;
working process 231-2; Zola on
559; texts 231-2, 535
Correggio 44, 211, 618, 980, 1058;
Hazlitt on 115; Notte 109,
111; Selvatico on 454—5; Thoré
on 458; Turner on 109, 110,
111, 113
Correspondences (Baudelaire) 484-5,
487, 632, 878, 1025, 1027
Cortona, Pietro de 129
Cottin, Mme de 276
Courbet, Gustave 312, 315, 359,
405, 410, 455, 456, 519, 522, 554,
577, 578, 585, 614, 698, 796, 797,
852, 880, 890, 892, 895, 899, 987;
After Dinner at Omans 364, 366;
Bathers 360; Burial at Omans
315, 361, 364, 365-70; Delacroix
on 359, 360, 361; Grain Sifters
372; on history painting 403; on
imagination 404; Ingres on
532; letters 370-2, 402-4; on
naturalism 402-4; on the
practice of art 402-4; Proudhon
on 407-8; on Realism 313,
372, 402-4; Return from the Fair
407-8; Spinner Asleep 360; The
Painter's Studio 361, 370-2; The
Stonebreakers 364—5, 491; Two
Wrestlers 360; Young Ladies of
the Village 372, 578; Zola
on 559, 563; texts 370-2,
402-4
Cousin, Victor 321; on expression
194, 196; on fine art 195; on
Greek art 192; on the Ideal
411; on the independence of
art 192-6; on Italian art 193;
on sculpture 195; on sensation
194-5;text 192-6
Index 1087
Couture, Thomas 180, 531, 556,
586, 928; on colour 615-17; on
drawing 615; on painting
615-18; on Rubens 618; text
614-18
Cozens, Alexander 131
craft(s) 63, 144, 750, 751, 821; art
differentiated from 1020-1;
women and 769-70
creativity 696-7, 880, 922, 925;
Kramskoy on 523
Crébillon, Prosper Jollyot de 96
Crissé, Turpin de 35
critical method 485-9
critics: Vernet on 82-3; women
critics 155; Zola on 564
Croce, Benedetto 69-70, 686
Cross, Henri Edmond 974, 983
crowd: Baudelaire on the 812;
Engels on the 280, 294-6, 812;
fear of the 812; LeBon on the
812-14; Poe on the 280-3, 812;
Zola on the 563, 564
Cucinotta, Saro 541
cultural criticism 681-2, 684,
736-827
culture: Arnold on 462-7; as a
study of perfection 464, 465;
Burckhardt on 736-40; and
plutocracy .320-3
Cuyp, Albert 659, 949
Dagnan-Bouveret, Pascal-Adolphe-
Jean 967, 1056
Daguerre, Louis-Jacques-Maiide
249, 255-7, 667
daguerreotype 255-7, 322, 332,
416, 492, 654, 668, 677
Dalou, Aimé-Jules 902
dance 71, 74, 471; Wagner on
475
dandyism 493, 498-501; see also
flânerie
Dante 26, 28, 29, 46, 48, 199, 218,
267, 362, 363, 427, 455, 525, 540,
774, 921
Darwin, Charles 313, 732, 778,
1045; on aesthetic factors in
sexual selection 351-5; on
genius 352-3; text 351-5
Darwinism 732, 798
Daubigny, Charles-François 1008
Daumier, Honoré 312, 327, 852,
896, 900, 901, 902, 987, 1011,
1030
David, Jacques-Louis 13, 30, 86,
88, 120, 130, 147, 166, 183, 213,
318, 384, 412, 455, 456, 576, 848,
1008; Baudelaire on 497;
Constable on 130; Delacroix on
86, 88; Géricault on 24; Heine
on 167; Stendhal on 31, 32,
34, 36, 37
David d'Angers, Pierre Jean 180
Davy, Sir Humphry 250,251, 254
de Superville see Humbert de
Superville
decadence/Decadents 302, 817,
821, 857, 923, 924, 1014, 1065;
Diaghilev on 925-7
Decamps, Alexandre 81, 157, 385,
417, 563
decoration 65, 751, 810
decorative arts 750-8, 759, 761,
1011; women and 770 2; see also
applied arts
Degas, Edgar 183, 530, 570, 575,
576, 590, 592, 602, 777, 847, 877,
890, 941, 963, 967, 974, 975, 992,
993, 1011, 1030, 1032, 1033;
Adam on 959, 961; on colour
566; Duranty on 581, 590; on
expression 565, 566; Fénéon on
963-4; on the graphic arts 598;
Huysmans on 891—2, 893-5;
letter to Pissarro 598-9; letter to
Tissot 571-2; Mallarmé on
590; on modernity 565, 567;
notebooks 565—9; on portraiture
566, 567; on printmaking 59.8—9;
Redon on 852; Rivière on
595-6; and the Society of
Independent Artists 570, 571-2;
texts 565-8, 571-2, 598-9
degeneracy and degenerate art; and
colour theory 802-4; de
Gobineau on 336-8; Nordau on
798-806
Delacroix, Eugène 13, 14, 36, 117,
147, 157, 179, 238, 312, 319, 455,
469, 490, 563, 564, 601, 618, 776,
848, 850, 856, 890, 901, 946, 965,
967, 977, 987, 992, 993, 994, 997,
1003, 1010, 1021, 1030, 1055;
Arab Actors and Clowns 182; on
artistic truth 362; Baudelaire on
147, 261, 327; Blanc on 621,
622, 623, 624; Bürger on 384-5;
on classicism 84; on colour
621, 622, 979, 980, 981, 984; on
Courbet 372; on David 86, 88;
on genius 28; Heine on 81-2;
on Homer 362; on Hugo
327-8; on imagination 28,
359-60, 362; Jewish Wedding in
Morocco 85-6, 182, 624; letters
84-8; Liberty Leading the People
13, 81-2, 143, 166, 181; Massacre
at Chios 13, 26, 29, 30, 31, 34,
181, 384, 624; on mechanization
328-9; on Meissonier 360; on
Millet 361; on modernity
326-31; on photography 359-60,
361-2; on poetry 362—3; on
Realism and Naturalism 359-64;
on Romanticism 26-30; Signac
on 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, 983,
984; Stendhal on 31, 34; Thoré
on 181-2, 386; Vernet on
81-2; Women of Algiers 157, 384;
texts 26-30, 84-8, 326-31,
359-64
Delaroche, Paul 30, 34, 36, 81,
146, 156, 157, 373, 614, 1058;
The Execution of Lady Jane
Gray 156, 157
Delavigne, Casimir 156
Deisarte, François 565, 566
Demeney,'Paul 568
democracy 4, 136, 268, 284, 367,
378, 500, 932, 10; see also
communism; socialism
Denis, Maurice 685, 1020, 1054;
on neo-traditionism 862-9
Descartes, René 153, 265, 409
design 267, 750, 821; Ruskin on
348, 604; see also decoration;
ornament
Desnoyers, Fernand 510-11
Diaghilev, Sergei 923, 924; on
decadence 925-7
Diaz de la Pena, Virgilio 180, 182
Dickens, Charles 434-8, 530, 614;
on the Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood 435-8
Diderot, Denis 383, 456-7, 580-1,
729
Dill, Ludwig 911
Dilthey, Wilhelm 70, 683, 711,
724-30; on aesthetics 724—30;
on music 726, 727; on style
727, 729; text 724-30
discrimination see taste
divisionism 795, 878, 969, 1014,
1022; Pissarro on 970-1, 972,
973, 975; Seurat on 969-70,
983; Signac on 972, 980, 982-3;
see also Neo-Impressionism;
pointillism
Dobrolyubov, Nikolai Alexandrovich
394-6
Domenichino 44, 109, 451; Turner
on 109, 113
Donatello 725, 729
d'Orléans, Princess Marie 781
Dou, Gerard 949
drama 472-3, 474,475, 794-5
drawing 108; Couture on 615;
Duranty on 580-1; Eakins on
648; Klinger on 1050, 1053-4;
Kramskoy on 525; Ruskin on
605-6
Drawing Association 266
dreams/dreaming 73, 592, 668,
741
Dresden Uprising 323, 471
Du Camp, Maxime 510
Du Pays, A. J. 514
Dubois-Pillet, Albert 965, 969,
971
Dujardin, Edouard 1003; on
Cloisonoism 1018—19; on colour
1019
Dumas, Alexandre 927
Dunlap, William: on artistic
independence 266-9; on fine art,
267; text 266-9
Durand-Ruel 570, 577, 578, 579,
586, 817, 855, 876, 959, 970, 976,
1035, 1056; letter from Picasso
970-1; letters from Renoir
600-3
Duranty, Edmond 530; on Degas
581; on drawing 580—1 ; on
Fantin-Latour 578-9; on the
human figure 581; on Ingres
578; on interiors 582; on
landscape 583; on Manet 579;
on Millet 578; on physiognomy
55, 246; text 575-84
Dürer, Albrecht 125, 129, 443,
489, 698, 726, 848, 849, 853, 877,
903, 1008, 1051-2, 1064, 1065
Dutch art 20, 23, 43, 112, 117,
126, 129, 165, 207, 408, 420, 579,
582, 849, 860, 901, 902, 944, 949
1088 Index
Dyck, Antony van (Vandyke) 189,
517, 616, 618, 854; Chevreul on
246; Hazlitt on 115,116
Eakins, Thomas 419-21, 532; on
drawing 648; The Gross Clinic
25, 318, 419; on originality
419-21; on teaching art 647-51;
texts 419-21, 647-51
Eastlake, Lady Elizabeth 655-62
Eastlake, Sir Charles 652, 655
Eckermann, Johann Peter 621
eclecticism 157, 614; see also juste
milieu
Ecole des Beaux Arts 23, 26, 32,
180, 402, 412, 419, 455, 576, 580,
610, 614, 618, 765, 767, 862, 865
education 25, 769, 780, 843;
Couture on 614-18; Eakins on
647-51; Paillot de Montabert on
213-16; Poynter on 644—7;
Ruskin on 604-7
effect (Section IVA passim) 89, 95,
363, 536, 817
ego 296, 298, 398; see also
individualism
Egypt, ancient 133, 178, 193, 225,
230, 334, 354, 1001, 1007, 1021
Elgin marbles 54, 232, 234; see
also Parthenon
Eliot, George 168, 773, 774, 778
Elliott, Ebenezer 187
Emerson, Peter Henry 933; on
photography as a pictorial art
675-7; on the Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood 676
Emerson, Ralph Waldo 506; on
beauty 277-80; on individualism
277; on a new type of intellectual
162-3; texts 162-3, 277-80
emotion 186, 479-81, 815-21,
1006, 1008-9, 1029
empathy 682,686, 690,711, 717,
721
Engels, Friedrich 167, 296, 812;
on the bourgeoisie 177-9; on
consciousness 174, 175; on the
crowd 280, 294-6, 812; on
materialism 173-7; on Realism
763-5; texts 173-9, 294—6,
763-5
engraving 120, 127, 160, 257-9,
1050, 1051-2; photography and
254
Enlightenment 2, 5, 37, 114, 225
Epinal prints 560, 1018, 1019
Erasmus (of Rotterdam) 730
Etienne, Louis 511
Evelyn, John 217
evolutionary theory 313, 351-5; see
also Darwin, Charles
exhibitions, general 311,312,
468-70, 508, 532-3; French Salon
see Salons; Impressionist
exhibitions see Impressionism;
International and trade
exhibitions, World Fairs etc. see
Universal exhibitions; Royal
Academy (London) annual
exhibitions see Royal Academy
exhibitions, particular, by country.
Austria. Vienna Secession
exhibitions. 1989 (first): 917;
1902 (fourteenth): 1050; 1904
(Hodler): 1060. Belgium. Les
XX, Brussels 1886: 967, 970;
1888: 1018. England. Grosvenor
Galleries London 1877
(Whistler): 833-7. France. Paris
1841 (Ingres): 468; Paris 1855
(Courbet): 361, 372, 379, 519;
Martinets, Paris 1862 (Millet):
375; Paris 1867 (Manet):
519-20; Paris 1885 (Manet): 1035;
Revue Indépendente office, Paris
1888 (Anquetin): 1018—19; Cafe
Volpini, Paris 1889 (Gauguin et
al.): 1022, 1039; Père Tanguy's,
Paris 1880s/1890s (Cézanne):
985, 986, 988; Durand-Ruel,
Paris 1891 (Monet): 1029, 1031;
Durand-Ruel, Paris 1893
(Gauguin): 1029, 1033; Paris
1894 (Symbolists, Impressionists,
Neo-Impressionists): 817-18;
Hotel Drouot, Paris 1895
(Gauguin): 1034-7; Vollard, Paris
1895 (Cézanne): 988; Durand-
Ruel, Paris 1899 (French modern
art): 976-7. Germany. Exhibition
by various artists, c.1830 (C. D.
Friedrich): 48—9; Stadel
Institute, Frankfurt 1840
(Overbeck): 196; Munich annual
exhibitions: 911; Munich 1891
(Von Marées): 702; Munich
1892: 911-13; Berlin 1892
(Munch): 1044, 1045-50. Italy.
First Promotrice exhibition,
Florence 1862: 536-8, 538—9,
540-1, 541; Fifth Promotrice
exhibition, Naples 1867: 541-5.
Russia. Wanderers: 522-3,
921-2. Spain. Third Fiesta
Modernista, Barcelona 1894:
920; Switzerland. Geneva 1891
(Hodler): 1060.
the exotic 14, 84-8, 380, 876
expression (Section VIB passim)
70-2, 185, 374, 547, 565, 805,
869, 876, 878, 879, 880, 992,
1060; Cousin on 194, 196;
Henry on 969; Humbert de
Superville on 225, 228-31;
Ingres on 183; physiognomic
565, 566
Eyck, Jan van 445, 1008
the Fall 145, 191
Fantin-Latour, Henri 578-9, 833
fashion 303, 493, 502-3, 613,
884-8
Fechner, Gustav Theodor 532; on
aesthetics 632-5, 682
feeling (Section I passim) 14, 42,
49, 101, 547, 608, 941; Corot on
535; Mill on 186, 189; Morisot
on 941; Zimmermann on 608
Felix, Eugen 915, 916n
Fénéon, Felix 958, 972, 1003,
1055; on Degas 963—4; on
Gauguin 964; on the
Impressionists 963-6; on
Morisot 964; on Neo-
Impressionism 966-9; on
Pissarro 966, 967; on Seurat
963, 965-6, 967-8; texts 963-9
Ferroni, Egisto 537-8
fetishism: of commodities 349-51,
932; Marx on 350
feudalism: Marx on 177, 178;
Vaughan on 164
Feuerbach, Anselm 725
Feuerbach, Ludwig Andreas 388,
405, 471; on Christianity
167-70; on idealism 168; on
materialism 168; on Realism
168; text 167—70
Fichte, Johann Gottlieb 169, 300,
804
Fiedler, Konrad 685, 706; on
aesthetics of artistic productivity
685; on Naturalism 698-702;
texts 694—702
Field, George 225; on colour
234-8; on light 237-8; text
234-8
Fiesole, Angelico de 193
Fiesole, Giovanni di 10Ò9
Filloneau, Ernest 515
fin-de-siècle 798-9, 800, 801, 926
Fisher, John 117
Flandrin, Hippolyte 319, 577
flânerie 491-3, 496-501; see also
dandyism
Flaubert, Gustave 774, 796, 890,
1015, 1056
Fontana, Lavinia 455
Forain, Jean 795, 967
form 386, 529, 685, 690, 708, 709,
710, 923, 1060-1; aesthetic
perception of 691-2;
architectural form 228-31, 711,
714, 723; Hildebrand on
706-10; Hodler on 1060, 1061;
Humbert de Superville on 711;
Kunstwollen (urge to form) 731,
732; in music 479, 482; tectonic
forms 711; Wölfflin on 711-14
formalism 690, 711
Foucault, Michel 146
Fourier, Charles 366
Fournel, Victor 491-3, 777
Fox Talbot, William Henry
249-55
Fra Angelico 193, 451, 809, 8,11,
864, 867, 924
Fragonard, Jean-Honoré 383
frames, picture 940, 982
Franck, César 1056
Franco-Prussian War 309, 570
frenzy 783—4
fresco 318-19
Fresnoy, Charles du 110, 111
Friedrich, Caspar David 12,
48-54, 101
Frith, Frances 662-6
Fromentin, Eugène 952
Fuseli, John Henry 92, 133, 440,
441, 443
G., Marie-Camille de 155-9, 378
Gaddi, Taddeo and Agnolo 212
Gainsborough, Thomas 130—1
Galeotti, Melchior, on the Purists
449-52
Index 1089
Galileo 57, 157
gardening 150, 195
Garland, Hamlin 930-2
Gasquet, Henri and Joachim
991-2
Gauguin, Paul 601, 602, 603, 862,
866, 876, 877, 878, 879, 948, 985,
987, 988, 1020, 1025, 1036; on
barbarism 1034, 1037; on
colour 992-8, 1024, 1037-9;
Fénéon on 964; Huysmans
on 891, 892-3; on
Impressionism 992, 993-4; on
Ingres 993, 994; Nude Study
891, 892-3; Pissarro on 974,
1030-1, 1032, 1033; Sérusier on
1020; on Turner 998; Vision
after the Sermon 1018, 1029;
texts 992-8, 1022-4, 1034-9
Gautier, Théophile 378, 685, 817,
1049; on 'art for art's sake'
95-100; on history painting
318-19; Mademoiselle de Maupin
14, 95-6; on Manet 516-17; on
the novel 97-8; on utilitarianism
98-9; texts 95-100, 315-20
Gavarni (Sulpice-Guillaume
Chevallier) 1030
Gay-Lussac, Joseph-Louis, report
on the daguerreotype 255-7
Geffrey, Gustave: on Cézanne
987-91; on Manet 889-91; texts
889-91, 987-91
genius (Section IA passim) 13, 14,
769, 77Ó, 879; Baudelaire on
462, 495-6; Darwin on 352-3;
Delacroix on 28; Géricault on
23, 26; Goethe on 76; Hazlitt
on 56; Hegel on 62-3; Heine
on 83; Schopenhauer on 14,
18-19; women and 777-8
Gentileschi, Artemisia 44
Geometric Style 731, 733
George, Stefan 871
Gérard, François 25
Gérard, Mlle 276
Géricault, Théodore 13, 26, 384;
on genius and academies 23-6;
The Raft of the Medusa 13, 23,
26; The Germ 426
Gérôme, Jean-Léon 414, 419, 455,
517, 571, 648, 847, 928, 952;
Phryne 455, 456, 457; Thoré on
456-7
Gervex, Henri 967
Gesamtkunstwerk 471-6
Ghirlandaio, Domenicho 809,811,
864
Gigoux, Jean-François 319
Giorgione 33, 42, 513, 864
Giotto 193, 212, 427, 441, 453,
454, 566, 809, 832, 986
Girodet de Roucy-Trioson, Anne-
Louis 25, 32, 34
Girtin, Thomas 131
glass, painting on and stained
252-3, 1014, 1018
Gleyre, Charles 546, 644
Gobelin tapestries 238
Gobineau, Joseph-Arthur, Comte de
812; on degeneracy 336-8; on
inequality of the human races
336-41; text 336-41
Goenette, Norbert 967
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 12,
83, 613, 621, 714, 724, 725, 726,
788, 811; on aethestics 12, 74—7;
on colour 621; on genius 76;
on nature and art 75, 77; on
originality 77; on Romanticism
and classicism 77; on Schiller
76; on symbol 76; text 74—7
Gogh, Théo van 103 letters to
896-902, 942-8
Gogh, Vincent van 877, 878, 879,
988; Aurier on 948-52; on
colour 896-7, 942,944,946,
947-8, 952; on the nude 902;
Portrait of an Artésienne 947;
Portrait of Dr Gachet 947-8;
Potato Eaters 896, 897, 898; on
Puvis de Chavannes 948; texts
896-902, 942-8
Gogol, Nikolai 357, 525
Göller, Adolf 721
Goltzius, Hendrick 129
Goncourt, Edmond and Jules de
415-19, 726, 778, 796, 889, 890,
1015; Germinie Laeerteux
418-19; on Greek art 417; on
Guys 416-17; on Realism
415-19; on truth 417; texts
415-19
Goodyear, W. G. 734
Gothic art and architecture 126,
132, 178, 721, 722, 723, 725,
1007, 1021; Ruskin on 347,
447-9 1
Gothic revival 159
Goujon, Jean 48
Gourmont, Rémy de 869-71
Goya, Francisco de 517, 518, 519
Goyeti, Jan van 108, 950
Granet, François-Marius 157
graphic arts: Degas on 598;
Klinger on 1050-4
Gray, Thomas 218, 220
Great Exhibition (1851) 310f 331,
336
Greek art 23, 31, 36, 60, 106, 120,
134, 135, 163, 165, 321, 342, 354,
359, 386, 408, 420-1, 450, 457,
568, 596, 646, 677, 709, 893, 902,
926, 1007; Chevreul on 244;
Cousin on 193; Delacroix on
87-8; Eakins on 648-9;
Emerson, Peter Henry on 87-8;
Goncourt brothers on 417;
Haydon on 233, 234; Hegel on
60, 68; Humbert de Superville on
229; Ingres on 184; Marées on
705; Marx on 343; Nietzsche on
740—5; Zola on 557; see also
ancients/antiquity
Greek culture and society 60, 68,
165, 184, 193, 215, 268, 277, 289,
611, 740-5
Greenberg, Clement 199
Greenough, Horatio 285-8
Greuze, Jean-Baptiste 383, 618
Gros, Antoine-Jean 25, 85, 318
the grotesque 13, 45-8, 510, 515,
517, 518
Groux, Charles de 898, 944
Guérin, Pierre-Narcisse 25, 26,
318
Guichard, Joseph 319
Guillaumin, Alexandre-Marie 948,
986; Adam on 960-1
Guys, Constantin: Baudelaire on
493, 494-5, 496, 498, 500, 501,
503, 505-6; Goncourt brothers on
416-17
Hals, Franz 950, 1008, 1010, 1011
Hamerton, P. G. 513
handicrafts see craft(s)
Hanslick, Eduard 479-83
Harkness, Margaret 763
harmony 235, 375, 483, 879,
969-70, 992, 1061; see also under
colour
Haussmann, Baron 309, 310
Hawes, Josiah Johnson 672, 673
Haydon, Benjamin Robert: on
anatomical study 232-4; on
Greek art 233, 234; text 232-4
Hazlitt, William: on genius 56; on
the Ideal 114—17; on originality
54-7; on the picturesque and the
ideal 114—17; on Rubens 115,
116; texts 54-7,114-17
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm 12, 167,
196, 304, 356, 388, 452, 632, 633,
681, 682, 686, 688, 724, 804, 830,
869; on aesthetics 12, 57-69; on
classicism 66-7, 69; Feuerbach
on 168-9; on genius 62-3; on
Greek art 68; on the ideal
65-6, 69; Marx on 173-6; on
Romanticism 67-8, 69; on the
symbolic 686, 688; text 57-69
Heine, Heinrich 80, 486-7; on
David 167; on Delacroix 81-2;
on the Salon of 1831 80-4; on
Salon of 1843 166-7; texts
80-4, 166-7
Helmholtz, Hermann von 532,
643, 675, 676, 682, 706, 953; on
optics and painting 636-40
Henry, Charles 864, 994, 1012,
1017, 1032; on colour 956-8;
linear direction theory 953, 954,
955-6; scientific aesthetic 953—8;
theory of expression 969; text
953-8
Heraldic Style 734
Herbart, Johann Friedrich 607,
682, 690, 693
Herder, Johann Gottfried 683
Herkomer, Sir Hubert von 902
heroism of modern life 147, 302-4
Herzen, Alexander 388
Hess, Enrico 453
Hess, Moses 294
Heyden, Jan van der 950
Hildebrand, Adolf 682, 685, 694;
on form 706-10; on impression
708-9; on positivism 710
history painting 23, 139, 147, 267,
315, 471, 474, 532; Chevreul on
246, 247; Courbet on 403;
Gautier on 318-19; Mill on 189;
Ruskin on 208; Selvatico on
138-9
Hobbema, Meindert 119, 659, 950
1090 Index
Hobsbawm, Eric 143, 875
Hodler, Ferdinand 1055; on form
1060, 1061; on parallelism 1060,
1062-4;text 1060-4
Hoecker, Paul 911
Hoflmann, E. T. A. 222, 261
Hofmannstahl, Hugo von 871-2,
916
Hogarth, William 56, 435, 437,
614, 634
Hokusai, Katsushika 946
Holbein, Hans 42,986,993
Holmes, Oliver Wendell 668-72
Homer 34, 37, 47, 184, 193, 266,
267, 279, 289, 290, 292, 578;
Delacroix on 362
Homer, Winslow, on plein-air
painting 599-600
Hooch, Peter de 950
Hoppner, John 56
Horace 362,407
Hudson River School 136
Hugo, Victor 95, 156, 366, 378,
386, 597, 791, 830, 877, 985;
Delacroix on 327-8; on the
grotesque 13, 45-8; texts 45-8,
882-3
Hugues, Madame Clovis 781
Humbert de Superville 234, 953;
on colour 226-8; on expression
225, 228-31; on form 711; on
Greek art 229; on sculpture
228-9; on the separation of
architecture, sculpture and
painting 228-31; text 225-31
Hunt, William Holman 426, 440,
441, 810, 811; Ruskin on 443,
444, 445; Valentine Defending
Sylvia 443, 444, 446; Valentine
Receiving Proteus 441
Hutcheson, Frances 634
Huysmans, Joris-Karl 869, 958,
1055, 1066; on Degas 891-2,
893-5; on Gauguin 891, 892-3;
on Moreau 999-1003; on the
nude 891, 892-5; texts 891-5,
999-1003
Ibels, H. G. 862
Ibsen, Henrik 800, 807, 808, 811,
903, 907
idea/Idea 816; abstract 291-2;
Aurier on 951, 1025, 1026,
1028; Hegel on 65-6; Kahn on
1017; Platonic Idea 19,21;
Purists and the 453; ruling
ideas, Marx and Engels on
176—7; Schopenhauer on 15, 16,
17, 18-20, 21-2
Ideal 120, 357, 388, 450, 453, 553,
703, 880, 1056; Castagnary on
411; Cousin on 194; Feuerbach
on 168; Hazlitt on 114-17;
Hegel on 65-6, 69; Proudhon
on 408-9; Purists and the 453;
Taine on 613-14; Thoré on
457-8
idealism 4, 12, 173, 174, 388, 409,
410, 449, 608, 690, 694, 763, 879,
880, 907, 948; and materialism
174-6
idealizing 650, 698, 784
imagination 59, 351, 686-7, 709,
831, 880, 992; Baudelaire on
489-91; Chernyshevsky on
389-90, 391-2; Courbet on 404;
Delacroix on 28, 359-60, 362;
Schopenhauer on 18
Imbriani, Vittorio, on the macchia
541-5
imitation 12, 45, 56, 101, 185, 239,
685, 694, 695, 696, 699, 805;
Bürger on 387; Carus on
105-6; Chevreul on 239,247;
Greenough on 288; Quatremère
de Quincy on 120-5; Ruskin on
200-2; see also mimesis
imperialism 875-6; see also
colonialism
impression (Section IVA passim)
374, 378, 396-9, 535-603, 586,
604-7, 645-7v 876; Hildebrand
on 708-9; Pater on 829;
Signorini and Rigutini on 536
Impressionism 6, 396, 520, 530-1,
532, 534, 570-1, 572-600, 802,
807, 817, 818, 849, 866, 876, 878,
941, 976, 1035; Adam on
958-62; colour, use of 534,
579-80, 618, 930-1, 936, 937,
959-60, 965, 967, 968, 984; early
responses to 572—6; Fénéon on
963-6; Garland on 930-2;
Gauguin on 992, 993-4;
Laforgue on 936-41; luminisi
tendency 967; Mallarmé on
584-92; and Naturalism 576;
and Realism 576; Signac on
976, 983, 984; term first used
572, 573
Impressionist exhibitions, Paris,
general: 570, 967. First (1874):
520, 531, 532, 571, 572-3, 573-5,
600, 959, 988. Second (1876):
576-84. Third (1877): 592-8,
600, 988. Fifth (1880): 601, 685,
847, 851-2. Sixth (1881) 891-3.
Seventh (1882): 601, 602-3.
Eighth (1886): 847, 893-5,
959-62, 963-6, 970.
Impressionist exhibition, Berlin,
1883: 937, 938
individualism 2, 14, 93, 146-7,
271, 372, 374, 668, 877, 923,
924—5; Allston on 93; Arnold
on 463; Bürger on 381;
Emerson, Ralph Waldo on 277;
Kierkegaard on 146, 272-4,
304-5; Marx on 341-3;
Przybyszewski on 1045-6, 1049;
Stirner on 146, 296-300; Wilde
on 791-4, 795
industry/industrialization 4,
39-40, 143, 145, 177, 310-11,
335, 53 see also manufacture and
commerce; mass production
Ingres, Jean Auguste Dominique
13, 36, 120, 147, 156, 157, 320,
386, 412, 455, 532, 577, 847, 992,
1030; Antiochus and Stratonice
468; Baudelaire on 498; on
beauty 184; on colour 184;
Duranty on 578; on expression
183; Gauguin on 993, 994;
Grande Odalisque 470; on Greek
art 184; La Source • 417;
Martyrdom of St Symphorian 156,
157, 470; notebooks 183-5; on
novelty 184-5; on patronage
470-1; Redon on 847, 848-9; on
the Salon 468-70; Stendhal on
36; The Vom of Louis XIII 36,
183; texts 183-5, 468-71
intellectualism, hostility to 683, '
787-91
interiors: Chevreul on 247;
Duranty on 582; Mallarmé on
587
Intransigents 849; see also
Impressionism
intuition 68, 855, 879, 880
Irregulars, Society of 855, 858
Isabey, Jean-Baptiste 522
Israels, Jozef 901
Ivanov, Alexander 525
Izambard, George 568
Jacotot, Madame 276
Jacque, Charles-Emile 521, 522,
898
Jahyer, Félix 515
Jameson, Anna 422-6; on myth/
mythology 422-6; on religious
art 422—6; on sensuous detail
422-5; texts 41-5,422-6
Jankovitz, Victor de 518
Japanese art 417-18, 560, 580,
588, 876, 891, 964, 1018, 1019,
1031
Jongkind, Johan Barthold 578, 890
judgement see under aesthetics
Jugendstil 878; see also Art
Nouveau
juste milieu 147, 192, 312, 614; see
also eclecticism
Kahn, Gustave 958, 973; on the
aesthetic of polychrome glass
1011-14; on vocabulary and
rhythm in poetry . 1016-17;
texts 1011-14, 1016-17
Kalckkreuth, Gustav Leopold von
911
Kandinsky, Wassily 685
Kant, Immanuel 57, 58, 169, 409,
608, 632, 633, 681, 804, 869, 871
Kaufiman, Angelica 130, 772, 775
Kaulbach, Wilhelm von 542
Keller, Gottfried 725
Kepler, Johannes 266
Kierkegaard, Soren: on distinction
between poetry and visual art
289, 292-4; on individualism
146, 304-5; on poetry 289,
292-4; on sculpture 291-2; on
self-knowledge 271-5; on
subject matter 289-92; texts
271-5, 288-94, 304-5
Klee, Paul 685
Klimt, Gustav 914
Klinger, Max 818, 1050-4
König, Hugo 911
Köninck, Philips 110
Krafft-Ebing, Richard, Freiherr von
807
Kramskoy, Ivan: on Academicism
Index 1091
524-5; on artistic independence
523; on national art 523; text
522-5
Kuehl, Gotthard 911
Kulturkritik see cultural criticism
La Bruyère, Jean de 492, 504
La Fontaine, Jean de 383
labour 4, 171, 172-3, 328-9, 335,
341, 349-51, 458-62, 751-2, 763;
alienated labour 170, 171
Lafayette, Mme de 276
Laforgue, Jules 1003, 1011; on
Impressionism 936—41; on plein-air
painting 94-100, 937, 938;
text 936-41
Lagrange, Léon 515
Lairess(e), Gerard de 140
Lambert, George 643
Lamennais, Félicité Robert
de 221, 223
landscape 4, 12, 63-4, 221, 315,
531, 561, 576, 689; American
scenery 134-6, 136—8, 190;
Carus on 12, 101—7; Catlin on
134-6; Cole on 136-8; colour in
235; Constable on 117-120,
127-34; Corot on 231, 535;
Duranty on 580, 583; Friedrich
on 49, 52-3; Palmer on 125-7;
photography and 253-4, 658-9;
Reynolds on 207; Ruskin on
205, 206-11; Selvatico on
138-40; Wagner on 473-4,
476n; Wordsworth on 216—20;
Zola on 561
Langbehn, Julius 682, 903;
critique of science 683-4,
787-9; on Rembrandt 787,
789-90; text -787-91
Langhammer, Albert 911
language 55, 363, 377, 482, 688,
815, 819, 831, 1004
Laure, Jules 158
Lavater, Johann Caspar 565, 566
Lawrence, Sir Thomas 119, 131
Le Bail, Louis 975
Le Sueur, Eustache 130
Le Sueur, Hubert 130
LeBon, Gustave 812-14
Lebrun, Charles 383, 565
Lecomte, Georges 1031
Lefèvre, Jules 892, 902
Lega, Silvestro 536, 537, 539
Legouvé, Ernest 777
Legros, Alphonse 571, 572, 644;
Duranty on 577, 578
Lehmann, Henri 319
Leibi, Wilhelm 852
leisure classes 821
Lemaire, Madeleine 779
LeNain brothers 383
Leonardo da Vinci 288, 348, 489,
725, 726, 849, 853, 864, 869, 921,
1003, 1010, 1011, 1014, 1057,
1058, 1064
Leroux, Pierre 223
Leroy, Louis 509, 531, 572; on the
first Impressionist exhibition
573-4
Leslie, C.R. 129, 286
lesser arts 683, 750-8, 821; see also
applied art; decorative arts;
design; ornament
Lessing, Gotthöld Ephraim 195,
289, 705, 724, 726, 804, 831,
1052; Laokoon 195, 292, 705,
831
Lewis, John 445
Lhermitte, Léon Augustin 898,
900, 901, 902
light 13, 118, 531, 532, 580, 653;
Blanc on 619-23; coloured light,
mixing 641—4; Field on 237-8;
Imbriani on 544; Maxwell on
626-8; reflected 606, 620;
Ruskin on 606; white light 626;
see also plein-air painting
line 936, 937, 953, 954, 955-6,
1019
Linnell, John 125
literature 97-8, 362, 382-3, 394-6,
418-19, 450, 530; Gautier on
97-8; legendary 423-4; Russian
356-9; social change and 530;
Symbolist 1015-16
lithography 139-40, 598-9
Littré, Emile: on experience 396,
399-400; on psychophysiology
396-402; on relativity 203-4; on
sensation 396; text 396-402
Lockroy, Edouard 511
Lomazzo, Giovanni Paulo 108
Lombroso, Cesare 778, 802, 804,
807
Lorraine, Claude see Claude
Lorraine
Lotze, Hermann 711, 712, 713
Louvre 166, 179, 180, 321, 493,
561, 565, 768, 775, 891, 893
Lucas, David 127
Lucatelli (Locateli:), Andrea
129-30
Luce, Maximilien 983, 1031
Ludwig, Otto 726
Lugo, Emil 853
Lukics, Georg 763
luminosity 637-8, 639, 640, 971,
977, 982
macchia 536, 540; Imbriani on
541-5
Macchiaioli 536-41
machine-made goods 825-6, 827
Mackensen, Fritz 903, 904, 906,
907
MacMonnies, Mary 928
Maffei, Guido von 911
Maillol, Aristide 862
Mallarmé, Stéphane 530, 531, 817,
838, 869, 878, 1003, 1011; on
aesthetics 591—2; on
composition 588; on the
Impressionists 584—92; on
interiors 587; on Manet
584-92; on Manet's Olympia
586; on Monet 589; on Morisot
590; on Pissarro 589; on plein-air
painting 585, 587-8, 589; on
Sisley 589; on Zola 585; text
585-92
The Man of the Crowd (Poe)
280-3,495
Manet, Edouard 2, 300, 312, 314,
366, 493, 509, 530, 531, 554, 614,
618, 776, 777, 803, 808, 818, 833,
877, 941, 963, 967, 976, 987, 993,
1010, 1021, 1035, 1036, 1055;
Castagnary on 511-12; Déjeuner
sur l'herbe 509, 513, 561-2;
Duranty on 579; Ecce Homo
514; Gautier on 516-17; Geflroy
on 889-91; on holding a private
exhibition 519-20; Mallarmé on
584-92; Olympia 314, 514-19,
562-3, 586; in the Salon des
Refusés 510-13; and the Society
of Independent Artists 571;
Thoré on 512-13, 517; various
critics on 510-13, 514—19; Zola
on 550, 554-65; text 519-20
Mantegna, Andrea 1003, 1008
Mantz, Paul 946
manufacture and commerce 144,
345, 759, 762; see also industry/
industrialization; mass production
Manzoni, Alessandro 213, 454
Marées, Hans von 685, 694; letters
to Fiedler 702-6; on productive
activity of the artist 702
Marlowe, Christopher 725, 729
Martin, Hector 181
Martin, Henri 1056
Martineau, Harriet 152
Martini, Simone 212
Marx, Karl 78, 80, 145, 148, 167,
312-13, 323, 750; on alienation
170-3; on art 341, 342-3; on the
bourgeoisie 177-9;' on
commodity 349-51; on
consciousness 174, 175; on
fetishism 350; on feudalism
177, 178; on Greek art 343;
Heine and 80; on historical
materialism 173-7; on
individualism 341-3; on
material production 341-2; on
myth/mythology 343; on
possibilities for an equitable
society 343-5; texts 170-9,
341-5 349—51
Masaccio 658, 725, 729,809
mass production 159, 755-6; see
also industry/industrialization;
manufacture and commerce
materialism 4, 77-8, 401, 717, 787;
artistic materialism 732;
Feuerbach on 168; historical
materialism 173-7, 343-5;
hostility to 683, 787-91, 878,
1040; and idealism 174-6; Marx
and Engels on 173-7, 341;
materialist aesthetics 388, 391,
394; Munch on 1040, 1043;
philosophical materialism 78
mathematical regularities 692-3
Matisse, Henri 300, 878, 932
Maxwell, James Clerk 640, 642,
969, 971; on colour vision
625—32; on light 626-8; on
sensation 625-6, 630; text
625-32
mechanization: Carlyle on 263-6;
Delacroix on 328-9; Ruskin on
345-7; Wilde on 792-3
Meissonier, Ernest 180, 182, 414,
1092 Index
796-7, 952, 1058; Barricade 360,
796-7; Boudin on 522;
Delacroix on 360
Memling, Hans 445, 962
Mengs, Anton Raphael 130, 450
Meunier, Constantin 795, 798
Michelangelo 26, 28, 29, 34,47,
49, 51, 99, 109, 110, 124, 129,
199, 211, 249, 265, 318, 361, 386,
387, 454, 455, 488, 536, 543, 544,
597, 672, 727, 777, 848, 849, 866,
869, 901, 993, 1058
Middle Ages 60, 159, 177, 197-8,
345, 387, 422, 423, 497, 507, 611,
740, 742, 763, 857, 866
middle class 4, 11, 144, 216, 530;
see also bourgeoisie
Milizia, Francesco 138
Mill, James 185
Mill, John Stuart; on eloquence
187-8; on history painting 189;
on poetry 185—8; cm Rubens
189; text 185-90
Millais, John Everett 426, 435,
438-40, 441, 810; Before the
Flood 438-40; Christ in the
House of His Parents 435, 436;
Mariana 441, 443, 446; Return
of the Dove to the Ark 441, 443,
444-5, 446; Ruslcin on 442, 443,
444-5; Wives of the Sons of Noah
375-6, 443; Woodman's Daughter
441; text 438-40
Miller, William 257
Millet, Jean-François 410, 522,
798, 847, 852, 8%, 898, 899, 900,
901, 902, 927, 943; comments on
'rules of art' 374-5; on
composition 374; Delacroix on
361; Duranty on 578; letters
373-8; Peasants gathering Wood
373; Redon on 847, 849; Sheep
which have just been Shorn 375;
Signac on 7%; on truth in
painting 373-8; Woman Feeding
her Children 375-6; Woman
Returning from the Well 375; text
373-8
Milton, John 46, 47, 126, 133,
137, 267, 664
mimesis 74, 529, 694; Balzac on
88, 90; Carus on 103; see also
imitation
Minardi, Tommaso 211, 213, 453,
455
miniature painting 276-7
Modern Painters (Ruskin) 199-211
modernism (Section VIA passim) 2,
3,4, 14,37,310,311,312,314,
532, 717, 876, 877, 880-1, 889,
932, 1025; Aurier on 1025;
Balzac on 88
modernista (Barcelona) 920
modernity (Part III passim) 2, 3, 4,
144-5, 146, 378-9, 380-1, 530,
565, 567, 576, 581-4, 594, 876,
882, 889, 1025; Bahr on 908-11;
Baudelaire on 302-4, 493-506;
De Amicis on 884-8; Degas on
565, 567; Delacroix on 326-31;
Poe on 283-5; Zola on 555
Modersohn, Otto 903, 907
Modersohn-Becker, Paula 877,
903-4; commitment to naturalism
903-8; on Worpswede 903-8
Molière 932
Molins, Auguste de 570 •
Monet, Claude 521, 522, 570, 572,
575, 589, 592, 602, 817, 847, 890,
931, 938, 959, 963, 967, 974, 975,
976, 986, 987, 989, 994, 1010,
1029, 1031, 1033, 1035;
Impression-Sunrise 573, 575;
letters 546-8; Mallarmé on 589;
Pissarro on 1031; Rivière on
594-5; Signac on 976; Women in
the Garden 546; text 546-8
Monge, Gaspard 621-2
Montifaud, Marc de 517
Moore, Albert 837
Moore, George 684; on Morisot
773, 774, 775-6; on women in art
773-6;text 773-6
morality (Section IIB, Section IIIC
passim) 320, 406, 502
Moréas, Jean 878; Chronique
(phantasmagoria) 1017-18;
statement of Symbolist principles
1014-16; texts 1014-16,
1017-18
Moreau, Gustave 591, 1011, 1018,
1054; Huysmans on 999-1003
Morelli, Giovanni 539
Morisot, Berthe 570, 572, 574,
592, 593, 602, 774, 775, 777, 847,
963; on expression of feeling
941; Fénéon on 964; Mallarmé
on 590; Moore on 773, 774,
775-6; Redon on 851-2; Rivière
on 597-8; text 941
Morland, George 42
Morris, William 159, 683, 810,
821, 826, 828, 1011, 1033-4; on
art under plutocracy 758-63; on
the 'fine' and the 'applied arts'
750-8; on science 757; Shaw
on 810-11; on simplicity 756;
texts 750-63
Morse, Samuel 266, 286; on
patronage 164, 269—71; text
269-71
motifs 333, 334, 484, 683, 733,
974
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 33,
99, 184, 265, 276, 289, 328, 333,
361, 727, 908, 1010
Müller, J. J. 642
Mulready, William 445, 614
Munch, Edvard 879, 1039-44; on
materialism 1040, 1043; on
Naturalism 1040, 1043;
P.-zybyszewski on 1044—50; St
Cloud Manifesto 1040-1;
Scream 1040, 1044; on
subjective vision 1040, 1041-2;
on subjectivity 1041-3; text
1039-44
Munich Secession 911, 935, 1060
mural painting 318-19, 771, 928
Murillo, Bartolome Esteban 320,
618, 844; Bürger on 383;
Constable on 131
Museum of Manufactures (Victoria
and Albert Museum) 159
music 15, 74, 150, 275, 352, 425,
471, 636, 689, 831, 833, 992,
1008, 1009, 1023; Dilthey
on 726, 727; euphony 481;
form in 482; Hanslick on
479-83; harmony 481, 608;
Nordau on 810, 811; Pater
on 833; rhythm 481;
Schleiermacher on 71, 72, 74;
Schopenhauer on 15, 21, 22;
Wagner on 475, 969; Wölfflin
on 713
musical qualities of painting 992
Musset, Alfred de 551, 985
mysticism 879; Pissarro on 1031,
1032
myth/mythology 312, 373, 381-2;
Bürger on 382, 383—4; Jameson
on 422-6; Marx on 343
Nabis 862, 879, 948, 976, 1020
Napoleon Bonaparte 4, 11, 12, 26,
143, 225, 288
Napoli, Giuseppe di 537
national art 523, 923-4
National Gallery, London 808, 843
natural selection 351-5; see also
Darwin, Charles; evolutionary
theory
Naturalism (Section HIB passim)
13, 120, 145-6, 314, 356-421,
444-5, 449, 454, 490, 572, 585,
601, 645, 654, 667, 675, 725, 729,
734, 746, 869, 876, 877, 878, 880,
889, 903, 907, 920, 930, 958-9,
992, 999, 1014, 1016, 1017, 1022,
1030, 1034, 1036, 1039, 1040,
1064; Castagnary on 410, 412,
413-15; Courbet on 402-4;
Delacroix on 359; Fiedler on
698-702; Galeotti on 449-50;
and Impressionism 576;
Modersohn-Becker and 903-8;
Munch on 1040, 1043; psychic
naturalism 1044-50; search for
modern forms of 572; shift
away from 685; Strindberg
on 1034, 1035-6; Zola on 950
nature (Part I, Section IB, Section
IIB passim) 14, 45, 50, 114, 145,
235, 277, 313, 317, 333, 373,
378-9, 385, 451, 458, 474, 490,
557, 558, 606, 686-7, 751, 904,
1034; Allston on 94; and art
58-9, 75, 77, 95; Constable on
128; divinity of 104, 107;
empirical study of 145, 146;
Goethe on 75; Hegel on 58-9;
individual response to 12, 14,
49; Palmer on 125, 126; Poynter
on 644-7; Thoré on 221-3
Nazarenes 12, 49, 125, 196, 198,
211, 434, 458, 1055; Selvatico on
452-3
Neo-Classicism 54, 213-14,
449-50, 456-7
Neo-Impressionism 618, 795, 817,
876, 877, 878, 879, 936, 963,
966-9, 967n, 975, 976; colour, use
of 965-6, 978-82, 983-4;
Fénéon on 964-6, 966-9; Signac
on 978-82, 984; technique,
Index 1093
development of 641; see aiso
divisionism, potntillism
Neo-Traditionism 862-9
New Christianity 38, 77, 80
New England Transcendentalists
162
Newton, Sir Isaac 264. 266, 619.
620, 626, 627, 664, 777
Newton, Sir William 652-4, 656,
657
Nicéphore Niépce 255
Nietzsche, Friedrich 74, 736, 817,
879, 903, 905; on the Apollonian
and Dionysian duality 740-5,
783, 784-5; on art as a stimulus
to life 683, 781-3; on Greek
culture 740-5; on the
underlying purpose and function
of an 783-6; texts 740-5,
781-86
Nittis, Giuseppe de 967
Nordau, Max 682; on degeneracy
798-806; on modern an as
symptom of modern ills 684,
802-6; on music 810, 811; Shaw
on 806-12;text 798-806
Northcote, james 115,120
Novalis 690, 829
nude 31, 32, 360, 371, 373, 384,
647, 891-5, 1058; Bashkirtseif on
766-7; Baudelaire on 304;
Huvsmans on 891, 892-5;
Thoré on 455, 456-7; Van
Gogh on 902
objectivity 15, 17, 18, S33, 573,
878
Olbrich, Josef 917
Omega Workshops 159
opera 36, 289, 471-8, 479
optics 238, 532, 534, 939;
Heimholtz on 636-40
Oriental an 315, 316-17, 416; see
aiso Chinese an; the exotic;
Japanese art
originality (Section IA passim) 14,
50, 584, 772, 1066; Allsten on 93;
Burger on 381; Eakins on
419-21; Goethe on 77; Haziitt
on 54-7; Zola on 563—4
ornament 65, 346, 353, 683, 1012,
1062; Pugin on 160-1; Riegl on
730, 731-5
Ossian 33
Ostade, Adriaan van 943, 950
Ottin, Auguste 570, 571
Overbeck, Friedrich 196, 211. 213;
Vischer, Friedrich on 196-9
Ovid 127
Owen, Robert 345, 764
Paillot de Montabert, Jacques, on
the arts in education 213-16
painterly style 717-20
Palizzi, Filippo 541, 543
Palmer, Bertha 928-30
Palmer, Samuel 125-7
Panini, Paolo 130
pantheism 66, 305, 401, 402
parallelism (Hodler) 1060, 1062-4
Paris 309. 777, 877, 883-8, 903.
908
Parny, Vicomte de 406
Parthenon 230, 233, 321, 578. 596.
650 see aiso Elgin marbles
Pascal, Blaise 230, 284, 406, 784,
1056
Pater, Walter 684, 791, 871;
aesthetic attitude 828-30; on
experience 829; on impression
829; on music 833; texts
828-33
patronage 14, 132, 146, 162, 285,
848; Dunlap on 164, 267,
268-9; Ingres on 470-1; Morse
on 164, 269-71; Vaughan on
164-5, 166
Pau, Marie 941
peasantrv 361, 373-4, 897, 898,
899, 900-1, 902
Péladan, Joséphin 'Sâr' 1054-60
Pennsylvania Academy 647
perception 604, 636, 694, 707,
953, 975; Heimholtz on 636-40;
positivist theories of 396-402;
Ruskin on 604-5, 606n;
Schopenhauer on 15, 16
perspective 441, 588, 936-7; aerial
110, 111, 238-9
Perugino. Pietro 42, 196, 197.
1010
pessimism 681, 782, 798
Petrarch 137
phenomena 397, 400, 401, 691,
693, 713, 747
Phidias 184, 185, 193, 233, 234,
267, 316, 386, 387, 578, 649, 704
Philistinism 144, 178, 221-4,
800-' ; Shaw on 808-9; Thoré
on 144,221—4
Photo-Secession (Stieglitz) 932-3
photogenic drawing see photography
Photographic Societv of London
652
photography (Section IVC passim)
4, 146, 416, 533, 582, 652-77,
865, 901; Baudelaire on 533,
666-8; colour photography
653-4. 994, 995, 997;
daguerreotype 255-7, 322, 332,
416, 654. 668, 677; Delacroix on
359-60, 361-2; Emerson, Peter
Henry on 675-7; as an
expressive art 675, 932-5; as a
form of communication 655,
660-1; Fox Talbot on 249-55;
Frith on 662-6; Holmes on
668-72; Kierkegaard on 291-2;
Lady Eastlake on 655-62; and
landscape 253-4, 658-9;
naturalistic approach to 675;
Newton, William on 652—4; and
paintings, compared 668-72; as
pictorial art 533, 653—4, 662-6,
675-7; portraiture 252; relation
to the arts 652-60, 672-4; and
sculpture 254; Southworth on
672-4; stereoscopic viewing 655,
668-70; Stieglitz on 932-5;
truthfulness of 663-4; Wiertz on
654-5
physiognomy 55, 246, 566;
Duranty on 581
the picturesque 14; Haziitt on
114—17; Wordsworth 216-20
Piette, Ludovic 967
Piglhein, Bruno 911
Piles, Roger de 140
Pindar 279
Pisano, Nino 347
Pissarro, Camille 405, 535, 570,
572, 574, 589, 592, 602, 817-18,
847, 876, 878, 879, 936, 938, 946,
959, 962, 963, 965, 968, 969, 976,
985, 986, 989, 1022, 1055; Adam
on 961; Cezanne's letters to
549-50, 970-5; on colour 971-5;
Degas's letter to 598-9; on
divisionism 970-1, 972, 973,
975; Fénéon on 966, 967; on
Gauguin 974, 1030-1, 1032,
1033; Hoar-frost: the Old Road to
Emery 573, 574; Mallarmé on
589; on Monet 1031; on Puvis
de Chavannes 974; Rivière on
597; on Seurat 973; Signac on
976-7; on Symbolism 1029;
working method 975; texts
970-5, 1029-34
Pissarro. Lucien 965. 970, 971,
1029
Plato 18, 126. 226, 284, 316, 747,
748, 1026
plein-air painting 535, 546, 849;
Cézanne on 549; Homer on
599-600; Laforgue on 937, 938,
940; Mallarmé on 585, 587-8,
589
plutocracy 321-3, 758-63
Poe, Edgar Allan 146, 518, 685,
812; from The Man of the Cromi
280-3, 495; on resistance to
'utility' and 'progress' 283-5; on
the urban mass 280-3; texts
280-5
poetrv 46, 63, 74, 206, 357, 471,
479-80, 569, 794, 1008, 1009;
Delacroix on 362-3; eloquence
and 188; Kahn on 1016-17;
Kierkegaard on 289, 292-4; Mill
on 185-9
Poetzelberger. Robert 911
potntillism 982, 983; see aiso
divisionism; Neo-Impressionism
Poliamolo. Antonio 809
Pont de l'Europe (Caillebotte) 592
porcelain, painting on 276, 856
pornography 417.667
portraiture 54-5, 315. 358, 533;
Allsten on 93; Chevreul on
245; Degas on 566, 567;
photographic 252; Van Gogh on
947
positivism 145, 146. 3%, 410, 572,
610-14, 681. 746; Comte on
145. 151-5; Hildebrand on 710;
Taine on 610; theories of
perception 396-402
Potter, Paulus 950
Poussin, Nicolas 55. 88, 91—2, 113,
117-18, 129, 130, 182, 184,374,
383, 386, 457, 1056, 1058;
Arcadia 457; Deluye 113
Poynter, Sir Edward 531; on
originality 645-6; on Pre-
Raphaelite movement 646-7; on
1094 Index
purity 646-7; text 644—7
Pradier, James 182
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood 147,
311-12, 314, 426-7, 434-5, 438,
591, 810, 861, 1032, 1055; colour,
use of 647; criticism of 434-5,
440; Dickens on 435-8; Peter
Emerson on 676; Poynter on
645, 646-7; Ruskin on 440-6
primitives/primitivism 315, 317,
338, 864, 876-7, 878, 880, 895,
960, 962, 1019, 1021, 1026, 1034
printmaking: Degas on 598-9;
Turner on 257-9; see also
engraving; lithography
Privat, Gonzague 517
Prix de Rome 23, 25, 183, 767
Procaccini, Giulio Cesare 455
production: bourgeois mode of
178; material production 341-2
productive activity of the artist:
Fiedler on 699; Marées on
702; Taine on 611-13
progress 2, 136, 145, 411, 667;
Baudelaire on 485, 488—9;
Delacroix on 327-31
proletariat see working class
Promotrice Exhibition 536, 541-5
prostitution 158, 282, 331;
Baudelaire on 493, 498, 503-5
Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph 78, 327,
341, 366, 370, 371, 404-10, 750,
777, 797, 1032, 1033; on art for
art's sake 406, 407; on the ideal
408-9; on Realism 408; on
Romanticism 405; on science
405; text 404-9
Prud'hon, Pierre Paul 32
Przybyszewski, Stanislaw: on
Individualism 1045-6, 1049; on
Munch 1044-50
psychology 690, 716, 717, 783-4
psychopathology of the artist 682
psychophysiology, Littré on
395-402
the public 51, 563-5, 666, 922; see
also the crowd; urban mass
Pugin, Augustus Welby 434, 438,
683, 750; on architecture 159-62
Pujol, Abel de 180 •
pure art 356, 394, 646; Belinsky
on 357-9; see also art for art's
sake
Purists/Purism: Bianchini on
211-13; Galeotti on 449-52;
Selvatico on 452-5
purity (of colour) 640, 642, 646-7
Puvis de Chavannes 591, 802, 817,
866, 966, 992, 993, 994, 997,
1036, 1054, 1056, 1058, 1060;
Pissarro on 974; Strindberg on
1036; Van Gogh on 948
Quatremère de Quincy, Antoine, on
imitation 120-5
Quinet, Edgar 386
Quintilian 133
Rabelais, François 366, 382, 493,
730, 1015
Racine, Jean 37, 156, 362, 386,
493, 612
Raffaëlli, Jean-François 863, 864,
898, 899, 900, 902, 962, 967
the railway 144-5, 177, 216-20,
310, 316, 330
Ranke, Leopold von 724
Ranson, Paul 862
Raphael 36, 44, 49, 51, 89, 90, 99,
109, 116, 124, 125, 184, 185, 196,
197, 211, 212, 265, 267, 276, 289,
434, 453, 454, 457, 488, 493, 501,
718, 727, 809, 864, 867, 980,
1008; Bürger on 385-7, 457;
Cousin on 193; Dickens on
435; Dilthey on 727; Gautier on
318-19; Hazlitt on 116; Mill on
189; Nietzsche on 744, 784;
Ruskin on 348, 443;
Transfiguration 109, 740, 744
Ravenel, Jean 514, 518-19; see also
Sensier, Alfred
Realism (Section HIB passim) 2,
92, 147, 192, 300, 313, 314,
356-421, 489, 529, 531, 533, 552,
571, 577, 585, 608, 685, 847, 852,
861, 880-1, 896, 921, 925, 926,
927, 942, 950, 951, 964, 1025;
Aurier on 1025—6; Balzac 88,
89-90; Belinsky on 356-9;
Champfleury on 372; Courbet
on 313, 372, 402-4; Delacroix
on 359, 361-2, 363-4; Engels on
763-5; Feuerbach on 168;
Goncourt brothers on 415-19;
Impressionism and 576;
misconceptions of 366;
opposition to 192; Proudhon on
407-8; Wyzewa on 1006
Redon, Odilon 818, 976, 999,
1011, 1018, 1054, 1056; on Degas
852; on the fifth Impressionist
exhibition 685, 847—52; on
Ingres 847, 848-9; on Morisot
851-2; on Rembrandt 847, 848,
850; on Rubens 847, 850; on
suggestive art 1064-6; on
Velasquez 849; texts 847-52,
1064-6
Reed, Luman 190
Regamey, Guillaume 898, 902
Regnault, Henri 895
relation, ideas of 203-4
religion 12, 103, 415, 422-6,
439-40, 782; Arnold on 464;
Burckhardt on 736, 737; see also
Christianity
religious art; Jameson on 422-6;
Vischer, Friedrich on 196-9
Rembrandt 115, 129, 320, 368,
384, 457, 656, 657, 839, 844, 877,
890, 893, 903, 924, 993, 1010,
1021, 1024; Langbehn on 787,
789-90; Redon on 847, 848,
850; Turner on 108,109,110,
111, 113
Renaissance 156, 196, 345, 381,
387, 404, 408, 409, 427, 435, 497,
553, 645, 717, 718, 720, 723, 809,
810, 828, 851, 857, 860, 864, 867,
902, 1007, 1026
Renan, Ernest 192, 462; on culture
and plutocracy 320-3;
text 320-3
Renard, Jules 869
Reni, Guido 44, 109, 451, 454;
Pietà 454
Renoir, Edmond 592
Renoir, Jean 858
Renoir, Pierre Auguste 530, 546,
548, 570, 571, 572, 574, 576, 592,
685, 818, 847, 963, 967, 974, 975,
976, 989, 990, 1004, 1033; Ballai
the Moulin de la Gallette 592,
593, 594; Dancer 573, 574; and
the Impressionists 600-3; letters
to Durand-Ruel 600-3;
Mallarmé on 590; Rivière on
593, 594; Signac on 976; texts
600-3, 855-9
Repin, Ilya 921, 922, 923-5
republicanism 11, 136, 164, 166,
221, 267, 315
Restout, Jean 24
revolutions (Section IIA passim)
163, 298, 759; American
Revolution 11; French
Revolution (1789-1815) 11-12,
37, 101, 114, 130, 225;
Revolution of July 1830 81-2,
143; Revolution of 1848 143,
148, 173, 179, 180, 309, 312, 315,
323-6, 361, 367, 368, 373, 725;
Revolution of 1871 568; see
also Commune
Reynolds, Sir Joshua 54, 92, 108,
109, 110, 111, 118, 130, 232, 286,
287, 657, 775; on landscape 207;
Romney on 54-6
rhythm 956, 1015, 1016-17
Ribera, José 383, 514
Ribot, Théodule 514, 515, 521,
522
Ricardo, David 341, 342
Ricci, Marco 130
Riegl, Alois 683, 730—5; on style
730-5
Riesener, Léon 319
Rigutini, Giuseppe: on the
Macchiabili 536, 538-9
Rilke, Rainer Maria 916
Rimbaud, Arthur 531; and the
avant-garde 568-9; on
Romanticism 568; on self-knowledge
568-9;text 568-9
risorgimento 536
Rivière, Georges 592-8
Robert, Hubert 139
Robert, Léopold 81, 83, 384
Rockel, August 323
Rodin, Auguste 866, 869, 889, 932
Rodriguez, O 38
Romano, Giulio (Julio) 110, 406,
809
Romanticism 2, 12, 13, 14, 30, 45,
48, 81,95, 101, 114, 120, 125,
138, 156, 211, 263, 275, 283, 313,
359, 372, 379, 380, 390, 410, 555,
568, 580, 585, 601, 613, 614, 690,
699, 861, 862, 867, 879, 925, 926,
927, 1014; American development
of 136, 162-3; Bürger on 379,
381, 384, 385; Castagnary on
412-13; Delacroix on 26-30;
Goethe on 77; Hegel on 67-8,
69; Proudhon on 405; Rimbaud
Index 1095
on 568; Stendhal on 50, 37
Rome, ancient 33, 88, 178, 184,
268, 448
Romney, George 54-5, 56, 775
Rood, Ogden 532, 604, 969, 971,
994; on colour 640-4, 953, 957
Rops, Felicien 1011
Roqueplan, Camille 319
Rosa, Salvator 37, 55, 118, 132,
383
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel 426-34,
811
Rossetti, William Michael 427
Rossini, Gioacchino 36, 361
Rouart, Henri 570
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 223, 320,
341-2, 383, 404, 729, 830, 1014
Rousseau, Théodore 180, 220-1,
410, 1008
Roussel, Ker-Xavier 862
Royal Academy see Academy, Royal
Rubens, Peter-Paul 26, 42, 85,
129, 158, 189, 240, 276, 320, 497,
716, 832, 854, 981, 1001, 1010,
1024; Blanc on 621, 623-4;
Couture on 616, 618; Crucifixion
850; Hazlitt on 115, 116; Mill
on 189; Redon on 847, 850;
Turneron 109, 111, 113
Rudé, François 180
ruling class 164-5, 176-7
Rusifiol, Santiago 920-1
Ruskin, John 159, 314, 683, 750,
791, 810, 821, 826, 833, 834, 877;
on colour 604, 605-6, 642-3 ; on
design 345-8, 604; on drawing
605-6; on Gothic architecture
447-9; on history painting 208;
on Hunt 44, 443, 445; on ideas
of beauty 202-3; on imitation
200-2; on landscape 205,
206-11; letters 440-6; on light
606; on Millais 442, 443, 444-5;
Modem Painters 199-211; on
perception 604-5, 606n; on the
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
440-6; and principles of avant-gardism
204-6; on relation;
ideas of 203-4; on the social
context of art 345-8; on taste
199-200, 202; on truth in art
199-202; and Whistler's libel
action 684-5, 833-8; texts
199-211, 345-8, 440-9, 604-7
Ruysdael, Jacob van 21, 117, 119,
457, 659, 950
Rysselberghe, Théo van 983
St Luke, brotherhood of 1%
St Simon, Claude-Henri de
Rouvroy, Comte de 80, 86, 96,
98, 145, 151, 179, 368, 764, 880;
on social transformation 37-41
Sainte-Beuve, Charles Augustin
463
Saint-Victor, Paul 514-15
Salons, Paris 7, 147, 183, 214,
215, 311, 468, 469-70, 520, 532,
554, 597, 601, 766, 779, 863,
1004-5, 1011. of 1819: 23, 468.
of 1822: 26. of 1824: 13, 30-7,
117, 120. of 1831: 80-4, 143,
486. of 1834: 155-9, 468. of
1843: 166-7. of 1844: 220. of
1846: 259, 301^1, 521. of
1847: 614. of 1848: 179-82,
366, 373, 468-70. of 1850/51:
316, 364-6, 367-8, 408. of 1853:
360-1, 408. of 1859: 489, 666.
of 1861: 455-8. of 1863:
376-7, 410, 509. of 1864: 941.
of 1865: 314, 377-8, 514-19,
546, 562. of 1866: 519, 546,
550, 552-4, 989. of 1867:
413-15, 546. of 1868: 546. of
1869: 546, 547. of 1870: 546,
548. of 1876: 1022. of
1878-1883: 600. of 1881: 601.
of 1883: 889. of 1890: 863.
Salon du Champ de Mars, Paris
1891 (Hodler) 1060
Salon des Indépendents, Paris 1888:
985, 1018. Paris 1891: 795-8.
Paris 1895: 974
Salon de la Rose + Croix, Paris
1892: 976, 1054-60
Salons des Refusés, Paris 1863:
314, 509-13, 530, 570, 578, 614,
833. Paris 1873: 570
Sand, George 383, 725, 774, 777,
778, 796
Sartor Resartus (Carlyle) 77-80
Satie, Erik 1056, 1057
Schadow, Johann Gottfried 453
Schalken, Godfried 110, 950
Schapiro, Meyer 530-1, 876-7
Scheffer, Ary 36, 81, 157
Schelfhout 898
Schelling, Friedrich : 169, 356, 632,
633, 724
Schiller, Friedrich 76, 745, 932
Schlegel, Friedrich 70
Schlegel, Wilhelm 724
Schleiermacher, Friedrich: on
aesthetics 69-74; on music 71,
72, 74
Schmidt, Johann Kaspar see Stirner,
Max
Schnett, Jean Victor 34, 36-7, 81
Schopenhauer, Arthur 13, 14, 681,
740, 741, 742, 781, 786, 869, 879,
992, 1014, 1050; on genius 14,
18-19; on the Idea 15, 16, 17,
18-20, 21-2; on imagination 18;
on music 15, 21, 22; on
perception 15, 16; subjective
idealism 694; text 15-22;
theory of the Will 1050; on
'will-lessness' 15—22
Schumann, Robert 726
Schussele, Christian 647, 648
science (Section IVB passim) 12,
17, 37, 57, 59, 145-6, 320, 390,
392, 396-402, 412, 555, 608, 610,
878, 964; Carus on 103, 105;
Chernyshevsky on 393; critique
of 683-4, 787-9; Morris on
757; Proudhon on 405; Semper
on 331
Scott, Leader 684; on women
artists 769-72
Scott, Walter 26,269
sculpture 63, 76, 705, 741, 751,
1054; Cousin on 195; Humbert
de Superville on 228-9;
Kierkegaard on 291-2;
photography and 254
secessions 871, 877-8; see also
Berlin Secession; Munich
Secession; Vienna Secession
self-knowledge 68; Kierkegaard on
271-5; Rimbaud on 568-9
Selvatico, Pietro: on history painting
138-9; on landscape 138-40; on
the Nazarenes 452—3; on the
Purists 452-5; texts 138-40,
452-5
Semper, Gottfried 715, 726, 731,
732; on architecture 159; on
scientific progress 331-6; on
style 333-5
sensation/senses 569, 573, 879,
1006-7; colour sensation 629,
942; Cousin on 194-5; Littré on
396; Maxwell on 625-5, 630
sensibility 12, 880, 918-19;
Friedrich on 49, 53-4
Sensier, Alfred 373, 376, 377, 378;
on Manet's Olympia (as Ravenel)
514, 518-19
sensual effect 42-5, 68, 69, 123-4,
199, 484
Serenesi, Rafiaelle 536, 537
Sérusier, Paul 862, 866-7, 1020-1;
on Gauguin 1020
Seurat, Georges 225, 618, 795,
797, 847, 878, 953, 958, 959, 963,
969, 971, 983, 994, 1018, 1055;
Adam on 959, 961; on
divisionism 969-70, 983;
Fénéon on 963, 965-6, 967-8;
Pissarro on 973; Sunday
Afternoon on the Island of the
Grand Jam 959, 962, 965-6;
text 969-70
Sévigné, Mme de 276
sex/sexuality: Darwinian theory and
351-5; Huysmans on sexuality in
Moreau 1000—2; Moore on 'Sex
in Art' 773-7; see also Woman;
women artists
shadow 544, 981; Couture on
617; Field on 237; see also
chiaroscuro
Shakespeare, William 26, 34, 37,
48,96, 115, 118, 119,222,266,
267, 342, 343, 382, 393, 664, 670,
725, 728, 729, 730, 791, 809, 844,
932, 993
Shaw, George Bernard 684; on
Philistinism 808-9; response to
Nordau's Degeneration 806-12
Shee, Martin Archer 27In
Shelley, Mary 724
Shelley, Percy Bysshe 724, 932
Sigalon, Xavier 30, 33, 34, 36;
Narcissus 33
sign/signification 225-31, 1009;
see also symbol(s)
Signac, Paul 618, 682, 847, 863,
879, 959, 969, 970, 971, 985,
1055; Adam on 961-2; on
Delacroix 978,979,980, 981,
982, 983, 984; on divisionism
972, 980, 982-3; Fénéon on
963, 965, 966; on Impressionism
1096 Index
983, 984; on Monet 976; on
Neo-Impressionism 97H 82,
984; on Pissarro 976-7; Pissarro
on 973, 974; on Renoir 976;
on Sisley 976; on Turner 978;
texts 795-8,975-85
Signorini, Telemaco, on the
Macchiaioli 536-7, 560
Simone see Martini
Sincère, Marie 780
sincerity 314, 520, 535, 991
Sisley, Alfred 546, 570, 572, 589,
592, 602, 818, 847, 967, 976;
Mallarmé on 589; Signac on
976
Slade School 644
Smith, Adam 341-2
social sciences 145, 724; see also
positivism
social transformation 37, 38-41,
144, 144-5, 530, 880
socialism 367, 373, 376, 684, 750,
762-3, 882; anarchist socialism
1029; Christian socialism 8%;
Utopian socialism 37, 155; Wilde
on 684, 791-3; see also
communism; democracy
Society of Female Artists 508
Society of Independent Artists
532, 571; constitution 569-71
Socrates 271, 279
Somerville, Mary 777
Somov, Konstantin 925
Sophocles 932
soul 125; Baudelaire on 498;
Munch on 1043; Proudhon on
407; Rimbaud on 568-9;
Rossetti on 432-4; Wilde on
791-5
Southey, Robert 92
Southworth, Albert Sands 672-4
'souvenir' 535
Sovremennik 356, 388, 394
Spencer, Herbert 420, 778, 864,
931
Spinoza, Benedict 169
spiritualism 745, 746, 747
spirituality of art; Carus on 103-4;
Friedrich, Caspar David on
49-50, 70; Millais on 438-41
spontaneity 532, 572, 879, 941
Sprangher, Bartholomäus 129
Staël, Madame de 276, 777, 778
Stasov, Vladimir 523
Stendhal 1015; on Constable 35;
on David 31, 32, 34, 36, 37; on
Delacroix 31, 34; on Ingres
36; on Romanticism 30, 37; on
the Salon of 1824 30-7; on
Vernet 31, 37
stereoscopic viewing 655, 667,
668-70, 671-2
Stevens, Alfred 899
Stieglitz, Alfred 932-5
Stirner, Max 146; on the ego
296, 298; on freedom 296-300;
on individualism • 146, 296-300;
text 296-300
Strindberg, August: on Gauguin
1035-6; on Naturalism 1034,
1035-6; on Puvis de Chavannes
1036
Stuart, Gilbert 286
Stuck, Franz 818,911
style: Delacroix on 333-4, 335;
Dilthey on 727, 729; history of
682-3, 720-1; psychology of
683; Riegl on 730-5; Semper on
333-5
subjectivism 14, 568, 831, 847,
879, 948; Munch on 1041-3
Sublime, the 48, 114, 388, 392-3,
409
Sue, Eugène 796, 927
Sutter, David 374
symbolic art 66-8, 69, 687-90
Symbolism (Section VIC passim)
283, 484, 585, 632, 654, 734, 817,
818, 847, 862, 869, 876, 878, 879,
880, 888, 920, 948, 951, 958, 969,
985, 988, 989, 992, 999, 1004,
1014-17, 1022, 1034, 1064;
Aurier on 1025-9; Pissarro on
1029; principles 1014-16,
1016-17
symbol(s) 484, 883, 910, 1027,
1029; Carlyle on 77—80; Goethe
on 76; Hegel on 69, 686, 688;
Vischer, Friedrich on 687—8; see
also sign/signification
Synthetism 879, 1022
Tacitus 151
Taine, Hippolyte (Henri) 645,
1036; on the ideal in art 613-14;
on positivism 610; on
production of a work of art
611-12;text 610-14
talbotype 332, 663
talent 62, 63, 77, 133, 554
taste 144, 280, 821; Ruskin on
199-200, 202; Vehlen on 821-7;
Zimmermann on 609
technical radicalism 312, 410-13,
548
technique (Section IIC, Part IV
passim) 12, 729, 922, 923, 930;
Corot on 231-2; Couture on
615-17; Pissarro on 975
technology 37, 263, 334-6
temperament 552-61, 578
Tenerani, Pietro 211, 213, 453
Teniers, David 408
tête d'expression 565, 566
theatre/theatricality 76, 122, 473,
794-5
theosophy 745-6
Thoma, Hans 852-5
Thomson, James 55, 127,133
Thoré, Théophile 144, 373, 375;
on the bourgeoisie 144, 220-4;
on Delacroix 181-2, 385; on
Gérôme 456-7; on the ideal
457-8; on imitation 387; on
individualism 2, 14, 923; on
Manet 512-13, 517; on Manet's
Olympia 517; on Murillo 383;
on myth/mythology 382, 383—4;
on new tendencies in art
378-87; on the nude 455,
456-7; on originality 381; on
Philistinism 14, 221—4; on
Poussin 182, 457; on
Romanticism 37, 381, 384, 385;
on the Salon des Refusés
512-13; on the Salon of
1848 179-82; on the Salon of
1861 455-8; on Watteau 383,
384; texts 179-82, 220-4,
378-87, 455-8
Tieck, Ludwig 70, 452
The Times 440
Tinarini 455
Tintoretto 34, 112, 113, 832, 839
Tissot, James 571, 899
Titian 44, 90, 118, 129, 189, 240,
348, 493, 498, 517, 518, 605, 618,
809, 832; Bacchus and Ariadne
207; Ruskin on 207, 348; St
Peter Martyr 44, 108-9, 112;
Turner on 108
Tivoli, Serafino da 537, 539
Tocqueville, Alexis de 287
Tolstoy, Leo 681, 730, 808, 1063;
on communicative function of art
814-21; on decadence of
contemporary literature and art
817-21
Tracy, Destutt de 398
tragedy 44,96,419,683;
Nietzsche on 740-5, 781
trompe l'oeil 261, 865, 1019
Trumbull, John 270, 286
truth 57, 59-60, 76, 362, 373, 385,
415, 440, 446, 560, 586-7, 588,
698, 703, 710, 782, 854, 989;
Allston on 93—5; Delacroix on
362; Goncourt brothers on 417,
419; de Gourmont on 869-70;
Kierkegaard on 272; Millet on
373-8; Ruskin on 199-202,
442-3; Zola on 550, 554-5
Tucker, Benjamin 806
Turgenev, Ivan 394, 395, 923
Turner, Joseph Mallord William
147, 189, 311, 440, 446, 655, 938,
967, 972, 977-8; Building of
Carthage 204; on colour
107-14; on Domenichino 109,
113; Gauguin on 998; on
printmaking 257-9; on
Rembrandt 108, 109, 110, 111,
113; on Rubens 109, 113;
Ruskin on 199, 204, 205; Signac
on 978; on Titian 108; texts
107-14, 257-9
Turpin de Crissé, Lancelot
Théodore 35
ugliness 48, 354, 785-6
Uhde, Fritz von 911
Universal exhibitions (including
World Fairs and other
International and Trade
exhibitions), general 310;
Chicago 1893, World's Fair
310, 928-9, 930; London 1851,
Great Exhibition 310, 331, 336;
Paris 1798, Exposition des
Produits de l'industrie Française
310; Paris 1855, Universal
Exposition 310, 361, 372, 379,
384, 485-9; Paris 1856,
Agricultural Exhibition 327,
329; Paris 1867, Universal
Exposition 310, 413, 414, 519,
Index 1097
599; Paris 1889, Universal
Exposition 310, 1022
urban mass 146; aesthetic
experience of 164—6; Degas
on 565; Engels on 294-6; Poe
on 280-3; see also the crowd
urbanization 14, 144, 164-6,
280-3, 294-6, 311
ut pictura poesis 195
utilitarianism 14, 145, 146, 185,
192, 220, 478, 822; Bentham on
149-51; Gautier on 14, 98-9
utility (Section IIA passim) 98, 99,
123, 821
Uzanne, Octave 684; on womèn
artists and intellectuals 777-81
Valotton, Felix 862
Van Dyck see Dyck, Antony van
Van Gogh see Gogh, Vincent van
Vanderlyn, John 286
Vanloo, Carl 24,34,166
Vasari, Giorgio 34
Vaughan, Robert: on art in the
guardianship of "the trader and
the citizen' 164—6; on feudalism
164; text 163-6
Vehlen, Thorstein 684; on canons
of taste 821-7
Velazquez 28, 348, 383, 489, 517,
586, 618, 704, 808, 839, 849, 890,
924, 993, 1008, 1021
Velde, Adriaen van der 119
Velde, Henri van de 975, 983
Ver Sacrum 916-20
Verkade, Jan 862
Verlaine, Paul 817, 1029
Vermeer, Jan 950
Vernet, Horace 30, 81, 157;
Constable on 130, 132; on
critics 82-3; on Delacroix
81-2; Stendhal on 31, 37
Veronese, Paolo 456, 497, 605,
616, 618, 832, 839, 976, 981;
Baudelaire on 261; Blanc on
621, 623-4; colour, use of 624;
Hazlitt on 115-16; Marriage of
Carta 112, 115-16; Turner on
112
Verrocchio, Andrea del 725, 729
Vico, Giambattista 322, 542
Vidal, Pierre 777
Vienna Secession 908, 916, 917,
1050, 1060; Bahr on 914—16
Vigée-Lebrun, Elizabeth 772, 774,
775, 777
Vigneron, Pierre-Roch 33
Virgil 125, 127, 156, 195, 362
Vischer, Friedrich Theodor 682,
804; aesthetics 686-90; on
beauty 682, 687; on Overbeck's
Triumph of Religion 196-9; on
symbol 687-8; texts 196-9,
686-90
Vischer, Robert 682, 686,711,
713; on empathy 690
Vitruvius 735
Voellmy, Fritz 911
Vogeler, Heinrich 903, 907
Volkelt, Johannes 711,713
Volksblätter 323
Vollard, Ambroise 988
Voltaire 265, 362, 386, 406, 729,
821, 830, 926
Vrubel, Mikhail 921-3
Vuillard, Edouard 862
Wackenroder, Wilhelm 452
Wagner, Richard 479, 726, 740,
783, 800, 807, 808, 810, 817, 879,
969, 1014, 1017; on architecture
473; Credo 1020; on dance 71,
74, 471; on Folk 477-8; on
freedom 323; Gesamtkuntswerk
471-8; on landscape 473-4,
476n; on 'Revolution' 323-6;
Shaw on 810; theories of art
471-8, 1003, 1004, 1008, 1054;
theories of music 475, 979;
Wyzewa on 1004-5; texts
323-6, 471-8
Wanderers 523, 921, 922, 923
Watelet, Claude Henri 35
Watteau, Jean-Antoine 166, 360,
369, 386, 618, 1010; Bürger on
383, 384
Weishaupt, Victor 911
West, Benjamin 269
Whistler, James McNeill 590, 599;
Duranty on 578; on the
independence of aesthetic values
838-47; libel action 684-5,
833-8; Nocturne in Black \and
Gold 685, 834-7; texts 833-47
Whitman, Walt 163, 80 on nature
and role of American artist
506-8
Wiertz, Antoine Joseph 533; on
photography 654-5
Wilde, Oscar 684, 807; on art for
art's sake 684, 859—62; on
individualism 791—4, 797; on
mechanization 792-3; Picture of
Dorian Gray 859-60, 861-2; on
socialism 684, 791-5; texts
791-5, 859-62
wilderness 14; Catlin on 134—6;
Cole on 136
Wilkie, Sir David 271n, 614
the will 15; Littré on 399;
Schopenhauer on 13, 15-22,
1050; suspension of the 781-2;
'will-lessness' 15-22
Winckelmann, Johann Joachim
120, 486, 501, 893
Wölfllin, Heinrich 682, 711-17,
736; on the baroque 720-4; on
form 711-17; on the painterh
style 717-20, text 717-24
Woman, Baudelaire on 501-2
women artists 147, 765, 928;
anonymous comments on 275-7;
Bashkirtseff on 765-9;
connection with the 'lesser arts'
684; gender bias 684, 765-9;
Marie-Camille de G. on 157-8;
Moore on 773-6; paternalism
towards 773-6; petition to the
Royal Academy 508-9; pursuit
of recognition 508-9, 684,
765-9; representations of 157-8,
893-5, 963^4; Royal Academy
candidates 772-3; Scott on
769-72; Uzanne on 777-81
women critics 155
women sculptors 781
Women's Building, Chicago World's
Fair 928
Wordsworth, William 92, 114, 127,
163, 185, 186; on picturesque
landscape 216-20
working class 144, 158, 591;
aesthetic experience of 216-20;
Engels on 294-6
World of Art group 923, 925
Worpswede community 877, 902-8
Wouwermans, Philips 950
Wundt, Wilhelm 712
Wyzewa, Téodor de; on Moreau
1011; on Realism 1006; text
1003-11; on Wagnerian theories
of art 1003, 1004
Young, Thomas 625, 626, 629,
630, 937
Zimmermann, Robert 532, 682,
690, 693, 730; on aesthetics as a
science 607-10; on feeling
608; on taste 609; text 607-10
Zola, Émile 529, 530, 531, 698,
729, 764, 795, 796, 861, 889-90,
899, 985, 986, 994, 1016, 1030,
1035, 1036, 1055; on
Academicism 147, 554; on
aesthetics 552-4, 557-8; on
beauty 557, 558; Cezanne's
letter to 548-9; on critics 564;
on the crowd 563, 564;
dedication to Cézanne 550-1,
989; definition of art 550, 950;
Germinal 795, 796, 896; on
Greek art 557; on landscape
561; Mallarmé on 585; on
Manet 550, 554-65; on Manet's
Olympia 562-3; on modernity
555; on naturalism 950; on
originality 563-4; Paris 882;
on the public 563-5; on the
Salon 550, 553-4; on truth
550, 554-5; texts 550-65
Zuccherelli (Zuccarelli), Francesco
130
Zügel, Heinrich 911
Zurbaran, Francisco 320, 489